Cenchrus echinatus

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Distribution Map: Based on vouchered plant specimens only. View county names by placing the mouse cursor over a particular county.

Species Distribution Map
Family:POACEAE
Species:Cenchrus echinatus L.
Common Name:Southern Sandbur; Hedgehog Grass; Bristly Sandspur
Habitat:**
Associated Ecological Communities:**
Growth Habit:Herb
Duration:Annual
Category:Vascular
USDA Symbol:**
Plant Notes:Southern Sandspur is a native annual grass in the Grass family (Poaceae). It can be found in the southern half of Alabama. Southern Sandspur grows in fields, on beaches, in roadside ditches, in vacant lots, and in other disturbed habitats. It prefers dry, sandy soils. It is an ascending herb, rooting at the nodes. It has a fibrous root system. Stems are from 1-3 feet in length. The leaves are linear, 3-8 inches in length, sparsely pubescent above with papillose based hairs, glabrous below, with scaberulous margins. The leaf sheath is shorter than to as long as the internode and is glabrous except for hairs along the open margin. The ligule is a ring of erect hairs on the light-colored collar. Flowers are produced in spike-like terminal panicles. Flowers are produced in pairs inside of a cup-like involucre. The involucre has an inner and an outer whorl of flattened bristles. The outer bristles are about ½ the length of the inner bristles. The inner bristles are often purplish in color. There are spines between the two whorls of bristles. The spines and bristles are retrorsely barbed. The fruit is a grain. Southern Sandspur can be a serious weed of row crops. The sharp spines and bristles of the involucre can easily puncture flesh.--A. Diamond
Taxonomic Notes:**
Status:Native
References:**

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

FamilyPOACEAE - Grass family
Genus Cenchrus
Species Cenchrus echinatus L. - Southern Sandbur; Hedgehog Grass; Bristly Sandspur

Citation

Citation Cenchrus echinatus Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 1050. 1753.
Basionym: **
Type: Without data, Herb. van Royen s.n. (lectotype: L 912.356-116). Lectotypified by Veldkamp, in C.E. Jarvis et al., Regnum Veg. 127: 31. 1993.

** Not applicable or data not available.

Synonyms

SynonymFull CitationBasionymType
Cenchrus brevisetus Cenchrus brevisetus E. Fournier, Mexic. Pl. 2: 50. 1886. MEXICO: Veracruz: Valle de Orizaba,
Cenchrus cavanillesii Cenchrus cavanillesii Tausch, Flora 20: 97. 1837.  
Cenchrus crinitus Cenchrus crinitus Mez, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 7: 48. 1917. CHILE/COLOMBIA
Cenchrus echinatus var. brevisetus Cenchrus echinatus Linnaeus, var. brevisetus (E. Fournier) Lamson-Scribner, in Millspaugh, Publ. Field Columbian Mus., Bot. Ser. 2: 26. 1900.Cenchrus brevisetus E. Fournier 1886. 
Cenchrus echinatus var. glabratus Cenchrus echinatus Linnaeus, var. glabratus F. Brown, Bernice P. Bishop Mus. Bull. 84: 66. 1931.  
Cenchrus echinatus var. hillebrandianus Cenchrus echinatus Linnaeus, var. hillebrandianus (Hitchcock) F. Brown, Bernice P. Bishop Mus. Bull. 84: 65. 1931.Cenchrus hillebrandianus Hitchcock 1922. 
Cenchrus echinatus var. morisonii Cenchrus echinatus Linnaeus, var. morisonii Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 765. 1891. PUERTO RICO: Guayama, 16 Mar 1874, Kuntze 1521 (holotype: NY).
Cenchrus echinatus var. normalis Cenchrus echinatus Linnaeus, var. normalis Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 765. 1891, nom. inadmiss.Cenchrus echinatus Linnaeus 1753 
Cenchrus echinatus var. pennisetoides Cenchrus echinatus Linnaeus, var. pennisetoides F. Brown, Bernice P. Bishop Mus. Bull. 84: 66. 1931. MARQUESAS ISLANDS: Nukuhiva: Hakaui, 15 Jul 1921, Brown 657 (holotype: ?).
Cenchrus hexaflorus Cenchrus hexaflorus Blanco, Fl. Filip. 36. 1837.  
Cenchrus hillebrandianus Cenchrus hillebrandianus Hitchcock, Mem. Bernice Pauahi Bishop Mus. 8: 211. 1922. HAWAII: Oahu: Waikiki, near Honolulu, 19 Jun 1916, Hitchcock 13801 (holotype: US).
Cenchrus insularis Cenchrus insularis Lamson-Scribner, in Millspaugh, Publ. Field Columbian Mus., Bot. Ser. 2: 26. 1900. MEXICO: Yucatan: Pajaros Island, Alacran Shoals, s.d., Millspaugh 1759 (holotype: F; isotype: US).
Cenchrus pungens Cenchrus pungens Kunth, in Humboldt et al., Nov. Gen. Sp. 1: 115. 1816. ECUADOR ("PERU"): Guayas: Prope Guayaquil, s.d., Humboldt & Bonpland s.n. (holotype: P).
Panicastrella muricata Panicastrella muricata Moench, Methodus 206. 1753, nom. illegit.Cenchrus echinatus Linnaeus 1753. 

Specimens and Distribution

This species has been reported in the following counties by the herbaria listed. An overview of the individual specimens are provided in the table that follows. Click on the accession number to view details; click on column headers to sort; choose a county or herbaria to filter the specimen data.

Counties included on distribution map: Autauga, Baldwin, Barbour, Bullock, Butler, Coffee, Conecuh, Covington, Crenshaw, Dale, Dallas, Escambia, Geneva, Henry, Houston, Lee, Lowndes, Macon, Mobile, Monroe, Montgomery, Pike, Russell

Counties represented by specimen data listed below:

Herbaria represented by specimen data listed below: ALNHS, AUA, JSU, SAMF, TROY, UNA, UWAL

Range of years during which specimens were collected: 1957 - 1957

Barcode / Accession No. County Coll. Date Collector &
Collection No.		 Herbarium &
Herbarium Name Used		 Image
AUA000015685 Henry 13 Aug 1960 Jones, Jr., Samuel B.
255		 AUA
Cenchrus Echinatus L.
SAMF0001276 Dallas 04 Feb 2012 Keener, Brian R.
6838		 SAMF
Cenchrus echinatus Linnaeus
TROY000011744 Coffee 04 Sep 2006 Roberts, Carla
33		 TROY
Cenchrus echinatus Linnaeus
UWAL0042912 Baldwin 27 Aug 2001 Larsen, Harry S.
822		 UWAL
Cenchrus echinatus L.
TROY000011745 Coffee 17 Jul 1999 Martin, Brian H.
93		 TROY
Cenchrus echinatus Linnaeus
AUA000015676 Barbour 5 Oct 1972 Hagan, Jack H.
108		 AUA
Cenchrus Echinatus L.
UNA00065443 Russell 12 Sep 2004 Spaulding, Daniel D.
12168		 UNA
Cenchrus echinatus L.
AUA000015691 Macon 12 Oct 1973 Wright, D.
103		 AUA
Cenchrus Echinatus L.
TROY000011751 Dale 18 Jul 1999 Prazinko, Brian F.
s.n.		 TROY
Cenchrus echinatus Linnaeus
UNA00059471 Autauga 07 Sep 2002 Spaulding, Daniel D.
11547		 UNA
Cenchrus echinatus L.
TROY000011746 Coffee 08 Nov 2002 Shea, Thomas
5		 TROY
Cenchrus echinatus Linnaeus
AUA000015693 Russell 5 Oct 1980 Jackson, Mike
001		 AUA
Cenchrus Echinatus L.
TROY000033097 Escambia 08 Jul 2009 Hansen, Curtis J.
4099		 TROY
Cenchrus echinatus Linnaeus
TROY000029381 Montgomery 08 Sep 2009 Diamond, Alvin R.
20911		 TROY
Cenchrus echinatus Linnaeus
AUA000015680 Crenshaw 26 Nov 1995 Diamond, Alvin R.
10119		 AUA
Cenchrus Echinatus L.
TROY000026534 Montgomery 23 Nov 2007 Diamond, Alvin R.
18680		 TROY
Cenchrus echinatus Linnaeus
AUA000015692 Pike 13 Sep 1994 Diamond, Alvin R.
9382		 AUA
Cenchrus Echinatus L.
UWAL0012589 Covington 19 Sep 2012 Spaulding, Daniel D.
13500		 UWAL
Cenchrus echinatus Linnaeus
TROY000011752 Dale 09 Nov 1999 Pennington, Tiffany
307		 TROY
Cenchrus echinatus Linnaeus
UWAL0047556 Mobile 14 Jul 2009 Barger, T. Wayne
SP#167		 UWAL
Cenchrus echinatus L.
TROY000011743 Coffee 03 Sep 2006 Hendrix, Jake
31		 TROY
Cenchrus echinatus Linnaeus
UNA00003959 Mobile _ Sep 1890 Mohr, Charles
s.n.		 UNA
Cenchrus echinatus L.
TROY000011755 Pike 29 Oct 2004 Diamond, Alvin R.
14860		 TROY
Cenchrus echinatus Linnaeus
TROY000011747 Coffee 22 Oct 2002 Davis, Joe
9		 TROY
Cenchrus echinatus Linnaeus
AUA000015682 Dallas 25 Oct 1987 Diamond, Alvin R.
3739		 AUA
Cenchrus Echinatus L.
TROY000011753 Escambia 12 Nov 2007 Diamond, Alvin R.
18652		 TROY
Cenchrus echinatus Linnaeus
SAMF0001642 Pike 18 Oct 2006 Brown, Chris
s.n.		 SAMF
Cenchrus echinatus Linnaeus
UWAL0012642 Monroe 25 Sep 2012 Spaulding, Daniel D.
13641		 UWAL
Cenchrus echinatus Linnaeus
TROY000011757 Russell 12 Sep 2004 Spaulding, Daniel D.
12168		 TROY
Cenchrus echinatus Linnaeus
TROY000011760 Conecuh 19 Nov 2005 Diamond, Alvin R.
16059		 TROY
Cenchrus echinatus Linnaeus
UWAL0008813 Houston 09 Oct 1994 MacDonald, John R.
7912		 UWAL
Cenchrus echinatus L.
UNA00056344 Coffee 31 Dec 1998 MacDonald, John R.
12494		 UNA
Cenchrus echinatus L.
UWAL0008812 Butler 04 Sep 2008 Diamond, Alvin R.
19883		 UWAL
Cenchrus echinatus L.
AUA000015689 Lee 9 Aug 1960 Jones, Jr., Samuel B.
205		 AUA
Cenchrus Echinatus L.
UWAL0016384 Houston 19 Jun 2014 Diamond, Alvin R.
25223		 UWAL
Cenchrus echinatus Linnaeus
TROY000011750 Dale 13 Jul 1997 Rundell, Hannelore
276		 TROY
Cenchrus echinatus Linnaeus
UWAL0046349 Autauga 05 Oct 2018 Parker, Matthew R.
1821		 UWAL
Cenchrus echinatus Linnaeus
TROY000011748 Covington 05 Nov 2002 Thomason, Kenneth
10		 TROY
Cenchrus echinatus Linnaeus
AUA000015683 Geneva 25 Jul 1969 Moore, Harold D.
415-69		 AUA
Cenchrus Echinatus L.
TROY000011742 Butler 02 Dec 2006 Diamond, Alvin R.
17267		 TROY
Cenchrus echinatus Linnaeus
UWAL0048220 Covington 27 Jul 2012 Hansen, Curtis J.
5708		 UWAL
Cenchrus echinatus L.
TROY000026533 Butler 04 Sep 2008 Diamond, Alvin R.
19883		 TROY
Cenchrus echinatus Linnaeus
AUA000024451 Russell 12 Sep 2004 Spaulding, Daniel D.
12168		 AUA
Cenchrus Echinatus L.
AUA000015688 Lee 24 Jul 1971 Kirkland, D.L.
151		 AUA
Cenchrus Echinatus L.
TROY000029857 Barbour 30 Oct 2004 Dasinger, Keith
10		 TROY
Cenchrus echinatus Linnaeus
TROY000044134 Geneva 10 Nov 2016 Byrd, Cameron
628		 TROY
Cenchrus echinatus Linnaeus
SAMF0001275 Dallas 29 Oct 1988 Anderson, Jan
66		 SAMF
Cenchrus echinatus Linnaeus
UWAL0011483 Bullock 19 Jun 2012 Dykes, Bailee
872		 UWAL
Cenchrus echinatus Linnaeus
TROY000047712 Autauga 07 Sep 2018 Parker, Matthew R.
1776		 TROY
Cenchrus echinatus Linnaeus
TROY000040704 Houston 19 Jun 2014 Diamond, Alvin R.
25223		 TROY
Cenchrus echinatus Linnaeus
AUA000024842 Escambia 8 Jul 2009 Hansen, Curtis J.
4099		 AUA
Cenchrus Echinatus L.
TROY000011756 Pike 12 Oct 2002 Weber, Jenna
3		 TROY
Cenchrus echinatus Linnaeus
JSU107458 Baldwin 02 Sep 1970 Kral, Robert
41035		 JSU
Cenchrus echinatus Linnaeus
AUA000015687 Lee 19 Jul 1966 Rogers, Kenneth
 AUA
Cenchrus Echinatus L.
AUA000015690 Lee 17 Jul 1972 Johnston, W.
136		 AUA
Cenchrus Echinatus L.
TROY000035996 Dallas 04 Feb 2012 Keener, Brian R.
6838		 TROY
Cenchrus echinatus Linnaeus
UWAL0046258 Autauga 07 Sep 2018 Parker, Matthew R.
1776		 UWAL
Cenchrus echinatus Linnaeus
TROY000035345 Bullock 19 Jun 2012 Dykes, Bailee
872		 TROY
Cenchrus echinatus Linnaeus
AUA000015684 Henry 17 Jul 1971 Guthrie, C.D.
140		 AUA
Cenchrus Echinatus L.
UNA00003954 Mobile 11 Aug 1957 Deason, Temd R.
s.n.		 UNA
Cenchrus echinatus L.
AUA000015675 Baldwin 2 Sep 1970 Kral, Robert
41035		 AUA
Cenchrus Echinatus L.
TROY000011754 Geneva 12 Oct 2002 Peters, Aaron
4		 TROY
Cenchrus echinatus Linnaeus
UWAL0039893 Geneva 10 Nov 2016 Byrd, Cameron
628		 UWAL
Cenchrus echinatus Linnaeus
TROY000026372 Autauga 07 Sep 2002 Spaulding, Daniel D.
11547		 TROY
Cenchrus echinatus Linnaeus
ALNHS00006671 Henry 01 Aug 2019 Barger, T. Wayne
SP#4734		 ALNHS
Cenchrus echinatus L.
AUA000028684 Dallas 4 Feb 2012 Keener, Brian R.
6838		 AUA
Cenchrus Echinatus L.
UNA00066609 Butler 02 Dec 2006 Diamond, Alvin R.
17267		 UNA
Cenchrus echinatus L.
ALNHS00001723 Baldwin 05 Nov 2009 Barger, T. Wayne
Perd-666		 ALNHS
Cenchrus echinatus L.
AUA000015678 Conecuh 17 Jul 1969 Weaver, Jimmy
099		 AUA
Cenchrus Echinatus L.
TROY000045096 Autauga 07 Sep 2017 Parker, Matthew R.
1192		 TROY
Cenchrus echinatus Linnaeus
JSU156418 Lee 04 Oct 1973 Bedwell, C.R.
136		 JSU
Cenchrus echinatus Linnaeus
AUA000041425 Covington 27 Jul 2012 Hansen, Curtis J.
5708		 AUA
Cenchrus Echinatus L.
TROY000048321 Autauga 05 Oct 2018 Parker, Matthew R.
1821		 TROY
Cenchrus echinatus Linnaeus
UWAL0049923 Lowndes 16 Aug 2020 Diamond, Alvin R.
29415		 UWAL
Cenchrus echinatus Linnaeus
AUA000015679 Conecuh 9 Nov 1985 Diamond, Alvin R.
1870		 AUA
Cenchrus Echinatus L.
AUA000015681 Crenshaw 30 Oct 1971 Kapa, Milton
110		 AUA
Cenchrus Echinatus L.
UWAL0030936 Henry 06 Aug 1996 Kral, Robert
86425		 UWAL
Cenchrus echinatus L.
UNA00003954 Mobile 11 Aug 1957 Deason, Temd R.
s.n.		 UNA
Cenchrus echinatus L.
AUA000015686 Lee 3 Aug 1967 Teem, David H.
 AUA
Cenchrus Echinatus L.
TROY000050087 Lowndes 16 Aug 2020 Diamond, Alvin R.
29415		 TROY
Cenchrus echinatus Linnaeus
UWAL0046567 Autauga 07 Sep 2017 Parker, Matthew R.
1192		 UWAL
Cenchrus echinatus Linnaeus
TROY000011749 Crenshaw 20 May 1991 Nichols, Grant
12		 TROY
Cenchrus echinatus Linnaeus
UWAL0009772 Dallas 04 Feb 2012 Keener, Brian R.
6838		 UWAL
Cenchrus echinatus L.
AUA000015677 Bullock 5 Sep 1988 Diamond, Alvin R.
5457		 AUA
Cenchrus Echinatus L.
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