Tsuga canadensis

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Distribution Map: Based on vouchered plant specimens only. View county names by placing the mouse cursor over a particular county.

Species Distribution Map
Family:PINACEAE
Species:Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carrière
Common Name:Eastern Hemlock; Canadian Hemlock
Habitat:**
Associated Ecological Communities:**
Growth Habit:Tree
Duration:Perennial
Category:Vascular
USDA Symbol:TSCA
Plant Notes:Eastern Hemlock is a native evergreen tree in the Pine family (Pinaceae). It can be found in the northern third of Alabama. Eastern Hemlock grows in ravines, along streams, and on moist hillsides. It is a large tree reaching heights of 90 feet. The bark is gray to brownish-red, scaly and flaking when young, becoming ridged and furrowed with age. The needle leaves are linear, shiny green in color, appearing 2-ranked, glabrous, minutely toothed towards the apex, with two conspicuous white stomatal bands on the lower surface. Seed are produced in cones. The pollen cones are globose and solitary. Seed cones are pendent, ovoid, and mature in 1 year. The seed are winged. Eastern Hemlock is a popular ornamental, and numerous cultivars have been developed. It can be grown as a large specimen tree or trimmed into hedges. It prefers a moist but well-draining acidic soil in full sun to partial shade. It doesn't tolerate drought well, especially when young. The introduced Hemlock Wooly Adelgid is a major pest and can kill even mature trees.—A. Diamond.
Taxonomic Notes:**
Status:Native, FACU (NWI), G5 (Global Rank)
References:**
Specimen: View specimen details in the Alabama Herbarium Consortium Specimen Database

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

FamilyPINACEAE - Pine family
Genus Tsuga
Species Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carrière - Eastern Hemlock; Canadian Hemlock

Citation

Citation Tsuga canadensis (Linnaeus) Carrière, Traité Gén. Conif. 189. 1855.
Basionym: Pinus canadensis L. 1763.
Type: Without data, Clayton 547 (lectotype: BM-000051613). Lectotypified by Fernald & Weatherby in Rhodora 34 : 188. 1932.

** Not applicable or data not available.

Synonyms

SynonymFull CitationBasionymType
Pinus canadensis Pinus canadensis Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. ed. 2, 2: 1471. 1763.  

Specimens and Distribution

This species has been reported in the following counties by the herbaria listed. An overview of the individual specimens are provided in the table that follows. Click on the accession number to view details; click on column headers to sort; choose a county or herbaria to filter the specimen data.

Counties included on distribution map: Calhoun, Colbert, Cullman, DeKalb, Franklin, Jackson, Jefferson, Lamar, Lawrence, Lee, Marion, Randolph, Walker, Winston

Counties represented by specimen data listed below:

Herbaria represented by specimen data listed below: ALNHS, AMAL, AUA, JSU, SAMF, TROY, UNA, UNAF, USAM, UWAL

Range of years during which specimens were collected: 1949 - 1989

Barcode / Accession No. County Coll. Date Collector &
Collection No.		 Herbarium &
Herbarium Name Used		 Image
JSU105792 Jackson 23 Apr 1973 Landers, Kenneth E.
s.n.		 JSU
Tsuga canadensis (Linnaeus) Carrière
UNAF0000813 Walker 21 Jun 1980 Musgrove, Mary Beth
s.n.		 UNAF
Tsuga canadensis (Linnaeus) Carrière
UWAL0015419 Lamar 14 Jun 2014 England, J. Kevin
4960		 UWAL
Tsuga canadensis (Linnaeus) Carrière
UWAL0001522 Marion 03 Dec 2008 England, J. Kevin
1558		 UWAL
Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr.
AUA_ACC_65045 Franklin 9 May 2004 Spaulding, Daniel D.
12094		 AUA
Tsuga Canadensis (L.) Carr.
UNA00029325 Jefferson 24 Jun 1949 Harvill, Jr., A.M.
5073		 UNA
Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr.
UNA00023801 Lawrence 26 Jun 1989 Harding, Dennis
s.n.		 UNA
Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr.
JSU105797 Lawrence 02 May 1973 Landers, Kenneth E.
s.n.		 JSU
Tsuga canadensis (Linnaeus) Carrière
SAMF0007890 Cullman 08 May 1965 Myers, Martha Crystal
360		 SAMF
Tsuga canadensis (Linnaeus) Carriere
UNAF0000815 Winston 07 Jul 1990 Lawrence, Terri
07974		 UNAF
Tsuga canadensis (Linnaeus) Carrière
SAMF0006324 Marion 15 May 1954 McCullough, Herbert A.
s.n.		 SAMF
Tsuga canadensis (Linnaeus) Carriere
AMAL00002796 Franklin 29 Apr 2012 England, J. Kevin
3392		 AMAL
Tsuga canadensis (Linnaeus) Carriere
ALNHS00003687 Winston 24 Mar 2016 Barger, T. Wayne
SP#2144		 ALNHS
Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr.
TROY000028594 Lamar 20 Mar 2009 Keener, Brian R.
5095		 TROY
Tsuga canadensis (Linnaeus) Carrière
JSU143892 Calhoun 13 Oct 1970 Tudor, Jessica
s.n.		 JSU
Tsuga canadensis (Linnaeus) Carrière
JSU105790 Calhoun 08 Nov 1972 McCool, Jeff
s.n.		 JSU
Tsuga canadensis (Linnaeus) Carrière
UNA00029373 Winston 22 May 1949 Harvill, Jr., A.M.
5048		 UNA
Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr.
AUA000037205 Franklin 23 Sep 2014 Carstens, Jeffrey D.
89		 AUA
Tsuga Canadensis (L.) Carr.
AUA_ACC_1196 Lee 16 May 1953 Walsh, C.S.
 AUA
Tsuga Canadensis (L.) Carr.
UNA00065401 Winston 19 Apr 2005 England, J. Kevin
310		 UNA
Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr.
UNA00029335 Colbert s.d. Segars, Charles B.
85		 UNA
Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr.
TROY000049497 Franklin 29 Apr 2012 England, J. Kevin
3392		 TROY
Tsuga canadensis (Linnaeus) Carrière
AUA_ACC_46454 Lawrence 15 Apr 1978 Lamb, Trip
69		 AUA
Tsuga Canadensis (L.) Carr.
UNAF0000814 Walker 21 Jun 1980 Peck, Wanda
s.n.		 UNAF
Tsuga canadensis (Linnaeus) Carrière
JSU105801 Randolph 11 Oct 1985 Nixon, Christopher F.
2018		 JSU
Tsuga canadensis (Linnaeus) Carrière
UWAL0001520 Lamar 20 Mar 2009 Keener, Brian R.
5095		 UWAL
Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr.
UWAL0002628 Cullman 20 Dec 2010 England, J. Kevin
2626		 UWAL
Tsuga canadensis (Linnaeus) Carriere
UNA00029365 Jefferson 24 Jun 1949 Harvill, Jr., A.M.
5074		 UNA
Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr.
UNA00023838 Lawrence 26 Jun 1989 Harding, Dennis
s.n.		 UNA
Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr.
TROY000034269 Cullman 20 Dec 2010 England, J. Kevin
2626		 TROY
Tsuga canadensis (Linnaeus) Carrière
UNA00029309 Winston 13 Sep 1980 Lentz, David L.
153		 UNA
Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr.
JSU105794 Jackson 23 Apr 1973 Landers, Kenneth E.
s.n.		 JSU
Tsuga canadensis (Linnaeus) Carrière
UWAL0001523 Winston 07 Sep 2008 England, J. Kevin
1051		 UWAL
Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr.
AMAL00011855 Franklin 09 May 2004 Spaulding, Daniel D.
12094		 AMAL
Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr.
SAMF0006322 Lawrence 04 May 1957 Wade, Albert
s.n.		 SAMF
Tsuga canadensis (Linnaeus) Carriere
UNA00029320 Winston 22 Jul 1949 Harvill, Jr., A.M.
5024		 UNA
Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr.
TROY000013658 Franklin 09 May 2004 Spaulding, Daniel D.
12094		 TROY
Tsuga canadensis (Linnaeus) Carrière
JSU105795 Lawrence 02 May 1973 Landers, Kenneth E.
s.n.		 JSU
Tsuga canadensis (Linnaeus) Carrière
UNA00060510 Winston 04 Apr 1965 Williams, James D.
s.n.		 UNA
Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr.
UNAF0000811 Lawrence 21 Jul 1991 Engle, Dennis
s.n.		 UNAF
Tsuga canadensis (Linnaeus) Carrière
AUA_ACC_45883 Lawrence 7 May 1971 James, Audrey
130		 AUA
Tsuga Canadensis (L.) Carr.
AUA_ACC_72034 Franklin 24 Jan 2009 England, J. Kevin
1563		 AUA
Tsuga Canadensis (L.) Carr.
SAMF0006325 Winston 05 Nov 1966 Wall, Ben
s.n.		 SAMF
Tsuga canadensis (Linnaeus) Carriere
UNA00029370 Jackson 14 Jul 1949 Harvill, Jr., A.M.
5430		 UNA
Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr.
JSU142612 Jackson 30 Mar 1998 Brodeur, Kristin R.
474		 JSU
Tsuga canadensis (Linnaeus) Carrière
UNA00017412 Franklin 30 Mar 1906 Harper, Roland M.
64		 UNA
Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr.
UNA00069996 Franklin 24 Jan 2009 England, J. Kevin
1563		 UNA
Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr.
UNA00029340 Franklin 03 Jul 1949 Segars, Charles B.
19		 UNA
Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr.
UNA00053454 Winston 14 Oct 1967 Thomas, Joab L.
1258		 UNA
Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr.
JSU105789 Calhoun 28 Oct 1992 Spaulding, Daniel D.
3058		 JSU
Tsuga canadensis (Linnaeus) Carrière
UNAF0000810 Colbert 15 Oct 1989 Porter, Kim
06202		 UNAF
Tsuga canadensis (Linnaeus) Carrière
JSU143901 Calhoun 18 Jul 1969 Payne, Jan E.
s.n.		 JSU
Tsuga canadensis (Linnaeus) Carrière
UWAL0001521 Lawrence 06 Sep 2008 England, J. Kevin
1034		 UWAL
Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr.
UWAL0001519 Franklin 24 Jan 2009 England, J. Kevin
1563		 UWAL
Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr.
UNA00029314 Marion 15 May 1949 Harvill, Jr., A.M.
5006		 UNA
Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr.
SAMF0006321 Jefferson 23 Apr 2007 Davenport, Lawrence J.
3686		 SAMF
Tsuga canadensis (Linnaeus) Carriere
UNA00029310 Winston s.d. Mohr, Charles
s.n.		 UNA
Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr.
TROY000021579 Franklin 24 Jan 2009 England, J. Kevin
1563		 TROY
Tsuga canadensis (Linnaeus) Carrière
UNA00029305 Lawrence s.d. Segars, Charles B.
11		 UNA
Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr.
JSU105793 Jackson 23 Apr 1973 Landers, Kenneth E.
s.n.		 JSU
Tsuga canadensis (Linnaeus) Carrière
AUA_ACC_17516 Lee 9 Aug 1969 Floyd, Jr., John A.
199		 AUA
Tsuga Canadensis (L.) Carr.
SAMF0006323 Winston 04 Apr 1965 Williams, James D.
s.n.		 SAMF
Tsuga canadensis (Linnaeus) Carriere
UNA00029360 Jackson 15 Jul 1949 Harvill, Jr., A.M.
5387		 UNA
Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr.
JSU105791 Jackson 04 May 1994 Spaulding, Daniel D.
6054		 JSU
Tsuga canadensis (Linnaeus) Carrière
JSU105802 Winston 13 Aug 1974 Atkinson, Tim A.
711		 JSU
Tsuga canadensis (Linnaeus) Carrière
UNA00065076 Franklin 09 May 2004 Spaulding, Daniel D.
12094		 UNA
Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr.
UNAF0000812 Walker 23 Jun 1980 Cameron, Robbie
04305		 UNAF
Tsuga canadensis (Linnaeus) Carrière
UNA00029330 Winston 03 Jul 1949 Segars, Charles B.
33		 UNA
Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr.
JSU105803 Winston 04 Apr 1965 Williams, James
s.n.		 JSU
Tsuga canadensis (Linnaeus) Carrière
AMAL00020677 Franklin 29 Apr 2012 England, J. Kevin
3392		 AMAL
Tsuga canadensis (Linnaeus) Carriere
JSU105800 Marion 30 Mar 1964 Pullen, Thomas M.
6437		 JSU
Tsuga canadensis (Linnaeus) Carrière
JSU105796 Lawrence 06 Aug 1993 Ballard, J. Mark
3127		 JSU
Tsuga canadensis (Linnaeus) Carrière
UWAL0013507 Colbert 29 Apr 2012 England, J. Kevin
3392		 UWAL
Tsuga canadensis (Linnaeus) Carrière
UNA00029369 Winston 15 May 1949 Harvill, Jr., A.M.
5022		 UNA
Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr.
USAM000000589 Marion 11 May 1968 LeLong, Michel G.
4567		 USAM
Tsuga canadensis (Linnaeus) Carrière
AMAL00004085 Lamar 20 Mar 2009 Keener, Brian R.
5095		 AMAL
Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr.
UNA00021804 DeKalb 14 Dec 1989 Burckhalter, Robert
1754		 UNA
Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr.
UNA00029315 Walker s.d. Segars, Charles B.
57		 UNA
Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr.
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