Centella asiatica

Family:APIACEAE
Species:Centella asiatica (L.) Urb.
Common Name:Stiff Spadeleaf; Coinleaf; Erect Spadeleaf
Habitat:Wet ditches, margins of ponds, low grassy areas such as lawns and roadsides.
Associated Ecological Communities:**
Growth Habit:Herb
Duration:Perennial
Category:Vascular
USDA Symbol:**
Plant Notes:Stiff Spadeleaf is a native herbaceous perennial in the Carrot family (Apiaceae). It is native to the southeastern United States, Central America, the Indian subcontinent, and portions of Southeast Asia. In Alabama it can be found in the southern third of the state. Stiff Spadeleaf occurs in bogs, in wet ditches, around the margins of ponds, and in wet lawns. It is a perennial with a long creeping stolon, rooting at the nodes. Leaves are clustered at the nodes, petiolate, reniform in outline, glabrous or pubescent, with dentate margins. The leaves are held stiffly erect. Flowers are produced in umbels of 2-6 flowers. Individual flowers lack sepals, but are partly enclosed in 2 bracts. Each flower has 5-6 triangular greenish white petals. The fruit is schizocarp consisting of 2 mericarps. The mericarps are flattened with 7-9 ribs. Stiff Spadeleaf is used in herbal medicine under the name Gota Kola. It is also eaten in many Asian counties either raw or cooked. Stiff Spadeleaf is a somewhat weedy species and is not usually available from native plant nurseries. Some nurseries that sell herbal plants occasionally carry it. It prefers a loamy or sandy soil that is moist or wet, and full sunlight. Any rooted section of the plant can be used for propagation.--A. Diamond
Taxonomic Notes:**
Status:Native, FACW (DEP), FACW (NWI), T (WAP)
References:**
Specimen: View specimen details in the Alabama Herbarium Consortium Specimen Database

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

FamilyAPIACEAE - Carrot/Parsley family
Genus Centella
Species Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. - Stiff Spadeleaf; Coinleaf; Erect Spadeleaf

Citation

Citation Centella asiatica (Linnaeus) Urban, Fl. Bras. 11(1): 287. 1879.
Basionym: Hydrocotyle asiatica L. 1753.
Type: INDIA: Without data (lectotype: LINN 332.5). Lectotypified by Townsend, in Polhill, Fl. Trop. E. Afr., Umbelliferae 15. 1989.

** Not applicable or data not available.

Synonyms

SynonymFull CitationBasionymType
Centella asiatica var. floridana Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 7: 30. 1900.Hydrocotyle asiatica Linnaeus, var. floridana J. M. Coulter & Rose 1888. 
Centella erecta Centella erecta (Linnaeus f.) Fernald, Rhodora 42: 295. 1940.Hydrocotyle erecta Linnaeus f. 1782 
Centella repanda Centella repanda (Persoon) Small, Fl. S.E. U.S. 859, 1336. 1903.Hydrocotyle repanda Persoon 1805; Hydrocotyle ficaroides Michaux 1803, non Lamarck 1789. 
Hydrcotyle erecta    

Specimens and Distribution

This species has been reported in the following counties by the herbaria listed. An overview of the individual specimens are provided in the table that follows. Click on the accession number to view details; click on column headers to sort; choose a county or herbaria to filter the specimen data.

Counties included on distribution map: Baldwin, Barbour, Bullock, Butler, Conecuh, Covington, Crenshaw, Dale, Elmore, Escambia, Geneva, Houston, Mobile, Monroe, Pike, Washington

Counties represented by specimen data listed below:

Herbaria represented by specimen data listed below: ALNHS, AMAL, AUA, BRIT, JSU, TROY, UNA, UNAF, USAM, UWAL

Range of years during which specimens were collected: 1950 - 1998

Barcode / Accession No. County Coll. Date Collector &
Collection No.
Herbarium &
Herbarium Name Used
Image
AMAL00013536 Baldwin 07 Jun 2006 Spaulding, Daniel D.
12468
AMAL
Centella erecta (L.F.) Fern.
UNA00037069 Mobile 01 May 1965 Deramus, Rebecca
D431
UNA
Centella asiatica (L.) Urban
TROY000034812 Washington 09 Jun 2008 Spaulding, Daniel D.
12928
TROY
Centella erecta (Linnaeus f.) Fernald
AUA000038639 Baldwin 22 Jul 1927 Wolf, Wolfgang
AUA
Centella Asiatica (L.) Urban
AUA000028068 Pike 27 Sep 1995 Diamond, Alvin R.
9990
AUA
Centella Asiatica (L.) Urban
UWAL0008083 Conecuh 09 Jul 2011 Diamond, Alvin R.
22324
UWAL
Centella erecta (Linnaeus) Fernald
JSU117356 Houston 22 Jun 1984 Whetstone, R. David
14210
JSU
Centella erecta (Linnaeus f.) Fernald
TROY000044213 Houston 21 Jul 2016 Diamond, Alvin R.
27568
TROY
Centella asiatica (Linnaeus) Urban
BRIT69216 Washington 10 Aug 1992 Kral, Robert
81301B
BRIT
Centella asiatica (Linnaeus) Urban
JSU139559 Mobile 28 Mar 1993 Spaulding, Daniel D.
3419
JSU
Centella erecta (Linnaeus f.) Fernald
USAM000001103 Mobile 14 May 1979 LeLong, Michel G.
10803
USAM
Centella asiatica (Linnaeus) Urban in C. F. P. von Martius et al.
BRIT69307 Covington 20 Aug 1981 Kral, Robert
67804
BRIT
Centella asiatica (Linnaeus) Urban
AUA000028067 Escambia 8 Aug 1987 Diamond, Alvin R.
3470
AUA
Centella Asiatica (L.) Urban
UWAL0037426 Bullock 17 Jun 2016 Soehren, Eric C.
318
UWAL
Centella asiaica (L.) Urb.
USAM000001104 Mobile 08 Jun 1967 LeLong, Michel G.
3247
USAM
Centella asiatica (Linnaeus) Urban in C. F. P. von Martius et al.
UNA00037068 Houston 11 Jul 1978 Haynes, Robert R.
6666
UNA
Centella asiatica (L.) Urban
UWAL0034422 Conecuh 18 Sep 1993 Kral, Robert
83323
UWAL
Centella asiatica (L.) Urb.
BRIT69310 Barbour 12 May 1999 Kral, Robert
66376
BRIT
Centella asiatica (Linnaeus) Urban
AUA000028063 Baldwin 27 Jul 1968 Scarsbrook, Ellen
AUA
Centella Asiatica (L.) Urban
TROY000014441 Bullock 17 Jun 2008 Diamond, Alvin R.
19431
TROY
Centella erecta (Linnaeus f.) Fernald
TROY000029855 Butler 06 Oct 2007 Diamond, Alvin R.
18482
TROY
Centella erecta (Linnaeus f.) Fernald
AUA000028070 Escambia 17 Jul 1964 Boyd, C.E.
AUA
Centella Erecta (L. F.) Fern.
UNA00037083 Mobile _ Jun 1878 Mohr, Charles
s.n.
UNA
Centella asiatica (L.) Urban
UWAL0035601 Mobile 24 May 2014 Horne, Howard E.
2556
UWAL
Centella asiatica (Linnaeus) Urban
UWAL0017088 Baldwin 18 May 2014 Keener, Brian R.
8425
UWAL
Centella asiatica (L.) Urban
UWAL0044125 Baldwin 22 Jul 2000 Larsen, Harry S.
417
UWAL
Centella asiatica (L.) Urb.
AMAL00015368 Baldwin 19 Jul 2007 Spaulding, Daniel D.
127716
AMAL
Centella erecta (L.F.) Fern.
UWAL0050563 Elmore 03 Sep 2018 Spaulding, Daniel D.
15650
UWAL
Centella erecta (L.f.) Fern.
AUA000028069 Covington 20 Jun 2008 Hansen, Curtis J.
3365
AUA
Centella Erecta (L. F.) Fern.
TROY000032387 Conecuh 09 Jul 2011 Diamond, Alvin R.
22324
TROY
Centella erecta (Linnaeus f.) Fernald
UWAL0002368 Washington 09 Jun 2008 Spaulding, Daniel D.
12928
UWAL
Centella erecta (L. f.) Fern.
UNA00037073 Mobile 02 Jun 1978 Haynes, Robert R.
6542
UNA
Centella asiatica (L.) Urban
BRIT69214 Geneva 06 Jun 1998 MacDonald, John R.
11376
BRIT
Centella asiatica (Linnaeus) Urban
BRIT69217 Washington 14 Jul 1969 Kral, Robert
35558
BRIT
Centella asiatica (Linnaeus) Urban
BRIT69308 Covington 09 Jun 2002 Diamond, Alvin R.
13270
BRIT
Centella asiatica (Linnaeus) Urban
UNAF0000304 Baldwin 31 Jul 1964 Tyler, Anne
s.n.
UNAF
Centella asiatica (Linnaeus) Urban
UNA00037088 Covington 07 Aug 1979 Davenport, Lawrence J.
1499
UNA
Centella asiatica (L.) Urban
TROY000000924 Covington 09 Jun 2002 Diamond, Alvin R.
13270
TROY
Centella erecta (Linnaeus f.) Fernald
BRIT69215 Monroe 07 Jun 1968 Kral, Robert
31277
BRIT
Centella asiatica (Linnaeus) Urban
UNA00050748 Geneva 06 Jun 1998 MacDonald, John R.
11376
UNA
Centella asiatica (L.) Urban
UNAF0000303 Baldwin 12 Jul 1977 Bentley, Gerald
s.n.
UNAF
Centella asiatica (Linnaeus) Urban
TROY000020871 Baldwin 13 Sep 2008 England, J. Kevin
1126
TROY
Centella erecta (Linnaeus f.) Fernald
BRIT69309 Conecuh 18 Sep 1993 Kral, Robert
83323
BRIT
Centella asiatica (Linnaeus) Urban
UNA00037078 Mobile s.d. Mohr, Charles
s.n.
UNA
Centella asiatica (L.) Urban
AMAL00013829 Covington 20 Aug 1981 Kral, Robert
67704
AMAL
Centella erecta (L.F.) Fern.
UNA00037064 Geneva 12 Jul 1978 Davenport, Lawrence J.
560
UNA
Centella asiatica (L.) Urban
TROY000000925 Dale 15 Sep 2000 Woods, Michael
8226
TROY
Centella erecta (Linnaeus f.) Fernald
TROY000042835 Houston 30 Jul 2015 Diamond, Alvin R.
26670
TROY
Centella asiatica (Linnaeus) Urban in C. F. P. von Martius et al.
AUA000028065 Covington 3 Oct 1987 Diamond, Alvin R.
3695
AUA
Centella Asiatica (L.) Urban
AUA000028064 Butler 26 Jun 1987 Diamond, Alvin R.
3399
AUA
Centella Asiatica (L.) Urban
AUA000028066 Crenshaw 8 Aug 1989 Diamond, Alvin R.
6236
AUA
Centella Asiatica (L.) Urban
USAM000001101 Mobile 21 May 1968 LeLong, Michel G.
4604
USAM
Centella asiatica (Linnaeus) Urban in C. F. P. von Martius et al.
AMAL00009753 Washington 09 Jun 2008 Spaulding, Daniel D.
12928
AMAL
Centella erecta (L.F.) Fern.
ALNHS00004226 Baldwin 15 Jun 2016 Barger, T. Wayne
SP#2621
ALNHS
Centella asiatica (L.) Urban
UNA00037084 Mobile 23 Apr 1950 Crawford, Lloyd C.
1002
UNA
Centella asiatica (L.) Urban
USAM000001102 Mobile 30 Apr 1968 Scott, D.L.
145
USAM
Centella asiatica (Linnaeus) Urban in C. F. P. von Martius et al.
UWAL0015375 Baldwin 06 Jun 2014 England, J. Kevin
4914
UWAL
Centella asiatica (Linnaeus) Urban in C. F. P. von Martius et al.
UWAL0000120 Baldwin 13 Sep 2008 England, J. Kevin
1126
UWAL
Centella erecta (L. f.) Fern.
UWAL0000121 Butler 06 Oct 2007 Diamond, Alvin R.
18482
UWAL
Centella erecta (L. f.) Fern.
JSU117355 Houston 22 Jun 1984 Whetstone, R. David
14232
JSU
Centella erecta (Linnaeus f.) Fernald
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