Viola tricolor

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Distribution Map: Based on vouchered plant specimens only. View county names by placing the mouse cursor over a particular county.

Species Distribution Map
Family:VIOLACEAE
Species:Viola tricolor L.
Common Name:Johnny Jump Up; Hearts Ease; Wild Pansy
Habitat:**
Associated Ecological Communities:**
Growth Habit:Herb
Duration:Perennial
Category:Vascular
USDA Symbol:VITR
Plant Notes:**
Taxonomic Notes:**
Status:Not Native
References:**
Specimen: View specimen details in the Alabama Herbarium Consortium Specimen Database

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

FamilyVIOLACEAE - Violet family
Genus Viola
Species Viola tricolor L. - Johnny Jump Up; Hearts Ease; Wild Pansy

Citation

Citation Viola tricolor Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 935–936. 1753.
Basionym: **
Type: Without data (lectotype: LINN 1052.21). Lectotypified by Banerjee & Pramanik, in Panagrahi, Fasc. Fl. India 12: 36. 1982.

** Not applicable or data not available.

Synonyms

SynonymFull CitationBasionymType
Ion tricolor Ion tricolor (Linnaeus) Medikus, Malvenfam. 102. 1787. Viola tricolor Linnaeus 1753.
Mnemion alpestre Mnemion alpestre (de Candolle) Fourreau, Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, ser. 2. 16: 342. 1868.Viola tricolor Linnaeus, var. alpestris de Candolle 1824. 
Mnemion nemausense Mnemion nemausense (Jordan) Fourreau, Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, ser. 2. 16: 341. 1868.Viola nemausensis Jordan 1846. 
Mnemion tricolor Mnemion tricolor (Linnaeus) Spach, Hist. Nat. Vég. 5: 515. 1836. Viola tricolor Linnaeus 1753.  
Viola alpestris Viola alpestris (de Candolle) Jordan ex Wittrock, Acta Horti Berg. 2(1): 90. 1897, non Hegetschweiler-Bodmer 1838-1839.Viola tricolor Linnaeus, var. alpestris de Candolle 1824. 
Viola alpestris subsp. polychroma Viola alpestris (de Candolle) Jordan ex Wittrock, subsp. polychroma (A. Kerner von Marilaun) Hayek, Fl. Steiermark 1: 595. 1909.Viola polychroma A. Kerner von Marilaun 1882. 
Viola bella Viola bella Grenier, in Grenier & Godron, Fl. France 1: 184. 1848.  
Viola bielziana Viola bielziana Schur, Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 86. 1866.  
Viola curtisii Viola curtisii E. Forster, in Smith, Engl. Bot., Suppl. 2: t. 2693. 1831.  
Viola elisabethae Viola elisabethae Klokov, in Komarov, Fl. URSS 15: 465, 684. 1949. UKRAINE: Crimean Mountains Forest Reserve, 5 Jul 1925, Poplawska s.n. (holotype: LE).
Viola hortensis Viola hortensis (de Candolle) Wettstein, Handb. Syst. Bot. 1: 36. 1901, non Schur 1866.Viola tricolor Linnaeus, var. hortensis de Candolle 1824. 
Viola intermedia Viola intermedia Lejeune, Rev. Fl. Spa 51. 1825 ("1824"), non Krocker 1823.  
Viola litoralis Viola litoralis Sprengel, Novi Provent. 43. 1818.  
Viola luteola Viola luteola Jordan, Mém. Acad. Sci. Lyon 1: 239. 1851.  
Viola macedonica Viola macedonica Boissier & Heldreich, in Boissier, Diagn. Pl. Orient. 2(1): 55. 1854.  
Viola matutina Viola matutina Klokov, in Komarov, Fl. URSS 15: 467, 685. 1949. UKRAINE: Charkow: Vicinity of Valki, 18 May 1941, Klokov s.n. (holotype: CW).
Viola monticola Viola monticola Jordan, Observ. Pl. Nouv. 2: 37. 1846.  
Viola nemausensis Viola nemausensis Jordan, Observ. Pl. Nouv. 2: 18. 1846.  
Viola perrobusta Viola perrobusta (Borbás) Borbás, Magyar Noevenyt. Lapok 13: 81. 1890.Viola tricolor Linnaeus, var. perrobusta Borbas 1888. 
Viola polychroma Viola polychroma A. Kerner von Marilaun, Sched. Fl. Exs. Austro.-Hung. 2: 89. 1882.  
Viola provostii Viola provostii Boreau, Fl. Centre France, ed. 3. 2: 82. 1857. FRANCE
Viola saxatilis Viola saxatilis F. W. Schmidt, Fl. Boem. 3: 60. 1794.  
Viola saxatilis var. bella Viola saxatilis F. W. Schmidt, var. bella (Grenier) Borbás, in W. D. J. Koch, Syn. Deut. Schweiz. Fl., ed. 3. 221. 1890.Viola bella Grenier 1848. 
Viola saxatilis var. perrobusta Viola saxatilis F. W. Schmidt, var. perrobusta (Borbás) Borbás, in W. D. J. Koch, Syn. Deut. Schweiz. Fl., ed. 3. 221. 1890.Viola tricolor Linnaeus, var. perrobusta Borbas 1888. 
Viola saxatilis var. polychroma Viola saxatilis F. W. Schmidt, var. polychroma (A. Kerner von Marilaun) Borbás, in W. D. J. Koch, Syn. Deut. Schweiz. Fl., ed. 3. 221. 1890.Viola polychroma A. Kerner von Marilaun 1882. 
Viola thasia Viola thasia Becker, Bull. Herb. Boissier, ser. 2. 2: 855. 1902.  
Viola tricolor subsp. curtisii Viola tricolor Linnaeus, subsp. curtisii (E. Forster) Syme, in Smith, Engl. Bot., ed. 3. 2: 26. 1865.Viola curtissii E. Forster 1831. 
Viola tricolor subsp. mecedonica Viola tricolor Linnaeus, subsp. mecedonica (Boissier & Heldreich) A. Schmidt, Feddes Repert. 74: 30. 1967.Viola macedonica Boissier & Heldreich 1854. 
Viola tricolor subsp. subalpina Viola tricolor Linnaeus, subsp. subalpina Gaudin, Fl. Helv. 2: 210. 1828.  
Viola tricolor var. alpestris Viola tricolor Linnaeus, var. alpestris de Candolle, Prodr. 1: 303. 1824.  
Viola tricolor var. bicolor Viola tricolor Linnaeus, var. bicolor Hoffmann, Deutschl. Fl., ed. 2. 170. 1804.  
Viola tricolor var. genuina Viola tricolor Linnaeus, var. genuina Wittrock, Acta Horti Berg. 2(1): 36. 1897, nom. inadmiss.Viola tricolor Linnaeus 1753. 
Viola tricolor var. grandiflora Viola tricolor Linnaeus, var. grandiflora Hayne, Getreue Darstell. Gew. 3: pl. 5. 1813.  
Viola tricolor var. grandiflora Viola tricolor Linnaeus, var. grandiflora Maly, Fl. Steiermark 208. 1868, non Hayne 1813.  
Viola tricolor var. hortensis Viola tricolor Linnaeus, var. hortensis de Candolle, Prodr. 1: 303. 1824.  
Viola tricolor var. macropetala Viola tricolor Linnaeus, var. macropetala Kuntze, Taschen-Fl. Leipzig 187. 1867.  
Viola tricolor var. maritima Viola tricolor Linnaeus, var. maritima Schweigger, Koenigsberger Arch. Naturwiss. Math. 1: 210. 1812.  
Viola tricolor var. perrobusta Viola tricolor Linnaeus, var. perrobusta Borbás, Magyar Noevenyt. Lapok 11: 118. 1888.  
Viola versicolor Viola versicolor Salisbury, Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 130. 1796, nom. illegit. Viola tricolor Linnaeus 1753.  

Specimens and Distribution

This species has been reported in the following counties by the herbaria listed. An overview of the individual specimens are provided in the table that follows. Click on the accession number to view details; click on column headers to sort; choose a county or herbaria to filter the specimen data.

Counties included on distribution map: Coffee, Etowah, Lee, Mobile

Counties represented by specimen data listed below:

Herbaria represented by specimen data listed below: ALNHS, AUA, JSU, TROY, UNA

Range of years during which specimens were collected: 1879 - 1879

Barcode / Accession No. County Coll. Date Collector &
Collection No.		 Herbarium &
Herbarium Name Used		 Image
JSU137955 Etowah 03 May 1995 Hodge, Lesley M.
4206		 JSU
Viola tricolor Linnaeus
TROY000009736 Coffee 03 Mar 2000 Martin, Brian H.
448		 TROY
Viola tricolor Linnaeus
UNA00011505 Mobile 28 Apr 1879 Mohr, Charles
s.n.		 UNA
Viola tricolor L.
AUA_ACC_3525 Lee 25 Mar 1925 Anonymous
 AUA
Viola Tricolor L.
ALNHS00004943 Lee 12 May 2017 Barger, T. Wayne
SP#3112		 ALNHS
Viola tricolor L.
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