Cichorium intybus

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Distribution Map: Based on vouchered plant specimens only. View county names by placing the mouse cursor over a particular county.

Species Distribution Map
Family:ASTERACEAE
Species:Cichorium intybus L.
Common Name:Chicory; Succory; Blue Sailors
Habitat:Roadsides and other disturbed areas.
Associated Ecological Communities:**
Growth Habit:Herb
Duration:Biennial
Category:Vascular
USDA Symbol:**
Plant Notes:Chicory is an introduced herbaceous biennial in the Sunflower family (Asteraceae). It is native to Europe and Asia. In our state it occurs primarily in the Black Belt region of central Alabama and in northern Alabama. Chicory can be found around old home sites, on roadsides, along railroads, in hay fields, and in pastures. It is a biennial with a stout taproot. The stems are 1-3 feet in height, branched, ribbed, and pubescent (at least towards the base). The leaves are basal (may be absent at flowering time) and cauline. The leaves are alternate, sessile or short petiolate, oblanceolate to linear in outline, pubescent (at least on the midrib below), with toothed to entire or lobed margins. The cauline leaves are much reduced. The sap is milky. Flowers are produced in heads. The heads are sessile in open spike-like or panicle-like arrays. The heads are subtended by 1-2 series of short outer triangular bracts and an inner series of long narrow bracts. The heads contain only ray flowers. The flowers are pale blue to rarely pink, purple, or white in color. The fruit is an achene with a crown of short scales. The leaves of Chicory are sometimes used as salad greens, but have a somewhat bitter taste. The roasted roots are ground and used as an addition to or substitute for coffee.—A. Diamond
Taxonomic Notes:**
Status:Not Native
References:**
Specimen: View specimen details in the Alabama Herbarium Consortium Specimen Database

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

FamilyASTERACEAE - Aster family
Genus Cichorium
Species Cichorium intybus L. - Chicory; Succory; Blue Sailors

Citation

Citation Cichorium intybus Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 813. 1753.
Basionym: **
Type: Without data (lectotype: LINN 962.1). Lectotypified by Lack, in Rechinger f., Fl. Iran 122: 6. 1977.

** Not applicable or data not available.

Synonyms

SynonymFull CitationBasionymType
Cichorium balearicum Cichorium balearicum Porta, Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. 19: 311. 1887. SPAIN: Majorca
Cichorium cicorea Cichorium cicorea Dumortier, Fl. Belg. 64. 1827. BELGIUM
Cichorium glabratum Cichorium glabratum C. Presl, Fl. Sicul. 1: xxxii. 1826. ITALY: Sicily
Cichorium glaucum Cichorium glaucum Hoffmannsegg & Link, Fl. Portug. 2: 178. 1805. PORTUGAL
Cichorium hirsutum Cichorium hirsutum Grenier, Acad. Sci. Besancon Seance Publique 1838: 137. 1838.  
Cichorium intybus subsp. glabratum Cichorium intybus Linnaeus, subsp. glabratum (C. Presl) Wagenitz & Bedarff, in Tan, Davis & Hedge Festschr. 12. 1989.Cichorium glabratum C. Presl 1826. 
Cichorium intybus subsp. glaucum Cichorium intybus Linnaeus, subsp. glaucum (Hoffmannsegg & Link) Tzvelev, CITATION?Cichorium glaucum Hoffmannsegg & Link 1805. 
Cichorium intybus subsp. sativum Cichorium intybus Linnaeus, subsp. sativum Janchen, CITATION?Cichorium intybus Linnaeus, var. sativum Bischoff 1851, non (Stokes) Gaudin 1829. 
Cichorium intybus var. albiflorum Cichorium intybus Linnaeus, var. albiflorum Hagenbach, Tent. Fl. Basil. 2: 284. 1834. SWITZERLAND
Cichorium intybus var. album Cichorium intybus Linnaeus, var. album Alefeld, Landw. Fl. 182. 1866.  
Cichorium intybus var. breve Cichorium intybus Linnaeus, var. breve Alefeld, Landw. Fl. 182. 1866.  
Cichorium intybus var. coeruleum Cichorium intybus Linnaeus, var. coeruleum Alefeld, Landw. Fl. 182. 1866, nom. inadmiss.Cichorium intybus Linnaeus 1753. 
Cichorium intybus var. eglandulosa Cichorium intybus Linnaeus, var. eglandulosa Freyn & Sintenis, Oesterr. Bot. Z. 44: 259. 1894. TURKEY: Kastamonu: Tosya, 1892, Sintenis 4919 (holotype: W?).
Cichorium intybus var. fasciatum Cichorium intybus Linnaeus, var. fasciatum (Stokes) Gaudin, Fl. Helv. 5: 149. 1829.  
Cichorium intybus var. glabratum Cichorium intybus Linnaeus, var. glabratum (C. Presl) Grenier & Godron, Fl. France 2: 286. 1850.Cichorium glabratum C. Presl 1826. 
Cichorium intybus var. liniinum Cichorium intybus Linnaeus, var. liliinum Alefeld, Landw. Fl. 182. 1866.  
Cichorium intybus var. longum Cichorium intybus Linnaeus, var. longum Alefeld, Landw. Fl. 182. 1866.  
Cichorium intybus var. maritimum Cichorium intybus Linnaeus, var. maritimum Freyn, Fl. S.-Istr., Nachtr. 24. 1878.  
Cichorium intybus var. porphyreum Cichorium intybus Linnaeus, var. porphyreum Alefeld, Landw. Fl. 182. 1866.  
Cichorium intybus var. radicosum Cichorium intybus Linnaeus, var. radicosum Alefeld, Landw. Fl. 182. 1866.  
Cichorium intybus var. roseum Cichorium intybus Linnaeus, var. roseum Alefeld, Landw. Fl. 182. 1866.  
Cichorium intybus var. sativum Cichorium intybus Linnaeus, var. sativum Gaudin, Fl. Helv. 5: 149. 1829.Cichorium perenne Stokes, var. sativum Stokes 1812. 
Cichorium intybus var. sativum Cichorium intybus Linnaeus, var. sativum Bischoff, Beitr. Fl. Deutschl. 26. 1851, non (Stokes) Gaudin 1829. GERMANY
Cichorium intybus var. subspicatum Cichorium intybus Linnaeus, var. subspicatum Uechtritz, in Fiek & Uechtritz, Fl. Schliesen 247. 1881.  
Cichorium intybus var. sylvestre Cichorium intybus Linnaeus, var. sylvestre Bischoff, Beitr. Fl. Deutschl. 25. 1851, nom. inadmiss.Cichorium sylvestre Lamarck 1779, nom. illegit.; Cichorium intybus Linnaeus 1753.  
Cichorium perenne Cichorium perenne Stokes, Bot. Mat. Med. 4: 133. 1812, nom. illegit.Cichorium intybus Linnaeus 1753. 
Cichorium perenne var. sativum Cichorium perenne Stokes, var. sativum Stokes, Bot. Mat. Med. 4: 134. 1812.  
Cichorium perenne var. sylvestre Cichorium perenne Stokes, var. sylvestre Stokes, Bot. Mat. Med. 4: 133. 1812, nom. inadmiss.Cichorium perenne Stokes 1812, nom. illegit.; Cichorium intybus Linnaeus 1753. 
Cichorium rigidum Cichorium rigidum Salisbury, Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 183. 1796, nom. illegit.Cichorium intybus Linnaeus 1753. 
Cichorium sylvestre Cichorium sylvestre Lamarck, Fl. Franc. 2: 120. 1779 ("1778"), nom. illegit.Cichorium intybus Linnaeus 1753. 
Cichorium byzantinum Cichorium byzantinum Clementi, Mem. Reale Accad. Sci. Torino, ser. 2. 16: 285. 1855. TURKEY
Cichorium commune Cichorium commune Pallas, Reise Russ. Reich. 3: 655. 1776, nom. illegit.Cichorium intybus Linnaeus 1753. 

Specimens and Distribution

This species has been reported in the following counties by the herbaria listed. An overview of the individual specimens are provided in the table that follows. Click on the accession number to view details; click on column headers to sort; choose a county or herbaria to filter the specimen data.

Counties included on distribution map: Blount, Bullock, Calhoun, Cullman, Dallas, DeKalb, Etowah, Greene, Jackson, Jefferson, Lawrence, Limestone, Lowndes, Madison, Mobile, Monroe, Montgomery, Pickens, Pike, Tallapoosa, Winston

Counties represented by specimen data listed below:

Herbaria represented by specimen data listed below: ALNHS, AMAL, AUA, BRIT, JSU, SAMF, TROY, UNA, UWAL

Range of years during which specimens were collected: 1891 - 1891

Barcode / Accession No. County Coll. Date Collector &
Collection No.		 Herbarium &
Herbarium Name Used		 Image
AMAL00020233 Lowndes 22 May 2013 Barger, T. Wayne
SP#981		 AMAL
Cichorium intybus L.
AMAL00021084 Lawrence 09 Sep 2012 Spaulding, Daniel D.
13572		 AMAL
Cichorium intybus Linnaeus
UWAL0050935 Jefferson 18 May 1984 Barber, J. Patrick
229		 UWAL
Cichorium intybus L.
UWAL0037852 Limestone 04 Jul 2017 Spaulding, Daniel D.
14820		 UWAL
Cichorium intybus L.
UWAL0014857 Bullock 12 Oct 2012 Dykes, Bailee
1411		 UWAL
Cichorium intybus Linnaeus
TROY000034907 Montgomery 17 Jun 2012 Diamond, Alvin R.
23087		 TROY
Cichorium intybus Linnaeus
AMAL00002823 Madison 22 Jun 1997 Threlkeld, Steven J.
1058a		 AMAL
Cichorium intybus L.
JSU105086 DeKalb 26 Jul 1975 Wayner, Gary A.
531		 JSU
Cichorium intybus Linnaeus
AUA000002217 Montgomery 3 Jul 1967 Rankin, H.Taylor
 AUA
Cichorium Intybus L.
BRIT90624 Dallas 29 Jun 2003 Spaulding, Daniel D.
11957		 BRIT
Cichorium intybus Linnaeus
UNA00045588 Mobile 30 Sep 1891 Mohr, Charles
s.n.		 UNA
Cichorium intybus L.
UWAL0010745 Montgomery 17 Jun 2012 Diamond, Alvin R.
23087		 UWAL
Cichorium intybus Linnaeus
AUA000002218 Montgomery 9 Jun 1989 Diamond, Alvin R.
5915		 AUA
Cichorium Intybus L.
JSU105082 Blount 07 Aug 1975 Whetstone, R. David
5933		 JSU
Cichorium intybus Linnaeus
BRIT90623 Jefferson 18 May 1984 Barber, J. Patrick
229		 BRIT
Cichorium intybus Linnaeus
JSU105088 Etowah 04 Jun 1994 Hodge, Lesley M.
1807		 JSU
Cichorium intybus Linnaeus
SAMF0008115 Jefferson 19 Jul 2007 Davenport, L.J.
3746		 SAMF
Cichorium intybus Linnaeus
UNA00062275 Dallas 29 Jun 2003 Spaulding, Daniel D.
11957		 UNA
Cichorium intybus L.
UWAL0012742 Winston 09 Sep 2012 Spaulding, Daniel D.
13564		 UWAL
Cichorium intybus Linnaeus
JSU105083 Blount 07 Aug 1975 Whetstone, R. David
5933		 JSU
Cichorium intybus Linnaeus
JSU105089 Jackson 21 Sep 1997 Spaulding, Daniel D.
10047		 JSU
Cichorium intybus Linnaeus
BRIT90622 Pickens 05 Oct 1972 Kral, Robert
48806		 BRIT
Cichorium intybus Linnaeus
JSU105084 Calhoun 20 Jul 1982 Whetstone, R. David
11475		 JSU
Cichorium intybus Linnaeus
TROY000033040 Pike 08 Jul 2011 Diamond, Alvin R.
22323		 TROY
Cichorium intybus Linnaeus
AMAL00021121 Winston 09 Sep 2012 Spaulding, Daniel D.
13564		 AMAL
Cichorium intybus Linnaeus
TROY000001667 Dallas 29 Jun 2003 Spaulding, Daniel D.
11957		 TROY
Cichorium intybus Linnaeus
UWAL0050934 Jefferson 18 May 1984 Barber, J. Patrick
229		 UWAL
Cichorium intybus L.
AUA000025615 Dallas 7 Jun 2012 Barger, T. Wayne
SP572		 AUA
Cichorium Intybus L.
AMAL00008307 Dallas 29 Jun 2003 Spaulding, Daniel D.
11957		 AMAL
Cichorium intybus L.
ALNHS00002256 Greene 22 May 2013 Barger, T. Wayne
SP#954		 ALNHS
Cichorium intybus L. var. foliosum Hegi
BRIT67380 Jefferson 18 May 1984 Barber, J. Patrick
229		 BRIT
Cichorium intybus Linnaeus
AUA000021839 Tallapoosa 31 May 2006 Hansen, Curtis J.
2236		 AUA
Cichorium Intybus L.
UNA00045589 Mobile _ Aug 1888 Mohr, Charles
s.n.		 UNA
Cichorium intybus L.
JSU105085 Calhoun 20 Jul 1982 Whetstone, R. David
11475		 JSU
Cichorium intybus Linnaeus
TROY000030411 Tallapoosa 31 May 2006 Hansen, Curtis J.
2236		 TROY
Cichorium intybus Linnaeus
JSU105092 Jefferson 13 Jul 1984 Barber, J. Patrick
806		 JSU
Cichorium intybus Linnaeus
TROY000037074 Bullock 12 Oct 2012 Dykes, Bailee
1411		 TROY
Cichorium intybus Linnaeus
ALNHS00001225 Monroe 02 May 2012 Barger, T. Wayne
SP#539		 ALNHS
Cichorium intybus L. var. foliosum Hegi
AUA000038787 Cullman 25 Jul 1914 Wolf, Wolfgang
1535		 AUA
Cichorium Intybus L.
JSU143478 Etowah 26 Jun 1985 Robertson, Norma
005		 JSU
Cichorium intybus Linnaeus
JSU105091 Jefferson 18 May 1984 Barber, J. Patrick
229		 JSU
Cichorium intybus Linnaeus
ALNHS00001197 Lowndes 07 Jun 2012 Barger, T. Wayne
SP#572		 ALNHS
Cichorium intybus L.
UWAL0012638 Lawrence 09 Sep 2012 Spaulding, Daniel D.
13572		 UWAL
Cichorium intybus Linnaeus
JSU105087 Etowah 26 Jun 1985 Robertson, Norma
005		 JSU
Cichorium intybus Linnaeus
JSU105090 Jefferson 18 May 1984 Barber, J. Patrick
229		 JSU
Cichorium intybus Linnaeus
UWAL0008475 Pike 08 Jul 2011 Diamond, Alvin R.
22323		 UWAL
Cichorium intybus Linnaeus
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