Helenium vernale

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Distribution Map: Based on vouchered plant specimens only. View county names by placing the mouse cursor over a particular county.

Species Distribution Map
Family:ASTERACEAE
Species:Helenium vernale Walter
Common Name:Savannah Sneezeweed; Spring Sneezeweed
Habitat:**
Associated Ecological Communities:**
Growth Habit:Herb
Duration:Perennial
Category:Vascular
USDA Symbol:HEVE
Plant Notes:Spring Sneezeweed is a native herbaceous perennial in the Sunflower family (Asteraceae). It occurs in the southern third of Alabama. Spring Sneezeweed occurs in Pitcher Plant Bogs, in seeps, in pine flatwoods, and on wet roadsides. It is a perennial from a short rhizome. Leaves form a basal rosette, and a few occur on the scape. The basal leaves are obovate to oblanceolate in outline, sessile or with a winged petiole, glabrous, and entire. Stem leaves are lanceolate in outline, sessile, with entire margins. The stem leaves are decurrent on the stem (the blade tissue of the leaf extends down the stem forming wings). Stems are 1-1 ½ feet tall, usually unbranched, slightly winged, and glabrous or slightly pubescent. Each scape usually has a single head of flowers. The heads are composed of 100-800 yellow disc flowers and 13-30 yellow ray flowers. The fruit is a glabrous achene. Spring Sneezeweed is listed as an S2 species in Alabama (typically 6 to 20 occurrences, few remaining individuals, acres, or miles of stream, or factors demonstrably making it very vulnerable in the state), and globally as a G4 species (imperiled globally because of rarity (6 - 20 occurrences, or few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or very vulnerable to extinction throughout its range because of other factors).--A. Diamond
Taxonomic Notes:**
Status:Native, FACW+ (NWI), S2 (State Rank), G4 (Global Rank)
References:**
Specimen: View specimen details in the Alabama Herbarium Consortium Specimen Database

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

FamilyASTERACEAE - Aster family
Genus Helenium
Species Helenium vernale Walter - Savannah Sneezeweed; Spring Sneezeweed

Citation

Citation Helenium vernale Walter, Fl. Carol. 210. 1788.
Basionym: **
Type: USA: SOUTH CAROLINA: Without data, Herb. Walter 56-A (neotype: BM). Neotypified by H. Rock, Rhodora 59: 168. 1957; D. B. Ward, J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 1: 415. 2007.

** Not applicable or data not available.

Synonyms

SynonymFull CitationBasionymType
Gaillardia fimbriata Gaillardia fimbriata Michaux, Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 142. 1803. "Carolina ad Floridam",
Heleniastrum vernale Heleniastrum vernale (Walter) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 342. 1891.Helenium vernale Walter 1788. 
Heleniastrum fimbriatum Heleniastrum fimbriatum (Michaux) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 342. 1891.Gaillardia fimbriata Michaux 1803. 
Heleniastrum helenium Heleniastrum helenium (Nuttall) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 342. 1891.Leptopoda helenium Nuttall 1818. 
Helenium decurrens Helenium decurrens Moldenke, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 62: 230. 1935, nom. illegit.Leptopoda decurrens Macbride ex Elliott 1823, nom. illegit.; Leptopoda helenium Nuttall 1818. 
Helenium denticulatum Helenium denticulatum (Nuttall) Moldenke, Phytologia 1: 169. 1935.Leptopoda denticulata Nuttall 1841. 
Helenium discovatum Helenium discovatum Rafinesque, New Fl. 4: 81. 1838 ("1836"). FLORIDA
Helenium fimbriatum Helenium fimbriatum A. W. Wood, Amer. Bot. Fl. 182. 1870. FLORIDA
Helenium fimbriatum Helenium fimbriatum (Michaux) A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 9: 204. 1874, non A. W. Wood 1870.Gaillardia fimbriata Michaux 1803. 
Helenium leptopoda Helenium leptopoda A. W. Wood, Amer. Bot. Fl. 182. 1870. "S. Car. to Fla.",
Leptopoda decurrens Leptopoda decurrens Macbride ex Elliott, Sketch Bot. S. Carolina 2: 446. 1823, nom. illegit.Leptopoda helenium Nuttall 1818. 
Leptopoda denticulata Leptopoda denticulata Nuttall, Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., ser. 2. 7: 373. 1841. GEORGIA
Leptopoda fimbriata Leptopoda fimbriata (Michaux) Eaton, Man. Bot. 275. 1829.Gaillardia fimbriata Michaux 1803. 
Leptopoda floridana Leptopoda floridana Rafinesque, Atl. J. 147. 1832. FLORIDA
Leptopoda helenium Leptopoda helenium Nuttall, Gen. N. Amer. Pl. 2: 174. 1818.  
Leptopoda puberula Leptopoda puberula Macbride ex Elliott, Sketch Bot. S. Carolina 2: 445. 1823, nom. illegit.Helenium vernale Walter 1788. 
Leptopoda helenioides Leptopoda helenioides Cassini, in Cuvier, Dict. Sci. Nat. 28: 80. 1823, nom. illegit.Leptopoda helenium Nuttall 1818. 
Helenium helenium Helenium helenium (Nuttall) Small, Fl. S.E. U.S. 1292, 1341. 1903, nom. inadmiss.Leptopoda helenium Nuttall 1818. 
Helenium nuttallii Helenium nuttallii A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 9: 204. 1874.Leptopoda helenium Nuttall 1818. 

Specimens and Distribution

This species has been reported in the following counties by the herbaria listed. An overview of the individual specimens are provided in the table that follows. Click on the accession number to view details; click on column headers to sort; choose a county or herbaria to filter the specimen data.

Counties included on distribution map: Baldwin, Conecuh, Covington, Crenshaw, Escambia, Geneva, Henry, Houston, Mobile, Monroe, Pike

Counties represented by specimen data listed below:

Herbaria represented by specimen data listed below: ALNHS, AMAL, AUA, TROY, UNA, USAM, UWAL

Range of years during which specimens were collected: 1952 - 1977

Barcode / Accession No. County Coll. Date Collector &
Collection No.		 Herbarium &
Herbarium Name Used		 Image
USAM000002348 Mobile 23 Mar 1974 LeLong, Michel G.
7454		 USAM
Helenium vernale Walter
AUA000004376 Pike 12 Apr 1990 Diamond, Alvin R.
6812		 AUA
Helenium Vernale Walt.
UWAL0018377 Baldwin 29 Mar 1986 Kral, Robert
73206		 UWAL
Helenium vernale Walt.
UNA00063965 Baldwin 09 Apr 1966 Owings, Tom
35		 UNA
Helenium vernale Walter
TROY000002193 Baldwin 23 Mar 2006 Diamond, Alvin R.
16203		 TROY
Helenium vernale Walter
UWAL0035312 Mobile 23 Apr 2015 Horne, Howard E.
2839		 UWAL
Helenium vernale Walter
AUA000021861 Baldwin 11 May 2005 Hansen, Curtis J.
1747		 AUA
Helenium Vernale Walt.
AUA000004362 Baldwin 23 Apr 1978 Lamb, Trip
95		 AUA
Helenium Vernale Walt.
ALNHS00008658 Mobile 13 May 1993 Oberholster, Chris
CO#693		 ALNHS
Helenium vernale Walt.
USAM000002347 Mobile 28 Apr 1973 LeLong, Michel G.
6978		 USAM
Helenium vernale Walter
TROY000015235 Covington 09 May 2005 Kral, Robert
96279		 TROY
Helenium vernale Walter
AUA000004363 Baldwin 1 May 1965 Koelling, Alfred C.
2196		 AUA
Helenium Vernale Walt.
UWAL0000698 Baldwin 11 May 2005 Hansen, Curtis J.
1747		 UWAL
Helenium vernale Walt.
USAM000002345 Baldwin 19 Apr 1970 Kral, Robert
38797		 USAM
Helenium vernale Walter
UWAL0036276 Mobile 04 Apr 2017 Horne, Howard E.
3768		 UWAL
Helenium vernale Walter
TROY000002213 Baldwin 11 May 2005 Hansen, Curtis J.
1747		 TROY
Helenium vernale Walter
USAM000002346 Mobile 28 Mar 1975 LeLong, Michel G.
8273		 USAM
Helenium vernale Walter
TROY000015236 Conecuh 10 May 2005 Kral, Robert
96357		 TROY
Helenium vernale Walter
AUA000004365 Baldwin 1 May 1965 Koelling, Alfred C.
2218		 AUA
Helenium Vernale Walt.
UWAL0044367 Baldwin 31 Mar 2000 McArthur, Jill D.
288		 UWAL
Helenium vernale Walter
AMAL00021348 Henry 07 May 2005 Kral, Robert
96321		 AMAL
Helenium vernale Walter
UNA00046983 Baldwin 12 Apr 1952 Chermock, Ralph L.
s.n.		 UNA
Helenium vernale Walter
AMAL00003030 Covington 01 Apr 2000 Kral, Robert
89364		 AMAL
Helenium vernale Walt.
AUA000025688 Covington 8 Apr 1994 Oberholster, Suzanne
662		 AUA
Helenium Vernale Walt.
TROY000015234 Geneva 10 May 2005 Kral, Robert
96364		 TROY
Helenium vernale Walter
UWAL0017489 Geneva 11 Apr 2015 Diamond, Alvin R.
26165		 UWAL
Helenium vernale Walter
AUA000004367 Covington 17 Apr 1979 Crawford, Lloyd C.
 AUA
Helenium Vernale Walt.
AUA000004372 Geneva 27 Apr 1969 Kral, Robert
34559		 AUA
Helenium Vernale Walt.
AUA000004375 Monroe 11 May 1981 O'Halloran, K.
130		 AUA
Helenium Vernale Walt.
TROY000014582 Escambia 07 May 2005 Kral, Robert
96321		 TROY
Helenium vernale Walter
AUA000004368 Covington 22 May 1979 Johnson, Kenneth G.
 AUA
Helenium Vernale Walt.
TROY000042099 Geneva 11 Apr 2015 Diamond, Alvin R.
26165		 TROY
Helenium vernale Walter
AUA000004370 Escambia 12 Apr 1986 Diamond, Alvin R.
2305		 AUA
Helenium Vernale Walt.
AUA000004374 Monroe 28 Apr 1981 Henderson, T.
005		 AUA
Helenium Vernale Walt.
UWAL0043167 Baldwin 24 Mar 2001 Larsen, Harry S.
691		 UWAL
Helenium vernale Walter
UWAL0038828 Escambia 23 Apr 2016 Keener, Brian R.
9534		 UWAL
Helenium vernale Walter
UNA00046986 Mobile _ May 1892 Mohr, Charles
s.n.		 UNA
Helenium vernale Walter
AUA000004371 Escambia 23 Apr 1988 Diamond, Alvin R.
4569		 AUA
Helenium Vernale Walt.
AUA000004366 Covington 27 Apr 1979 Coggins, W.A.
104		 AUA
Helenium Vernale Walt.
AUA000004364 Baldwin 8 Apr 1972 Freeman, John D.
749		 AUA
Helenium Vernale Walt.
UWAL0039875 Houston 02 Apr 2017 Diamond, Alvin R.
27804		 UWAL
Helenium vernale Walter
TROY000045493 Houston 02 Apr 2017 Diamond, Alvin R.
27804		 TROY
Helenium vernale Walter
TROY000002194 Baldwin 23 Mar 2006 Diamond, Alvin R.
16203		 TROY
Helenium vernale Walter
AMAL00014464 Baldwin 01 Apr 2008 Barger, T. Wayne
Perd-323		 AMAL
Helenium vernale Walt.
ALNHS00005518 Baldwin 18 Apr 2018 Barger, T. Wayne
SP#3710		 ALNHS
Helenium vernale Walt.
ALNHS00001291 Baldwin 24 Jul 2012 Barger, T. Wayne
SP#676		 ALNHS
Helenium vernale Walt.
AMAL00004733 Covington 09 May 2005 Kral, Robert
96279		 AMAL
Helenium vernale Walter
UNA00061344 Mobile 27 Apr 1968 Thomas, Joab L.
1653		 UNA
Helenium vernale Walter
AUA000004373 Mobile 23 Sep 1981 Henderson, T.
613		 AUA
Helenium Vernale Walt.
UWAL0038296 Mobile 28 Mar 1975 LeLong, Michel G.
8273		 UWAL
Helenium vernale Walter
UNA00046985 Mobile 26 Mar 1977 Davenport, Lawrence J.
6		 UNA
Helenium vernale Walter
AUA000004369 Crenshaw 22 Apr 1988 Diamond, Alvin R.
4547		 AUA
Helenium Vernale Walt.
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