Trifolium campestre

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Distribution Map: Based on vouchered plant specimens only. View county names by placing the mouse cursor over a particular county.

Family:FABACEAE
Species:Trifolium campestre Schreb.
Common Name:Low Hop Clover; Field Clover
Habitat:**
Associated Ecological Communities:**
Growth Habit:Herb
Duration:Annual
Category:Vascular
USDA Symbol:TRCA5
Plant Notes:Low Hop Clover is an introduced herbaceous annual in the Bean family (Fabaceae). It is native to Europe and western Asia. Low Hop Clover can be found throughout Alabama. It occurs on roadsides, in fields, in pastures, in lawns, and in other open sunny sites. It is an annual with a tap root. Stems are erect, green or reddish in color, branched mostly above the middle, and short appressed pubescent to glabrous. Leaves are alternate, petiolate, and trifoliate. The leaflets are oblong or elliptical in outline, toothed above the middle, and glabrous to slightly pubescent. Flowers are produced in globose to ovoid heads on long peduncles from the axils of the upper leaves. The calyx is tubular, glabrous, and 5 lobed. The upper two lobes are shorter than the lower three lobes. The corolla is papilionaceous and bright lemon yellow in color. The standard (upper petal) is conspicuously grooved (striate). The corolla persists and turns brown as the fruit develop. The fruit is an oblong 1-seeded legume. Low Hop Clover is similar to, and often grows with Least Hop Clover (Trifolium dubium Sibthorp). Low Hop Clover has 20-40 flowers per head while Least Hop Clover has 3-15. The standard of Least Hop Clover is not striate. Low Hop Clover is a larval food for Sulphur Butterflies (Colias sp.).—A. Diamond
Taxonomic Notes:**
Status:Not Native
References:**
Specimen: View specimen details in the Alabama Herbarium Consortium Specimen Database

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

FamilyFABACEAE - Pea/Bean family
Genus Trifolium
Species Trifolium campestre Schreb. - Low Hop Clover; Field Clover

Citation

Citation Trifolium campestre Schreber, Deutschl. Fl. [Sturm] Abt. 1, Phanerog. Heft 16. 1804.
Basionym: **
Type: GERMANY: Without data (lectotype: Schreber, in Sturm, Deutschl. Fl. 4(16): t. 253. 1804). Lectotypified by Zohary & D. Heller, Genus Trifolium 338. 1984.

** Not applicable or data not available.

Synonyms

SynonymFull CitationBasionymType
Amarenus agrarius var. campestris Amarenus agrarius (Linnaeus) C. Presl, var. campestris (Schreber) C. Presl, Symb. Bot. 1: 46. 1831.Trifolium campestre Schreber 1804. 
Chrysaspis campestris Chrysaspis campestris (Schreber) Desvaux, Observ. Pl. Angers 164. 1818.Trifolium campestre Schreber 1804. 
Trifolium agrarium var. campestre Trifolium agrarium Linnaeus, var. campestre (Schreber) Beck, Fl. Nieder-Oesterreich 845. 1892.Trifolium campestre Schreber 1804. 
Trifolium agrarium var. pseudoprocumbens Trifolium agrarium Linnaeus, var. pseudoprocumbens (C. C. Gmelin) J. Lloyd, Fl. Ouest France 100. 1854, nom. illegit.Trifolium procumbens Linnaeus, var. minus W. D. J. Koch 1837; Trifolium psuedoprocumbens C. C. Gmelin 1808. 
Trifolium campestre var. genuinum Trifolium campestre Schreber, var. genuinum Rouy, Fl. France 5: 73. 1899, nom. inadmiss.Trifolium campestre Schreber 1804. 
Trifolium campestre var. maius Trifolium campestre Schreber, var. maius Hayek, Fl. Steiermark 1: 1049. 1910, nom. inadmiss.Trifolium procumbens Linnaeus, var. maius W. D. J. Koch 1837, nom. illegit.; Trifolium procumbens Linnaeus, var. campestre (Schreber) Seringe 1825; Trifolium campestre Schreber 1804. 
Trifolium campestre var. minus Trifolium campestre Schreber, var. minus (W. D. J. Koch) Hayek, Fl. Steiermark 1: 1050. 1910.Trifolium procumbens Linnaeus, var. minus W. D. J. Koch 1837; Trifolium pseudoprocumbens C. C. Gmelin 1808. 
Trifolium campestre var. pseudoprocumbens Trifolium campestre Schreber, var. pseudoprocumbens (C. C. Gmelin) Ascherson & Graebner, Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. 6(2): 482. 1908, nom. illegit.Trifolium procumbens Linnaeus, var. minus W. D. J. Koch 1837; Trifolium pseudoprocumbens C. C. Gmelin 1808. 
Trifolium erythranthum Trifolium erythranthum Halacsy, Oesterr. Bot. Z. 56: 208. 1906.  
Trifolium glaucescens Trifolium glaucescens Haussknecht, Mitth. Thuering. Bot. Vereins 5: 79. 1893.  
Trifolium lupulinum Trifolium lupulinum Guildenstern ex Ledebour, Fl. Ross. 1: 557. 1843.  
Trifolium minimum Trifolium minimum W. P. C. Barton, Comp. Fl. Philadelph. 2: 74. 1818.  
Trifolium procumbens var. campestre Trifolium procumbens Linnaeus, var. campestre (Schreber) Seringe, in de Candolle, Prodr. 2: 205. 1825.Trifolium campestre Schreber 1804. 
Trifolium procumbens var. maius Trifolium procumbens Linnaeus, var. maius W. D. J. Koch, Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv. 175. 1837, nom. illegit.Trifolium procumbens Linnaeus, var. campestre (Schreber) Seringe 1825; Trifolium campestre Schreber 1804. 
Trifolium procumbens var. minus Trifolium procumbens Linnaeus, var. minus W. D. J. Koch, Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv. 175. 1837.Trifolium pseudoprocumbens C. C. Gmelin 1808. 
Trifolium procumbens var. nanum Trifolium procumbens Linnaeus, var. nanum Seringe, in de Candolle, Prodr. 2: 205. 1825.  
Trifolium pseudoprocumbens Trifolium pseudoprocumbens C. C. Gmelin, Fl. Bad. 3: 240. 1808.  
Trifolium pumilum Trifolium pumilum Hossain, Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 23: 479. 1961.  
Trifolium schreberi Trifolium schreberi Jordan ex Reuter, Cat. Pl. Vasc. Gèneve, ed. 2. 49. 1861, nom. illegit.Trifolium campestre Schreber 1804. 
Trifolium thionanthum Mitt. Geogr. Ges. Jena 5: 71. 1885.  
Trifolium procumbens    

Specimens and Distribution

This species has been reported in the following counties by the herbaria listed. An overview of the individual specimens are provided in the table that follows. Click on the accession number to view details; click on column headers to sort; choose a county or herbaria to filter the specimen data.

Counties included on distribution map: Autauga, Baldwin, Barbour, Bibb, Blount, Bullock, Butler, Calhoun, Chambers, Cherokee, Chilton, Clay, Cleburne, Coffee, Colbert, Conecuh, Coosa, Covington, Crenshaw, Cullman, Dale, Dallas, DeKalb, Elmore, Escambia, Etowah, Fayette, Franklin, Geneva, Greene, Hale, Henry, Houston, Jackson, Jefferson, Lamar, Lauderdale, Lawrence, Lee, Limestone, Lowndes, Macon, Madison, Marengo, Marion, Marshall, Mobile, Monroe, Montgomery, Morgan, Pickens, Pike, Randolph, Russell, Shelby, St. Clair, Sumter, Talladega, Tallapoosa, Tuscaloosa, Walker, Washington, Wilcox, Winston

Counties represented by specimen data listed below:

Herbaria represented by specimen data listed below: ALNHS, AUA, JSU, SAMF, TROY, UNA, USAM, UWAL

Range of years during which specimens were collected: 1879 - 2000

Barcode / Accession No.
County
Coll. Date
Collector &
Collection No.
Herbarium &
Herbarium Name Used
Image
UNA00008890 Autauga 15 Apr 1982 Gunn, Scott C.
454		 UNA
Trifolium campestre Schreb.
AUA000013725 Autauga 15 Apr 1982 GUNN, SCOTT C.
454		 AUA
TRIFOLIUM CAMPESTRE SCHREB.
UWAL0046842 Autauga 09 Mar 2017 Parker, Matthew R.
421		 UWAL
Trifolium campestre Schreber
TROY000044927 Autauga 09 Mar 2017 Parker, Matthew R.
421		 TROY
Trifolium campestre Schreber
UNA00018330 Baldwin 11 Apr 1952 Chermock, Ralph L.
s.n.		 UNA
Trifolium campestre Schreb.
UNA00018333 Baldwin 11 Apr 1952 Chermock, Ralph L.
s.n.		 UNA
Trifolium campestre Schreb.
JSU137997 Baldwin 29 Mar 1998 Brodeur, Kristin R.
436		 JSU
Trifolium campestre Schreber
UWAL0043821 Baldwin 24 Mar 2003 Larsen, Harry S.
1191		 UWAL
Trifolium campestre Schreb.
TROY000005662 Baldwin 23 Mar 2006 Diamond, Alvin R.
16186		 TROY
Trifolium campestre Schreber
AUA000027046 Baldwin 1 Apr 2008 BARGER, T.WAYNE
PERD-306		 AUA
TRIFOLIUM CAMPESTRE SCHREB.
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