Conopholis americana

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Distribution Map: Based on vouchered plant specimens only. View county names by placing the mouse cursor over a particular county.

Species Distribution Map
Family:OROBANCHACEAE
Species:Conopholis americana (L.) Wallr.
Common Name:American Squawroot; Cancer Root
Habitat:Under oaks in moist woods.
Associated Ecological Communities:**
Growth Habit:Herb
Duration:Perennial
Category:Vascular
USDA Symbol:**
Plant Notes:American Squawroot is a native perennial, achlorophyllous, parasitic plant in the Broomrape family (Orobanchaceae). It occurs throughout most of Alabama, but seems to be lacking or rare in the western portions of the state. American Squawroot is parasitic on the roots of Oaks (Quercus). The main body of the plant is an underground woody rounded gall attached to the roots of the host plant. From this mass erect, stout, clumped flowering stems that are 2-8 inches in height emerge. The stems are covered in brown, over-lapping scale-like leaves and resemble pine cones or corn cobs. Flowers are produced in spikes. Each flower is subtended by a bract that is similar to but smaller than the leaf. The calyx is tubular, creamy-yellow in color, with 4-5 brown teeth. The corolla is tubular, downward curving, creamy yellowish in color, and 2-lipped. The upper lip is notched and the shorter lower lip is 3-parted. There are 4 anthers with white filaments and gray anthers. The fruit is an ovoid capsule with numerous small brown seed.—A. Diamond
Taxonomic Notes:**
Status:Native, G5 (Global Rank)
References:**
Specimen: View specimen details in the Alabama Herbarium Consortium Specimen Database

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

FamilyOROBANCHACEAE - Broomrape family
Genus Conopholis
Species Conopholis americana (L.) Wallr. - American Squawroot; Cancer Root

Citation

Citation Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth, Orobanches Gen. Diask. 78. 1825.
Basionym: Orobanche americana L. 1767.
Type: USA: SOUTH CAROLINA: Without data, Garden s.n. (lectotype: LINN 798.5). Lectotypified by R. R. Haynes, Sida 4: 243, f. 6. 1971.

** Not applicable or data not available.

Synonyms

SynonymFull CitationBasionymType
Orobanche americana Orobanche americana Linnaeus, Mant. Pl. 88. 1767. SOUTH CAROLINA: Without data, Garden s.n. (lectotype: LINN 798.5). Lectotypified by R. R. Haynes, Sida 4: 243, f. 6. 1971.

Specimens and Distribution

This species has been reported in the following counties by the herbaria listed. An overview of the individual specimens are provided in the table that follows. Click on the accession number to view details; click on column headers to sort; choose a county or herbaria to filter the specimen data.

Counties included on distribution map: Autauga, Barbour, Blount, Bullock, Butler, Cherokee, Coffee, Colbert, Conecuh, Covington, Cullman, Dale, Dallas, DeKalb, Etowah, Franklin, Henry, Houston, Jackson, Lauderdale, Lawrence, Lee, Limestone, Macon, Madison, Marshall, Morgan, Pike, St. Clair, Tallapoosa

Counties represented by specimen data listed below:

Herbaria represented by specimen data listed below: ALNHS, AUA, JSU, SAMF, TROY, UNA, UWAL

Range of years during which specimens were collected: 1979 - 1997

Barcode / Accession No. County Coll. Date Collector &
Collection No.		 Herbarium &
Herbarium Name Used		 Image
AUA_ACC_48537 Lee 12 Mar 1988 Diamond, Alvin R.
4192		 AUA
Conopholis Americana (L.) Wallr. F.
UWAL0005560 Jackson 15 Apr 2007 Keener, Brian R.
3496		 UWAL
Conopholis americana (L.) Willr.
TROY000007579 Covington 29 Mar 1993 Haynes, Robert R.
9409		 TROY
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
AUA_ACC_62603 Lee 4 Apr 2003 Spano, Angela
50		 AUA
Conopholis Americana (L.) Wallr. F.
UWAL0051998 DeKalb 30 Apr 2021 England, J. Kevin
11980		 UWAL
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
TROY000007583 Dale 17 Mar 2000 Pennington, Tiffany
438		 TROY
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
UNA00022136 Madison 20 Apr 1979 Meigs, Russell A.
112		 UNA
Conopholis americana (L.) Wallr. f.
UWAL0005562 Morgan 04 Apr 2009 England, J. Kevin
1854		 UWAL
Conopholis americana (L.) Willr.
TROY000044833 Autauga 02 Mar 2017 Parker, Matthew R.
382		 TROY
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
AUA_ACC_52538 Dale 21 Feb 1992 Diamond, Alvin R.
7903		 AUA
Conopholis Americana (L.) Wallr. F.
UWAL0009831 Franklin 10 Mar 2012 Keener, Brian R.
6905		 UWAL
Conopholis americana (L.) Wallr.
UNA00022137 Jackson 08 May 1980 Meigs, Russell A.
450		 UNA
Conopholis americana (L.) Wallr. f.
AUA_ACC_61664 Barbour 4 Apr 2002 Gil, Glenda
(2001-87)		 AUA
Conopholis Americana (L.) Wallr. F.
UWAL0044759 Jackson 02 Jun 2018 England, J. Kevin
9180		 UWAL
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
UNA00068823 Etowah 26 Apr 2008 Keener, Brian R.
4315		 UNA
Conopholis americana (L.) Wallr. f.
UWAL0010823 Butler 04 Mar 2012 Diamond, Alvin R.
22816		 UWAL
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
UNA00029095 Covington 27 Mar 1993 Haynes, Robert R.
9409		 UNA
Conopholis americana (L.) Wallr. f.
AUA_ACC_45866 Houston 9 Apr 1971 Gwaltney, John R.
62		 AUA
Conopholis Americana (L.) Wallr. F.
JSU139442 Jackson 14 Apr 1973 Kral, Robert
49572		 JSU
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
AUA_ACC_23225 Colbert 7 Aug 1971 Strait, Dan B.
156		 AUA
Conopholis Americana (L.) Wallr. F.
UNA00064749 Cherokee 30 Mar 2006 Keener, Brian R.
2738		 UNA
Conopholis americana (L.) Wallr. f.
AUA_ACC_58888 Pike 1999 Martin, Brian
95		 AUA
Conopholis Americana (L.) Wallr. F.
TROY000007587 Pike 05 May 1999 Martin, Brian H.
95		 TROY
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
AUA_ACC_48686 Henry 31 Mar 1988 Diamond, Alvin R.
4337		 AUA
Conopholis Americana (L.) Wallr. F.
JSU139439 Etowah 19 Mar 1995 Hodge, Lesley M.
4100		 JSU
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
AUA_ACC_52705 Pike 23 Mar 1990 Diamond, Alvin R.
6758		 AUA
Conopholis Americana (L.) Wallr. F.
JSU139444 Jackson 27 Mar 1974 Durham, Steven D.
28		 JSU
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
TROY000029775 Jackson 16 Apr 2009 Barger, T. Wayne
203		 TROY
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
JSU139445 Jackson 23 Apr 1973 Whetstone, R. David
RDW-1116		 JSU
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
AUA_ACC_57563 Madison 13 Apr 1973 Kral, Robert
49509		 AUA
Conopholis Americana (L.) Wallr. F.
JSU139450 Marshall 29 Mar 1976 Whetstone, R. David
7792		 JSU
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
TROY000035336 Bullock 29 Mar 2012 Dykes, Bailee
464		 TROY
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
JSU139443 Jackson 02 Apr 1999 Brodeur, Kristin R.
1681		 JSU
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
TROY000034635 Butler 04 Mar 2012 Diamond, Alvin R.
22816		 TROY
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
UWAL0019446 Dallas 07 Apr 1993 Kral, Robert
82054		 UWAL
Conopholis americana (L.) Wallr.
TROY000030112 Covington 14 Apr 2007 Hansen, Curtis J.
3012		 TROY
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
AUA_ACC_69202 Jackson 6 May 2006 Sorrell, G.
SN		 AUA
Conopholis Americana (L.) Wallr. F.
UWAL0046008 Autauga 02 Mar 2017 Parker, Matthew R.
382		 UWAL
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
TROY000032837 Morgan 04 Apr 2009 England, J. Kevin
1854		 TROY
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
UNA00042636 Pike 04 May 1987 Bowers, Frank D.
13538		 UNA
Conopholis americana (L.) Wallr. f.
UWAL0011393 Bullock 29 Mar 2012 Dykes, Bailee
464		 UWAL
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
TROY000036196 Limestone 28 Mar 2012 Keener, Brian R.
6997		 TROY
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
SAMF0004922 Morgan 01 Apr 1998 Lee, Karen
59		 SAMF
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
AUA000038339 Morgan 5 Jun 2016 England, J. Kevin
6508		 AUA
Conopholis Americana (L.) Wallr. F.
UNA00067022 Jackson 15 Apr 2007 Keener, Brian R.
3496		 UNA
Conopholis americana (L.) Wallr. f.
SAMF0004923 Jackson 04 Jun 2006 Davenport, Lawrence J.
3472		 SAMF
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
UWAL0019615 Barbour 30 Mar 1986 Kral, Robert
73229		 UWAL
Conopholis americana (L.) Wallr.
UNA00053740 Blount 22 Mar 1997 Keener, Brian R.
62		 UNA
Conopholis americana (L.) Wallr. f.
AUA_ACC_14240 Lee 5 May 1966 Searcy, James W.
S.N.		 AUA
Conopholis Americana (L.) Wallr. F.
JSU139454 Morgan 19 May 1996 Whetstone, R. David
17626		 JSU
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
UWAL0005559 Jackson 12 Apr 1981 Kral, Robert
66868		 UWAL
Conopholis americana (L.) Willr.
UNA00022131 Dale 30 Mar 1980 Davenport, Lawrence J.
1736		 UNA
Conopholis americana (L.) Wallr. f.
AUA_ACC_69730 Henry 27 Mar 2005 Skipper, B.R.
14		 AUA
Conopholis Americana (L.) Wallr. F.
UWAL0048007 Lawrence 25 Mar 2020 England, J. Kevin
10804		 UWAL
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
TROY000007581 Dale 12 May 2002 Diamond, Alvin R.
13164		 TROY
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
JSU139456 Morgan 10 Jun 1976 Whetstone, R. David
8428		 JSU
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
AUA_ACC_9857 Macon 12 Apr 1961 Jones, Jr., Samuel B.
569		 AUA
Conopholis Americana (L.) Wallr. F.
TROY000042287 Houston 26 Mar 2015 Diamond, Alvin R.
26043		 TROY
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
SAMF0004924 Limestone 28 Mar 2012 Davenport, Lawrence J.
5020		 SAMF
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
AUA_ACC_28725 Tallapoosa 6 Apr 1976 Rutland, David W.
2049		 AUA
Conopholis Americana (L.) Wallr. F.
JSU139455 Morgan 27 Mar 1976 Whetstone, R. David
7700		 JSU
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
UWAL0017595 Houston 26 Mar 2015 Diamond, Alvin R.
26043		 UWAL
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
JSU139438 DeKalb 31 May 1972 Whetstone, R. David
s.n.		 JSU
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
TROY000021998 Cherokee 18 Apr 1973 Whetstone, R. David
s.n.		 TROY
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
AUA_ACC_65507 Lee 7 Apr 2005 Hansen, Curtis J.
1740		 AUA
Conopholis Americana (L.) Wallr. F.
JSU139453 Marshall 18 May 1973 Whetstone, R. David
RDW-1383		 JSU
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
AUA_ACC_19551 Macon 9 Apr 1969 Moore, Harold D.
61-69		 AUA
Conopholis Americana (L.) Wallr. F.
JSU139437 DeKalb 06 Nov 1982 Whetstone, R. David
13005		 JSU
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
UWAL0002645 Jackson 10 May 2005 England, J. Kevin
528		 UWAL
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
TROY000007580 Dale 03 Sep 2006 Chesser, Jason D.
27		 TROY
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
UWAL0010634 Autauga 21 Apr 2012 Keener, Brian R.
7124		 UWAL
Conopholis americana (L.) Wallr
AUA_ACC_32592 Pike 30 Mar 1974 Hutto, T.A.
109		 AUA
Conopholis Americana (L.) Wallr. F.
JSU139451 Marshall 10 Apr 1993 Weninegar. Loretta L.
100		 JSU
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
AUA_ACC_66994 Covington 14 Apr 2007 Hansen, Curtis J.
3012		 AUA
Conopholis Americana (L.) Wallr. F.
JSU139452 Marshall 13 May 1992 Spaulding, Daniel D.
1643		 JSU
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
UNA00042637 Autauga 15 Apr 1982 Gunn, Scott C.
480		 UNA
Conopholis americana (L.) Wallr. f.
AUA_ACC_63129 St. Clair 19 Apr 2003 Umphrey, Shane
58		 AUA
Conopholis Americana (L.) Wallr. F.
JSU139458 Morgan 29 Mar 1997 Whetstone, R. David
s.n.		 JSU
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
TROY000035983 Franklin 10 Mar 2012 Keener, Brian R.
6905		 TROY
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
AUA_ACC_4300 Lee 13 Mar 1953 Davis, Donald E.
S.N.		 AUA
Conopholis Americana (L.) Wallr. F.
JSU139434 Cherokee 15 Jun 1969 Morello, Sandra
s.n.		 JSU
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
TROY000039908 Autauga 21 Apr 2012 Keener, Brian R.
7124		 TROY
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
AUA000044022 Madison 5 Mar 2020 Hansen, Curtis J.
7806		 AUA
Conopholis Americana (L.) Wallr. F.
JSU139457 Morgan 07 Aug 1975 Whetstone, R. David
6076		 JSU
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
AUA_ACC_71778 Lee 20 Jul 2010 Fleener, A.
30		 AUA
Conopholis Americana (L.) Wallr. F.
UWAL0005563 Pike 12 Apr 2007 Diamond, Alvin R.
17385		 UWAL
Conopholis americana (L.) Willr.
TROY000007586 Pike 12 Apr 2007 Diamond, Alvin R.
17385		 TROY
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
UWAL0034843 Madison 19 May 1995 Kral, Robert
84679		 UWAL
Conopholis americana (L.) Wallr.
AUA_ACC_46189 Pike 30 Mar 1974 Jenkins, J.D.
60		 AUA
Conopholis Americana (L.) Wallr. F.
UNA00066807 Pike 12 Apr 2007 Diamond, Alvin R.
17385		 UNA
Conopholis americana (L.) Wallr. f.
AUA_ACC_69406 Covington 15 Aug 2008 Hansen, Curtis J.
3534		 AUA
Conopholis Americana (L.) Wallr. F.
JSU139448 Limestone 25 Apr 1996 Whetstone, R. David
17425		 JSU
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
TROY000007585 Henry 25 Mar 2003 Kral, Robert
93728		 TROY
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
AUA_ACC_22150 Lee 20 Apr 1970 Ward, L.A.
73		 AUA
Conopholis Americana (L.) Wallr. F.
JSU139433 Blount 31 Mar 1976 Whetstone, R. David
7889		 JSU
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
TROY000022000 Jackson 15 Apr 2007 Keener, Brian R.
3496		 TROY
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
AUA_ACC_67001 Jackson 3 Jun 2006 Hansen, Curtis J.
2318		 AUA
Conopholis Americana (L.) Wallr. F.
JSU139449 Jackson 16 Aug 1975 Whetstone, R. David
6558		 JSU
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
TROY000021621 Etowah 26 Apr 2008 Keener, Brian R.
4315		 TROY
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
AUA_ACC_39187 Autauga 15 Apr 1982 Gunn, Scott C.
480		 AUA
Conopholis Americana (L.) Wallr. F.
UWAL0032339 Jackson 08 Apr 2016 England, J. Kevin
6132		 UWAL
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
AUA_ACC_69211 Lauderdale 4 May 2006 Stefanovic, S.
SS.06.103		 AUA
Conopholis Americana (L.) Wallr. F.
UNA00022132 Autauga 16 Apr 1980 Haynes, Robert R.
7737		 UNA
Conopholis americana (L.) Wallr. f.
AUA_ACC_55632 Henry 27 Feb 1991 Diamond, Alvin R.
7227		 AUA
Conopholis Americana (L.) Wallr. F.
TROY000007578 Coffee 04 Mar 2000 Martin, Brian H.
465		 TROY
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
JSU139440 Etowah 04 Nov 1994 Hodge, Lesley M.
4071		 JSU
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
AUA_ACC_39945 Conecuh 23 Mar 1985 Diamond, Alvin R.
139		 AUA
Conopholis Americana (L.) Wallr. F.
JSU139436 DeKalb 20 Aug 1992 Clearman, F.W., Jr.
201		 JSU
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
TROY000021999 Marshall 11 Jun 1993 Ballard, J. Mark
2545		 TROY
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
JSU139446 Lauderdale 20 Jul 1996 Whetstone, R. David
18231		 JSU
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
AUA_ACC_16760 Macon 11 Apr 1966 Koelling, Alfred C.
S.N.		 AUA
Conopholis Americana (L.) Wallr. F.
JSU139447 Limestone 01 Mar 1997 Hofmann, Tim L.
00318		 JSU
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
TROY000032563 Houston 01 May 2011 Diamond, Alvin R.
22024		 TROY
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
UWAL0005561 Madison 16 Apr 2004 Neal, Tamara M.
91		 UWAL
Conopholis americana (L.) Willr.
UNA00048589 Henry 12 May 1997 MacDonald, John R.
10470		 UNA
Conopholis americana (L.) Wallr. f.
AUA_ACC_49781 Autauga 15 Apr 1989 Diamond, Alvin R.
5796		 AUA
Conopholis Americana (L.) Wallr. F.
UWAL0009859 Limestone 28 Mar 2012 Keener, Brian R.
6997		 UWAL
Conopholis americana (L.) Wallr.
AUA_ACC_4301 Lee 27 Mar 1953 Speake, Dan W.
S.N.		 AUA
Conopholis Americana (L.) Wallr. F.
JSU139435 DeKalb 15 May 1996 Whetstone, R. David
17572		 JSU
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
TROY000007582 Dale 02 Mar 2000 Prazinko, Brian F.
s.n.		 TROY
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
TROY000007584 DeKalb 29 May 1905 Atkinson, Tim A.
1898		 TROY
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
UWAL0005558 Etowah 26 Apr 2008 Keener, Brian R.
4315		 UWAL
Conopholis americana (L.) Willr.
AUA_ACC_52932 Dale 21 Mar 1992 Diamond, Alvin R.
8014		 AUA
Conopholis Americana (L.) Wallr. F.
JSU139441 Houston 07 Mar 1992 Clearman, F.W., Jr.
033		 JSU
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
UNA00022138 Cullman _ Mar _ Mohr, Charles
s.n.		 UNA
Conopholis americana (L.) Wallr. f.
AUA_ACC_14586 Macon 9 May 1969 Gregory, J.M.
104		 AUA
Conopholis Americana (L.) Wallr. F.
AUA_ACC_4299 Lee 3 Apr 1954 Brown, Jerry O.
S.N.		 AUA
Conopholis Americana (L.) Wallr. F.
UWAL0034424 Houston 07 May 1995 Kral, Robert
84525		 UWAL
Conopholis americana (L.) Wallr.
ALNHS00003905 Colbert 14 Apr 2016 Barger, T. Wayne
FH-641		 ALNHS
Conopholis americana (L.) Wallr.
UWAL0005367 Houston 01 May 2011 Diamond, Alvin R.
22024		 UWAL
Conopholis americana (Linnaeus) Wallroth
UNA00022117 Covington 29 Mar 1993 Haynes, Robert R.
9409		 UNA
Conopholis americana (L.) Wallr. f.
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