Physocarpus opulifolius

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Distribution Map: Based on vouchered plant specimens only. View county names by placing the mouse cursor over a particular county.

Species Distribution Map
Family:ROSACEAE
Species:Physocarpus opulifolius (L.) Maxim.
Common Name:Atlantic Ninebark; Eastern Ninebark; Opulaster
Habitat:Valleys and river edges.
Associated Ecological Communities:**
Growth Habit:Shrub
Duration:Perennial
Category:Vascular
USDA Symbol:PHOP
Plant Notes:Ninebark is a native deciduous shrub in the Rose family (Rosaceae). It can be found throughout most of Alabama. Ninebark is typically found along streams or on rocky hillsides in full or partial sun. Its spreading stems can reach 8 feet in height, though they are more typically around 6 feet. The common name Ninebark refers to the exfoliating bark on older stems. The bark peels in curling strips revealing the reddish-brown inner bark. These curling strips often resemble the number “9”. Leaves are petiolate, alternate, ovate to obovate in outline, 3-5 lobed, with serrate margins. Leaves are glabrous above and glabrous or slightly pubescent below. Flowers are produced in 30-50 flowered hemispheric racemes on short side shoots along the main stems. Each flower has 5 white petals. The fruit is an inflated follicle. The common name “Alabama Bridal Wreath” is in reference to the flowers which resemble those of the closely related non-native Bridal Wreaths in the genus Spiraea. Ninebark is a fast-growing shrub that thrives under many soil and moisture conditions. Best flowering occurs on plants in full or partial sun. Older Ninebark stems can be removed to promote new growth and rejuvenate the plant. Plants can be grown from seed or cuttings. Many horticultural varieties have been developed including 'Nanus' which only reaches 2 feet in height; 'Dart's Gold' and 'Nugget' with yellowish foliage; and 'Monlo' with dark purple foliage.—A. Diamond.
Taxonomic Notes:**
Status:Native, FAC- (NWI), G5 (Global Rank)
References:**
Specimen: View specimen details in the Alabama Herbarium Consortium Specimen Database

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

FamilyROSACEAE - Rose family
Genus Physocarpus
Species Physocarpus opulifolius (L.) Maxim. - Atlantic Ninebark; Eastern Ninebark; Opulaster

Citation

Citation Physocarpus opulifolius (Linnaeus) Maximowicz, Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 6(1): 220. 1879.
Basionym: Spiraea opulifolia L. 1753.
Type: Without data, Kalm s.n. (lectotype: LINN 651.12). Lectotypified by Wijnands, Bot. Commelins 183. 1983.

** Not applicable or data not available.

Synonyms

SynonymFull CitationBasionymType
Neillia opulifolia Neillia opulifolia (Linnaeus) W. H. Brewer & S. Watson, in S. Watson, Bot. Calif. 1: 171. 1876.Spiraea opulifolia Linnaeus 1753. 
Neillia opulifolia var. ferruginea Neillia opulifolia (Linnaeus) W. H. Brewer & S. Watson, var. ferruginea (Nuttall ex Torrey & A. Gray) S. Watson, Bibl. Index. N. Amer. Bot. 290. 1878.Spiraea opulifolia Linnaeus, var. ferruginea Nuttall ex Torrey & A. Gray 1840. 
Neillia stellata Neillia stellata (Rydberg ex Small) Bean, Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1934: 224. 1934.Opulaster stellatus Rydberg ex Small 1903; Spiraea opulifolia Linnaeus, var. ferruginea Nuttall ex Torrey & A. Gray 1840. 
Opulaster bullatus Opulaster bullatus Medikus, Beytr. Pfl.-Anat. 109;. 1799, nom. illegit.Spiraea opulifolia Linnaeus 1753. 
Opulaster opulifolius var. typicus Opulaster opulifolius (Linnaeus) Kuntze, var. typicus C. K. Schneider, Handb. Laubholzk. 1: 442. 1904, nom. inadmiss.Opulaster opulifolius (Linnaeus) Kuntze 1891; Spiraea opulifolia Linnaeus 1753. 
Opulaster alabamensis Opulaster alabamensis Rydberg, in Britton, N. Amer. Fl. 22: 243. 1908. ALABAMA: Lee Co.: Auburn, 5 Jun 1897, Earle & Baker s.n. (holotype: NY).
Opulaster australis Opulaster australis Rydberg, in Britton, N. Amer. Fl. 22: 242. 1908. NORTH CAROLINA: Stone Mountain, 1891, Small & Heller 256 (holotype: NY).
Opulaster opulifolius Opulaster opulifolius (Linnaeus) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 949. 1891.Spiraea opulifolia Linnaeus 1753. 
Opulaster stellatus Opulaster stellatus Rydberg ex Small, Fl. S.E. U.S. 513. 1903.Spiraea opulifolia Linnaeus, var. ferruginea Nuttall ex Torrey & A. Gray 1840. 
Physocarpa opulifolia Physocarpa opulifolia Rafinesque, New Fl. 3: 73. 1838 ("1836"), nom. rej.  
Physocarpus australis Physocarpus australis (Rydberg) Rehder, J. Arnold Arbor. 1: 256. 1920.Opulaster australis Rydberg 1908. 
Physocarpus ferrugineus Physocarpus ferrugineus (Nuttall ex Torrey & A. Gray) Daniels, Univ. Missouri Stud., Sci. Ser. 1: 291. 1907, nom. illegit.Opulaster stellatus Rydberg ex Small 1903; Spiraea opulifolia Linnaeus, var. ferruginea Nuttall ex Torrey & A. Gray 1840. 
Physocarpus michiganensis Physocarpus michiganensis Daniels, Univ. Missouri Stud., Sci. Ser. 1: 291. 1907. MICHIGAN
Physocarpus opulifolius var. ferrugineus Physocarpus opulifolius (Linnaeus) Maximowicz, var. ferrugineus (Nuttall ex Torrey & A. Gray) Chapman, Fl. South. U.S., ed. 3. 132. 1897.Spiraea opulifolia Linnaeus, var. ferruginea Nuttall ex Torrey & A. Gray 1840. 
Physocarpus stellatus Physocarpus stellatus (Rydberg ex Small) Rehder, J. Arnold Arbor. 1: 256. 1920.Opulaster stellatus Rydberg ex Small 1903; Spiraea opulifolia Linnaeus, var. ferruginea Nuttall ex Torrey & A. Gray 1840. 
Spiraea opulifolia Spiraea opulifolia Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 489. 1753. Without data, Kalm s.n. (lectotype: LINN 651.12). Lectotypified by Wijnands, Bot. Commelins 183. 1983.
Spiraea opulifolia var. ferruginea Spiraea opulifolia Linnaeus, var. ferruginea Nuttall ex Torrey & A. Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1: 414. 1840. ALABAMA/FLORIDA/GEORGIA:

Specimens and Distribution

This species has been reported in the following counties by the herbaria listed. An overview of the individual specimens are provided in the table that follows. Click on the accession number to view details; click on column headers to sort; choose a county or herbaria to filter the specimen data.

Counties included on distribution map: Bibb, Blount, Calhoun, Cherokee, Clay, Conecuh, Covington, Crenshaw, DeKalb, Jefferson, Lauderdale, Lee, Madison, Marshall, Pike, Shelby, Talladega

Counties represented by specimen data listed below:

Herbaria represented by specimen data listed below: ALNHS, AUA, JSU, SAMF, TROY, UNA, UWAL

Range of years during which specimens were collected: 1893 - 1987

Barcode / Accession No. County Coll. Date Collector &
Collection No.		 Herbarium &
Herbarium Name Used		 Image
UNA00015348 DeKalb 14 Jul 1949 Harvill, Jr., A.M.
5303		 UNA
Physocarpus opulifolius (L.) Maxim.
JSU130762 Jefferson 23 May 1985 Barber, J. Patrick
1578		 JSU
Physocarpus opulifolius (Linnaeus) Maximowicz
SAMF0002013 Bibb 01 May 2008 Davenport, Lawrence J.
3813		 SAMF
Physocarpus opulifolius (Linnaeus) Maximowicz
AUA000023326 Crenshaw 8 May 2004 Diamond, Alvin R.
14377		 AUA
Physocarpus Opulifolius (L.) Maxim.
AUA000023332 Lee 2 Jul 1966 Wagle, Carl
S.N.		 AUA
Physocarpus Opulifolius (L.) Maxim.
AUA000023322 Crenshaw 23 Apr 1990 Diamond, Alvin R.
6837		 AUA
Physocarpus Opulifolius (L.) Maxim.
AUA000023330 Lee 29 May 1964 Stritikus, G.R.
S.N.		 AUA
Physocarpus Opulifolius (L.) Maxim. Var. Opulifolius
TROY000022725 Covington 09 Nov 2008 Diamond, Alvin R.
20438		 TROY
Physocarpus opulifolius (Linnaeus) Maximowicz
AUA000023325 Crenshaw 28 Aug 1993 Diamond, Alvin R.
8749		 AUA
Physocarpus Opulifolius (L.) Maxim.
UNA00015352 Lauderdale 24 Apr 1893 Wilson, M.C.
s.n.		 UNA
Physocarpus opulifolius (L.) Maxim.
UNA00073810 Bibb 10 Jun 2015 Davenport, L.J.
5877		 UNA
Physocarpus opulifolius (L.) Maxim.
UNA00059453 Madison 15 Jun 1996 Threlkeld, S.J.
640		 UNA
Physocarpus opulifolius (L.) Maxim.
AUA000023337 Shelby 15 Jun 1993 Diamond, Alvin R.
8674		 AUA
Physocarpus Opulifolius (L.) Maxim.
JSU130756 Cherokee 19 Apr 2000 Spaulding, Daniel D.
10738		 JSU
Physocarpus opulifolius (Linnaeus) Maximowicz
JSU130761 DeKalb 22 Jun 1968 Landers, Kenneth E.
s.n.		 JSU
Physocarpus opulifolius (Linnaeus) Maximowicz
AUA000023334 Lee 5 Jul 1961 Carroll, J.
S.N.		 AUA
Physocarpus Opulifolius (L.) Maxim.
UNA00057752 Bibb 13 Jun 1992 Allison, James R.
6711		 UNA
Physocarpus opulifolius (L.) Maxim.
JSU130760 DeKalb 14 Jul 1966 Clark, Ross C.
5036		 JSU
Physocarpus opulifolius (Linnaeus) Maximowicz
AUA000023329 Lee 29 Apr 1976 Sessler, Ann H.
41		 AUA
Physocarpus Opulifolius (L.) Maxim.
JSU130767 Talladega 15 Oct 1994 Ballard, J. Mark
5251		 JSU
Physocarpus opulifolius (Linnaeus) Maximowicz
ALNHS00005434 Shelby 06 SEP 2017 Barger, T. Wayne
SP#3337		 ALNHS
Physocarpus opulifolius (L.) Maxim.
UWAL0003797 Bibb 01 May 2008 Davenport, L.J.
3813		 UWAL
Physocarpus opulifolius (L.) Maximowicz
UNA00015345 Lee 18 May 1973 Mason, Janet
239		 UNA
Physocarpus opulifolius (L.) Maxim.
TROY000008350 Crenshaw 08 May 2004 Diamond, Alvin R.
14377		 TROY
Physocarpus opulifolius (Linnaeus) Maximowicz
JSU130755 Calhoun 7 May 1986 Lawler, Carol L.
383		 JSU
Physocarpus opulifolius (Linnaeus) Maximowicz
AUA000023331 Lee 30 Apr 1970 Redmond, Bill
150		 AUA
Physocarpus Opulifolius (L.) Maxim.
AUA000023338 Shelby 18 Apr 1977 Sessler, Ann H.
1020		 AUA
Physocarpus Opulifolius (L.) Maxim.
JSU130759 Clay 11 May 1994 Ballard, J. Mark
3919		 JSU
Physocarpus opulifolius (Linnaeus) Maximowicz
UNA00062974 Crenshaw 08 May 2004 Diamond, Alvin R.
14377		 UNA
Physocarpus opulifolius (L.) Maxim.
SAMF0002014 Jefferson 14 May 2007 Davenport, Lawrence J.
3711		 SAMF
Physocarpus opulifolius (Linnaeus) Maximowicz
AUA000023324 Crenshaw 23 Apr 1990 Diamond, Alvin R.
6840		 AUA
Physocarpus Opulifolius (L.) Maxim.
AUA000023328 Lee 26 Apr 1979 Conrad, K.
75		 AUA
Physocarpus Opulifolius (L.) Maxim.
UNA00054592 Blount 14 Aug 1998 Keener, Brian R.
1448		 UNA
Physocarpus opulifolius (L.) Maxim.
UNA00034455 Shelby 09 May 1987 Bowers, Frank D.
13602		 UNA
Physocarpus opulifolius (L.) Maxim.
UNA00073811 Bibb 10 Jan 2015 Davenport, L.J.
5907		 UNA
Physocarpus opulifolius (L.) Maxim.
JSU130764 Madison 22 Sep 1995 Threlkeld, Steven J.
101		 JSU
Physocarpus opulifolius (Linnaeus) Maximowicz
SAMF0003147 Bibb 10 Jun 2015 Davenport, Lawrence J.
5907		 SAMF
Physocarpus opulifolius (Linnaeus) Maximowicz
TROY000008351 Pike 29 Apr 2001 Diamond, Alvin R.
12406		 TROY
Physocarpus opulifolius (Linnaeus) Maximowicz
JSU130763 Lee 18 May 1973 Harwell, W. Charles
225		 JSU
Physocarpus opulifolius (Linnaeus) Maximowicz
JSU130757 Cherokee 1 Jun 1968 Landers, Kenneth E.
s.n.		 JSU
Physocarpus opulifolius (Linnaeus) Maximowicz
JSU130766 Marshall 13 May 1992 Spaulding, Daniel D.
1613		 JSU
Physocarpus opulifolius (Linnaeus) Maximowicz
UWAL0030374 Bibb 10 Jun 2015 Davenport, L.J.
5907		 UWAL
Physocarpus opulifolius (L.) Maximowicz
UNA00015351 Calhoun 25 May 1979 Haynes, Robert R.
7193		 UNA
Physocarpus opulifolius (L.) Maxim.
AUA000023336 Pike 8 May 1990 Diamond, Alvin R.
6900		 AUA
Physocarpus Opulifolius (L.) Maxim.
AUA000023327 Jefferson 15 Apr 1979 Gilchrist, Scott M.
28		 AUA
Physocarpus Opulifolius (L.) Maxim.
JSU130753 Bibb 31 Jul 1998 Whetstone, R. David
19589		 JSU
Physocarpus opulifolius (Linnaeus) Maximowicz
AUA000023323 Crenshaw 22 Apr 1990 Diamond, Alvin R.
6832		 AUA
Physocarpus Opulifolius (L.) Maxim.
UNA00015344 Jefferson 09 May 1981 Horn, Charles N.
242		 UNA
Physocarpus opulifolius (L.) Maxim.
UNA00015350 DeKalb 14 Jul 1949 Harvill, Jr., A.M.
5303		 UNA
Physocarpus opulifolius (L.) Maxim.
JSU130754 Calhoun 7 May 1986 Lawler, Carol L.
383		 JSU
Physocarpus opulifolius (Linnaeus) Maximowicz
AUA000023319 Cherokee 27 Aug 1981 Henderson, T.
486		 AUA
Physocarpus Opulifolius (L.) Maxim.
AUA000023339 Bibb 21 May 1973 Kral, Robert
50262		 AUA
Physocarpus Opulifolius (L.) Maxim. Var. Opulifolius
UWAL0050969 Lee 20 May 1973 Villadsen, Martha
259		 UWAL
Physocarpus opulifolius (L.) Maxim
SAMF0003204 Bibb 10 Jun 2015 Davenport, Lawrence J.
5877		 SAMF
Physocarpus opulifolius (Linnaeus) Maximowicz
AUA000023321 Crenshaw 23 Apr 1990 Diamond, Alvin R.
6839		 AUA
Physocarpus Opulifolius (L.) Maxim.
AUA000031027 Lee 6 May 2010 Hansen, Curtis J.
4639		 AUA
Physocarpus Opulifolius (L.) Maxim.
AUA000023333 Lee 10 May 1961 Tasi, Chwen-Chu
S.N.		 AUA
Physocarpus Opulifolius (L.) Maxim.
UNA00015353 Lee _ Jul 1896 Earle, Franklin S.
s.n.		 UNA
Physocarpus opulifolius (L.) Maxim.
AUA000023335 Lee 6 May 1961 Anonymous
S.N.		 AUA
Physocarpus Opulifolius (L.) Maxim.
TROY000008349 Conecuh 27 Apr 2002 Diamond, Alvin R.
13100		 TROY
Physocarpus opulifolius (Linnaeus) Maximowicz
AUA000023320 Conecuh 18 Apr 1987 Diamond, Alvin R.
3138		 AUA
Physocarpus Opulifolius (L.) Maxim.
JSU130765 Marshall 19 May 1992 Spaulding, Daniel D.
1728		 JSU
Physocarpus opulifolius (Linnaeus) Maximowicz
JSU130758 Cherokee 31 May 1968 Landers, Kenneth E.
s.n.		 JSU
Physocarpus opulifolius (Linnaeus) Maximowicz
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