Verbena officinalis

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Distribution Map: Based on vouchered plant specimens only. View county names by placing the mouse cursor over a particular county.

Species Distribution Map
Family:VERBENACEAE
Species:Verbena officinalis L.
Common Name:European Vervain; Juno's Tears; Herb of the Cross
Habitat:**
Associated Ecological Communities:**
Growth Habit:Herb
Duration:Annual
Category:Vascular
USDA Symbol:VEOF
Plant Notes:**
Taxonomic Notes:**
Status:Not Native, FACU- (NWI)
References:**
Specimen: View specimen details in the Alabama Herbarium Consortium Specimen Database

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

FamilyVERBENACEAE - Verbena family
Genus Verbena
Species Verbena officinalis L. - European Vervain; Juno's Tears; Herb of the Cross

Citation

Citation Verbena officinalis Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 20–21. 1753.
Basionym: **
Type: Without data, Herb. Clifford 11(Verbena 6) (lectotype: BM). Lectotypified by Verdcourt, in C.E. Jarvis et al., Regnum Veg. 127: 98. 1993.

** Not applicable or data not available.

Synonyms

SynonymFull CitationBasionymType
Verbena macrostachya Verbena macrostachya F. Mueller, Fragm. 1: 60. 1858. AUSTRALIA: Queensland: Leichardt, Peak Downs, 1856, Mueller s.n. (lectotype: MEL; isolectotypes: GH, K, M). Lectotypified by P. W. Michael, Telopea 7: 294. 1997.
Verbena officinalis var. albiflora Verbena officinalis Linnaeus, var. albiflora Strobl, Oesterr. Bot. Z. 33: 406. 1883. ITALY
Verbena officinalis var. anarrhinoides Verbena officinalis Linnaeus, var. anarrhinoides Murr, Allg. Bot. Z. 14: 19. 1908. AUSTRIA
Verbena officinalis var. brachyantha Verbena officinalis Linnaeus, var. brachyantha Murr, Allg. Bot. Z. 16: 187. 1910. AUSTRIA
Verbena officinalis var. eremicola Verbena officinalis Linnaeus, var. eremicola Munir, J. Adelaide Bot. Gard. 20: 88. 2002. AUSTRALIA: South Australia: 5 km ENE of Karawinni waterhole, 17 Aug 1975, Weber 4543 (holotype: AD).
Verbena officinalis var. genuina Verbena officinalis Linnaeus, var. genuina Briquet, Annuaire Conserv. & Jard. Bot. Gèneve 10: 105. 1907, nom. inadmiss.Verbena officinalis Linnaeus 1753. 
Verbena officinalis var. grandiflora Verbena officinalis Linnaeus, var. grandiflora Haussknecht, Mitth. Thüring. Bot. Vereins, ser. 2. 10: 65. 1897. GREECE: Below Mt. Pindi, aroun Korona Monastery, 20-28 Jun 1885, Haussknecht s.n. (holotype: JE).
Verbena officinalis var. macrostachya Verbena officinalis Linnaeus, var. macrostachya (F. Mueller) Bentham, Fl. Austral. 5: 36. 1870.Verbena macrostachya F. Mueller 1858. 
Verbena officinalis var. prostrata Verbena officinalis Linnaeus, var. prostrata Grenier & Godron, Fl. France 2: 718. 1853. FRANCE
Verbena officinalis var. ramosa Verbena officinalis Linnaeus, var. ramosa H. Léveillé, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 10: 440. 1912. CHINA: Guizhou: Kouy-Yang, Lan-Men-Ouay, 16 Jul 1898, Bodinier 2412 (holotype: E).
Verbena officinalis var. resedifolia Verbena officinalis Linnaeus, var. resedifolia Murr, Deutsche Bot. Monatsschr. 20: 52. 1902. ITALY
Verbena officinalis var. spuria Verbena officinalis Linnaeus, var. spuria (Linnaeus) Hooker, Companion Bot. Mag. 1: 176. 1836.Verbena spuria Linnaeus 1753. 
Verbena officinalis var. vulgaris Verbena officinalis Linnaeus, var. vulgaris Schauer, in Martius, Fl. Bras. 9: 191. 1851, nom. inadmiss.Verbena officinalis Linnaeus 1753. 
Verbena riparia Verbena riparia Rafinesque ex Small & A. Heller, Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 3: 12. 1892. NORTH CAROLINA: Caldwell Co.: Along the John's River near Globe, 3 Jul 1891, Small & Heller s.n. (lectotype: NY; isolectotype: MO). Lectotypified by Moldenke, Phytologia 11: 101. 1964.
Verbena rumelica Verbena rumelica Velenovsky, Fl. Bulg. 441. 1891. BULGARIA
Verbena spuria Verbena spuria Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 20. 1753. VIRGINIA: Without data, Clayton 431 (neotype: BM). Neotypified by G. L. Nesom, Phytoneuron 2010(16): 1. 2010.
Verbena urticifolia var. riparia Verbena urticifolia Linnarus, var. riparia (Rafinesque ex Small & A. Heller) Britton, Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 5: 276. 1894.Verbena riparia Rafinesque ex Small & A. Heller 1892. 
Verbena vulgaris Verbena vulgaris Bubani, Fl. Pyren. 1: 378. 1897, nom. illegit.Verbena officinalis Linnaeus 1753. 

Specimens and Distribution

This species has been reported in the following counties by the herbaria listed. An overview of the individual specimens are provided in the table that follows. Click on the accession number to view details; click on column headers to sort; choose a county or herbaria to filter the specimen data.

Counties included on distribution map: Autauga, Baldwin, Barbour, Chambers, Chilton, Crenshaw, Lee, Mobile, Montgomery, Russell

Counties represented by specimen data listed below:

Herbaria represented by specimen data listed below: AUA, TROY, UNA, USAM

Range of years during which specimens were collected: 1883 - 1955

Barcode / Accession No. County Coll. Date Collector &
Collection No.		 Herbarium &
Herbarium Name Used		 Image
AUA_ACC_10715 Lee 8 May 1963 Breedlove, Iii, B.W.
 AUA
Verbena Officinalis L.
AUA_ACC_12844 Chambers 24 Apr 1967 Golden, Michael
53		 AUA
Verbena Officinalis L.
AUA_ACC_4069 Lee 1950 Orr, William P.
 AUA
Verbena Officinalis L.
AUA000032731 Lee 5 Sep 1963 Hayes, A.W.
 AUA
Verbena Officinalis L.
UNA00039834 Mobile 09 Oct 1883 Mohr, Charles
s.n.		 UNA
Verbena officinalis L.
AUA_ACC_19772 Baldwin 3 May 1969 Moore, Harold D.
166-69		 AUA
Verbena Officinalis L.
USAM000015193 Baldwin 15 Jun 1975 LeLong, Michel G.
7848		 USAM
Verbena officinalis Linnaeus
AUA_ACC_4063 Lee 15 Apr 1949 Waters, R.E.
 AUA
Verbena Officinalis L.
TROY000030989 Montgomery 15 Jul 1967 Koelling, A.C.
s.n.		 TROY
Verbena officinalis Linnaeus
AUA_ACC_8412 Crenshaw 30 Apr 1965 Gamble, Tom
53		 AUA
Verbena Officinalis L.
USAM000015191 Mobile 12 May 1971 LeLong, Michel G.
4507		 USAM
Verbena officinalis Linnaeus
AUA_ACC_59118 Autauga 29 Aug 2000 Hansen, Curtis J.
2000-45		 AUA
Verbena Officinalis L.
AUA_ACC_60895 Montgomery 15 Jul 1967 Rankin, H.Taylor
 AUA
Verbena Officinalis L.
AUA_ACC_65484 Baldwin 11 May 2005 Hansen, Curtis J.
1762		 AUA
Verbena Officinalis L.
USAM000015192 Mobile 12 May 1978 LeLong, Michel G.
10151		 USAM
Verbena officinalis Linnaeus
AUA_ACC_34362 Chilton 29 Jun 1977 Sessler, Ann H.
1675		 AUA
Verbena Officinalis L.
AUA_ACC_19295 Autauga 10 Jul 1970 Moore, Harold D.
330		 AUA
Verbena Officinalis L.
UNA00039835 Mobile _ May 1878 Mohr, Charles
s.n.		 UNA
Verbena officinalis L.
AUA_ACC_23941 Russell 10 Aug 1971 Anderson, Robert
168		 AUA
Verbena Officinalis L.
AUA_ACC_17183 Montgomery 14 Jul 1969 Owens, James R.
 AUA
Verbena Officinalis L.
AUA_ACC_4054 Lee Jun 1950 Davis, Donald E.
 AUA
Verbena Officinalis L.
UNA00039836 Barbour 13 Aug 1955 Harper, Roland M.
4333		 UNA
Verbena officinalis L.
AUA_ACC_4070 Lee 27 Apr 1950 Orr, William P.
 AUA
Verbena Officinalis L.
AUA_ACC_4064 Lee 28 Apr 1949 Cunningham, Hugh B.
 AUA
Verbena Officinalis L.
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