Trillium reliquum

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Distribution Map: Based on vouchered plant specimens only. View county names by placing the mouse cursor over a particular county.

Species Distribution Map
Family:MELANTHIACEAE
Species:Trillium reliquum J.D. Freeman
Common Name:Relict Trillium; Confederate Wakerobin
Habitat:**
Associated Ecological Communities:**
Growth Habit:Herb
Duration:Perennial
Category:Vascular
USDA Symbol:**
Plant Notes:Relict Trillium is a native perennial in the Bunchflower family (Melanthiaceae). It can be found in a three east central and southeastern counties in Alabama. Relict Trillium grows in rich hardwood forests, in ravines, and along streams. It is a perennial from a stout rhizome. It has three leaf-like bracts at the apex of a short stem (2-4 inches). The stem is often decumbent or “S” shaped. The bracts are mottled in three colors of green with a silver green stripe down the midrib. The bracts are on or close to the surface of the leaf litter. The bracts are ovate to elliptic in outline, and widest near the middle. The flower is sessile at the center of the bracts. The flowers have a fetid odor. The sepals are often purplish in color and recurved at their tips. The petals are erect, elliptic to oblanceolate in outline, and dark purple in color. The petals often become yellowish-green as they age. The anther dehiscence is introrse (the anthers split along the side towards the interior of the flower). The fruit is a mealy capsule with several seed. The tan seed have a white, oily elaiosome along one side. Relict Trillium is an endangered species and is listed as an S2 species in Alabama (typically 6 to 20 occurrences, few remaining individuals, acres, or miles of stream, or factors demonstrably making it very vulnerable in the state). The common name refers to its distribution. It is found in small, isolated populations from South Carolina across Georgia to east Alabama. It was thought that the plant was at one time more common with a more continuous distribution. Relict Trillium resembles the more common Underwood’s Trillium (Trillium underwoodii Small). Like Underwood’s Trillium, the leaves have three colors of green on them with a silver-green stripe down the midrib. It is also short like Underwood’s Trillium, the leaves easily touching the leaf litter when bend down the stalk. It differs in the shape of the leaf, with those of Relic Trillium being more rounded and wi
Taxonomic Notes:Listed as Federally Endangered as of 4 Apr 1988.
Status:Native, Endangered-US, S2 (State Rank), G3 (Global Rank)
References:Freeman, J.D. 1975. Revision of Trillium Subgenus Phyllantherum (Liliaceae). Brittonia 27: 1-62.
Specimen: View specimen details in the Alabama Herbarium Consortium Specimen Database

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

FamilyMELANTHIACEAE - Bunchflower family
Genus Trillium
Species Trillium reliquum J.D. Freeman - Relict Trillium; Confederate Wakerobin

Citation

Citation Trillium reliquum J.D. Freeman, Brittonia 27(1): 21–24, f. 4–5. 1975.
Basionym: **
Type: USA: GEORGIA: Richmond Co., ry abundant in rich woods on the bluff-slope at mouth of a ravine in E-facing bluff of Savannah R. just above old canal locks, ca. 5 mi above August30 Mar 1968, John D. Freeman 625. (holotype: GH; isotypes: ALU, ASTC, AUA, BKL, BM,CM, DAV, DS, DUKE, F, FLAS, FSU, GA, IA, ILL, ISC, K, KANU, KSC, LAF, LL, MIN, MISSA, MO, NA, NCU, NSC, NY, OKL, OKLA, OS, OSC, OXF, P, PAC, PENN, PH, SIU, SMU, TENN, UARK, UC, US, VDB, WIS, WVA).

** Not applicable or data not available.

Synonyms

No synonyms exist for this species.

Specimens and Distribution

This species has been reported in the following counties by the herbaria listed. An overview of the individual specimens are provided in the table that follows. Click on the accession number to view details; click on column headers to sort; choose a county or herbaria to filter the specimen data.

Counties included on distribution map: Bullock, Henry, Lee

Counties represented by specimen data listed below:

Herbaria represented by specimen data listed below: ALNHS, AMAL, AUA, TROY, UNA, UWAL

Range of years during which specimens were collected: -

Barcode / Accession No. County Coll. Date Collector &
Collection No.		 Herbarium &
Herbarium Name Used		 Image
AUA000000324 Henry 6 Apr 1978 FREEMAN, JOHN D.
968		 AUA
TRILLIUM RELIQUUM J.D. FREEMAN
UWAL0002530 Lee 20 Mar 2003 Brooks, Melissa
s.n.		 UWAL
Trillium reliquum J. D. Freeman
TROY000032340 Bullock 24 Mar 2011 Dykes, Bailee
13		 TROY
Trillium reliquum J.D. Freeman
AUA000000325 Lee 20 Mar 2003 BROOKS, MELISSA
 AUA
TRILLIUM RELIQUUM J.D. FREEMAN
AUA000000313 Bullock 20 Mar 1990 DIAMOND, JR., ALVIN R.
6726		 AUA
TRILLIUM RELIQUUM J.D. FREEMAN
TROY000011290 Bullock 19 Mar 1991 Freeman, John D.
s.n.		 TROY
Trillium reliquum J. D. Freeman
AUA000000316 Bullock 25 Apr 1990 DIAMOND, JR., ALVIN R.
6841		 AUA
TRILLIUM RELIQUUM J.D. FREEMAN
UNA00055776 Lee 27 Mar 2002 Keener, Brian R.
1972		 UNA
Trillium reliquum J.D. Freeman
AUA000000315 Bullock 27 May 1991 DIAMOND, JR., ALVIN R.
7400		 AUA
TRILLIUM RELIQUUM J.D. FREEMAN
AMAL00001232 Lee 27 Mar 2002 Keener, Brian R.
1972		 AMAL
Trillium reliquum J. D. Freeman
AUA000020074 Lee 29 Mar 2006 SCHOTZ, ALFRED
2003		 AUA
TRILLIUM RELIQUUM J.D. FREEMAN
TROY000011292 Lee 20 Mar 2002 Brooks, Melissa
s.n.		 TROY
Trillium reliquum J. D. Freeman
TROY000032339 Bullock 24 Mar 2011 Dykes, Bailee
14		 TROY
Trillium reliquum J.D. Freeman
AUA000000322 Henry 8 Apr 1993 DIAMOND, JR., ALVIN R.
8562		 AUA
TRILLIUM RELIQUUM J.D. FREEMAN
UWAL0002820 Bullock 24 Mar 2011 Dykes, Bailee
12		 UWAL
Trilium reliquum J.D. Freeman
AUA000000317 Bullock 20 Mar 1990 DIAMOND, JR., ALVIN R.
672		 AUA
TRILLIUM RELIQUUM J.D. FREEMAN
ALNHS00001754 Lee 22 Mar 2013 Barger, T. Wayne
SP#900		 ALNHS
Trillium reliquum J.D. Freeman
TROY000030068 Bullock 20 Mar 1990 Diamond, Alvin R.
6731		 TROY
Trillium reliquum J. D. Freeman
UNA00057132 Henry 19 Mar 2000 MacDonald, John R.
13765		 UNA
Trillium reliquum J.D. Freeman
AMAL00001233 Henry 19 Mar 2000 MacDonald, John R.
13765		 AMAL
Trillium reliquum J. D. Freeman
TROY000011289 Bullock 19 Mar 1999 Diamond, Alvin R.
11566		 TROY
Trillium reliquum J. D. Freeman
TROY000011291 Henry 19 Mar 2000 MacDonald, John R.
13765		 TROY
Trillium reliquum J. D. Freeman
UWAL0002821 Bullock 01 Apr 2011 Dykes, Bailee
15		 UWAL
Trilium reliquum J.D. Freeman
AUA000000318 Bullock 2 Mar 1990 DIAMOND, JR., ALVIN R.
6672		 AUA
TRILLIUM RELIQUUM J.D. FREEMAN
TROY000032341 Bullock 01 Apr 2011 Dykes, Bailee
15		 TROY
Trillium reliquum J.D. Freeman
AUA000000321 Henry 13 Feb 1992 DIAMOND, JR., ALVIN R.
7890		 AUA
TRILLIUM RELIQUUM J.D. FREEMAN
AUA000000323 Henry 1 Apr 1992 DIAMOND, JR., ALVIN R.
8050		 AUA
TRILLIUM RELIQUUM J.D. FREEMAN
AUA000000312 Bullock 20 Mar 1990 DIAMOND, JR., ALVIN R.
6739		 AUA
TRILLIUM RELIQUUM J.D. FREEMAN
ALNHS00006450 Henry 03 Apr 2019 Barger, T. Wayne
SP#4309		 ALNHS
Trillium reliquum J.D. Freeman
TROY000032336 Bullock 24 Mar 2011 Dykes, Bailee
12		 TROY
Trillium reliquum J.D. Freeman
AMAL00001231 Lee 30 Mar 2001 Threlkeld, Steven J.
AMAL
Trillium reliquum J. D. Freeman
AMAL00023698 Lee 25 Mar 2001 Soehren, Eric C.
92		 AMAL
Trillium reliquum J.D. Freeman
TROY000033045 Bullock 26 Apr 2011 Dykes, Bailee
21		 TROY
Trillium reliquum J.D. Freeman
AUA000000319 Bullock 20 Mar 1990 DIAMOND, JR., ALVIN R.
6731		 AUA
TRILLIUM RELIQUUM J.D. FREEMAN
UWAL0002819 Bullock 24 Mar 2011 Dykes, Bailee
13		 UWAL
Trilium reliquum J.D. Freeman
AUA000000314 Bullock 22 Apr 1989 DIAMOND, JR., ALVIN R.
5844		 AUA
TRILLIUM RELIQUUM J.D. FREEMAN
AUA000000320 Henry 28 Mar 1988 ALLISON, JAMES R.
3046		 AUA
TRILLIUM RELIQUUM J.D. FREEMAN
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