Liriope muscari

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Distribution Map: Based on vouchered plant specimens only. View county names by placing the mouse cursor over a particular county.

Species Distribution Map
Family:RUSCACEAE
Species:Liriope muscari (Decne.) L.H. Bailey
Common Name:Big Blue Lily Turf; Monkey Grass
Habitat:**
Associated Ecological Communities:**
Growth Habit:Herb
Duration:Perennial
Category:Vascular
USDA Symbol:LIMU6
Plant Notes:Monkey Grass is an introduced evergreen grass-like groundcover in the Ruscus family (Ruscaceae). It is native to China, Japan, and Taiwan. Monkey Grass is commonly cultivated and can be found as an escape throughout Alabama. Monkey Grass grows on creek banks, in forests, in urban woodlands, and on roadsides. Plants are clump-forming from short rhizomes. The roots may have fleshy swollen tuberous-like tips. Stolons are absent. Leaves are basal, tufted, sessile, grass-like, linear, erect, and 9--11-veined. Flowers are produced in clusters of 4-8 on an erect scape that is usually equal to or slightly longer than the erect leaves. Each flower has 6 purplish or lilac tepals. The fruit is berry-like and dark purple to black in color. Monkey Grass is commonly cultivated and is rapidly escaping to natural habitats where it can form a solid groundcover, excluding native species. The fruit are consumed by birds which then spread the seed. Once established it is difficult to eradicate.—A. Diamond.
Taxonomic Notes:**
Status:Not Native
References:**
Specimen: View specimen details in the Alabama Herbarium Consortium Specimen Database

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

FamilyRUSCACEAE - Ruscus family
Genus Liriope
Species Liriope muscari (Decne.) L.H. Bailey - Big Blue Lily Turf; Monkey Grass

Citation

Citation Liriope muscari (Decaisne) L.H. Bailey, Gentes Herbarum 2: 35. 1929.
Basionym: Ophiopogon muscari Decne. 1867-68.
Type: CHINA

** Not applicable or data not available.

Synonyms

SynonymFull CitationBasionymType
Convallaria spicata Convallaria spicata Thunberg, in Murray, Syst. Veg., ed. 14. 334. 1784. JAPAN: Near Nagasaki, s.d., Thunberg s.n. (holotype: UPS).
Liriope exiliflora Liriope exiliflora (L. H. Bailey) H. Hume, Baileya 9: 144. 1961.Liriope muscari (Decaisne) L. H. Bailey, var. exiliflora L. H. Bailey 1929; Convallaria spicata Thunberg 1784. 
Liriope graminifolia var. densiflora Liriope graminifolia (Linnaeus) Baker, var. densiflora Maximowicz ex Baker, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 17: 500. 1879.  
Liriope muscari var. communis Liriope muscari (Decaisne) L. H. Bailey, var. communis (Maximowicz) Nakai, Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 43: 776. 1934.Ophiopogon spicatus (Thunberg) Ker Gawler, var. communis Maximowicz 1871. 
Liriope muscari var. exiliflora Liriope muscari (Decaisne) L. H. Bailey, var. exiliflora L. H. Bailey, Gentes Herb. 2: 37. 1929.Convallaria spicata Thunberg 1784. 
Liriope spicata var. densiflora Liriope spicata Loureiro, var. densiflora (Maximowicz ex Baker) C. H. Wright, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 36: 79. 1903.Liriope graminifolia (Linnaeus) Baker, var. densiflora Maximowicz 1879. 
Liriope yingdeensis Liriope yingdeensis R. H. Miao, Acta Sci. Nat. Univ. Sunyatseni 1982: 75. 1982. CHINA: Guangdong:
Ophiopogon muscari Ophiopogon muscari Decaisne, Fl. Serres Jard. Eur. 17: 181. 1867-1868. CHINA
Ophiopogon spicatus Ophiopogon spicatus (Thunberg) Ker Gawler, Bot. Reg. 7: pl. 593. 1821.Convallaria spicata Thunberg 1784. 
Ophiopogon spicatus var. communis Ophiopogon spicatus (Thunberg) Ker Gawler, var. communis Maximowicz, Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Petersbourg 15: 85. 1871. JAPAN

Specimens and Distribution

This species has been reported in the following counties by the herbaria listed. An overview of the individual specimens are provided in the table that follows. Click on the accession number to view details; click on column headers to sort; choose a county or herbaria to filter the specimen data.

Counties included on distribution map: Autauga, Bullock, Butler, Calhoun, Clay, Cleburne, Colbert, Conecuh, Crenshaw, Cullman, Dallas, Elmore, Etowah, Houston, Jefferson, Lauderdale, Lee, Madison, Marengo, Mobile, Montgomery, Morgan, Pike

Counties represented by specimen data listed below:

Herbaria represented by specimen data listed below: ALNHS, AMAL, AUA, JSU, TROY, USAM, UWAL

Range of years during which specimens were collected: 2019 - 2021

Barcode / Accession No. County Coll. Date Collector &
Collection No.		 Herbarium &
Herbarium Name Used		 Image
UWAL0033259 Houston 12 Nov 2015 Diamond, Alvin R.
27042		 UWAL
Liriope muscari (Decaisne) Bailey
TROY000031859 Montgomery 07 Feb 2010 Diamond, Alvin R.
21140		 TROY
Liriope muscari (Decaisne) Bailey
TROY000011194 Crenshaw 09 Jul 2000 Diamond, Alvin R.
11829		 TROY
Liriope muscari (Decaisne) Bailey
AUA_ACC_21230 Lee 10 Jul 1970 HOPSON, GEORGE R.
0054		 AUA
LIRIOPE MUSCARI (DCNE.) BAILEY
UWAL0049289 Lauderdale 19 Sep 2020 Finzel, Brian
s.n.		 UWAL
Liriope muscari (Decainse) L.H. Bailey
JSU102416 Clay 18 Mar 1995 Spaulding, Daniel D.
8908		 JSU
Liriope muscari (Decaisne) Bailey
TROY000044083 Butler 27 Oct 2013 Diamond, Alvin R.
24678		 TROY
Liriope muscari (Decaisne) L.H. Bailey
AUA000030074 Morgan 6 Sep 2015 ENGLAND, J. KEVIN
5680		 AUA
LIRIOPE MUSCARI (DCNE.) BAILEY
UWAL0014843 Bullock 21 Feb 2013 Dykes, Bailee
1520		 UWAL
Liriope muscari (Decaisne) L.H. Bailey
JSU102419 Jefferson 11 Jun 2000 Spaulding, Daniel D.
10882		 JSU
Liriope muscari (Decaisne) Bailey
UWAL0059387 Elmore 21 Jun 2019 Barger, T. Wayne
4606		 UWAL
Liriope muscari (Dcne.) Bailey
UWAL0038076 Cullman 05 Aug 2017 Spaulding, Daniel D.
14918		 UWAL
Liriope muscari (Dcne.) Bailey
TROY000049875 Elmore 18 Jun 2020 Diamond, Alvin R.
29340		 TROY
Liriope muscari (Decaisne) L.H. Bailey
AMAL00013406 Colbert 17 Apr 2006 Spaulding, Daniel D.
12404		 AMAL
Liriope muscari (Dene.) Bailey
TROY000026030 Conecuh 26 Jul 2008 Diamond, Alvin R.
19622		 TROY
Liriope muscari (Decaisne) Bailey
UWAL0046588 Autauga 03 Nov 2016 Parker, Matthew R.
264		 UWAL
Liriope muscari (Decaisne) L.H. Bailey
UWAL0004724 Conecuh 26 Jul 2008 Diamond, Alvin R.
19622		 UWAL
Liriope muscari (Dcne.) Bailey
TROY000046076 Pike 12 Jul 2010 Diamond, Alvin R.
21459		 TROY
Liriope muscari (Decaisne) L.H. Bailey
UWAL0008726 Marengo 24 Jul 2011 England, J. Kevin
3079		 UWAL
Liriope muscari (Decaisne) Bailey
TROY000026326 Colbert 17 Apr 2006 Spaulding, Daniel D.
12404		 TROY
Liriope muscari (Decaisne) Bailey
TROY000011195 Dallas 12 Jul 2004 Diamond, Alvin R.
14493		 TROY
Liriope muscari (Decaisne) Bailey
UWAL0001716 Pike 12 Jul 2010 Diamond, Alvin R.
21459		 UWAL
Liriope muscari (Dcne.) Bailey
TROY000045594 Autauga 03 Nov 2016 Parker, Matthew R.
264		 TROY
Liriope muscari (Decaisne) L.H. Bailey
UWAL0057601 Cleburne 06 Apr 2021 Spaulding, Daniel D.
16537		 UWAL
Liriope muscari (Dcne.) Bailey
JSU102418 Etowah 07 May 1995 Hodge, Lesley M.
4218		 JSU
Liriope muscari (Decaisne) Bailey
TROY000037094 Bullock 21 Feb 2013 Dykes, Bailee
1520		 TROY
Liriope muscari (Decaisne) L.H. Bailey
UWAL0054106 Elmore 27 Jul 2019 Spaulding, Daniel D.
15969		 UWAL
Liriope muscari (Dnce.) Bailey
JSU102415 Calhoun 30 Jul 1986 Lawler, Carol L.
890		 JSU
Liriope muscari (Decaisne) Bailey
UWAL0001999 Montgomery 07 Feb 2010 Diamond, Alvin R.
21140		 UWAL
Liriope muscari (Dcne.) Bailey.
JSU143532 Calhoun 16 May 1972 Davis, Pam
s.n.		 JSU
Liriope muscari (Decaisne) Bailey
UWAL0030488 Morgan 06 Sep 2015 England, J. Kevin
5680		 UWAL
Liriope muscari (Decaisne) LH Bailey
ALNHS00003340 Houston 17 Jun 2015 Barger, T. Wayne
DTP-225		 ALNHS
Liriope muscari (Dcne.) Bailey
UWAL0016234 Butler 27 Oct 2013 Diamond, Alvin R.
24678		 UWAL
Liriope muscari (Decaisne) L.H. Bailey
UWAL0054134 06 Mar 2020 Spaulding, Daniel D.
16798		 UWAL
Liriope muscari (Dnce.) Bailey
TROY000043372 Houston 12 Nov 2015 Diamond, Alvin R.
27042		 TROY
Liriope muscari (Decaisne) L.H. Bailey
JSU102417 Etowah 06 Aug 1994 Hodge, Lesley M.
2967		 JSU
Liriope muscari (Decaisne) Bailey
UWAL0052047 Madison 17 Oct 2020 England, J. Kevin
11408		 UWAL
Liriope muscari (Decne.) L.H. Bailey
AUA_ACC_17374 Lee 11 Aug 1969 MCVAY, D.A.
199		 AUA
LIRIOPE MUSCARI (DCNE.) BAILEY
USAM000008192 Mobile 13 May 1976 LeLong, Michel G.
9219		 USAM
Liriope muscari (Decne.) L. H.Bailey
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