Quercus virginiana

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Distribution Map: Based on vouchered plant specimens only. View county names by placing the mouse cursor over a particular county.

Species Distribution Map
Family:FAGACEAE
Species:Quercus virginiana Mill.
Common Name:Live Oak
Habitat:**
Associated Ecological Communities:**
Growth Habit:Tree
Duration:Perennial
Category:Vascular
USDA Symbol:QUVI
Plant Notes:Live Oak is a large native evergreen or semi-evergreen tree in the Beech family (Fagaceae). It is native to the southern-most counties of Alabama, but is widely planted and persists or has escaped in areas north of the natural range. Live Oak occurs in coastal evergreen forests, in hammocks, in pinelands, and in mixed forests. It varies considerably in growth form from a low, rhizomatous shrub to large spreading trees up to 100 feet in height. In open situations it has a rounded, spreading growth form with sinuously curved trunks and branches. Young twigs are light gray in color and pubescent. The bark on the trunk and older branches is dark gray to dark brown, deeply furrowed, and blocky. Leaves are alternate, petiolate, obovate to oblanceolate in outline, with entire and often revolute margins. The leaves are dark green in color and glabrous above, lighter green and densely pubescent with appressed, stellate hairs below. Flowers are produced in early spring from the axils of the leaves. Male flowers are drooping, greenish yellow catkins. The small green female flowers are solitary or paired. The fruit is an oblong black acorn. It is consumed by a variety of birds and mammals. Live Oak is widely planted as an ornamental. It prefers a sunny site and requires a large space to fully develop. The wood is dense and heavy, and was once in great demand for ship building.—A. Diamond
Taxonomic Notes:**
Status:Native, FACU+ (NWI)
References:**
Specimen: View specimen details in the Alabama Herbarium Consortium Specimen Database

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

FamilyFAGACEAE - Beech family
Genus Quercus
Species Quercus virginiana Mill. - Live Oak

Citation

Citation Quercus virginiana Miller, Gard. Dict. (ed. 8) Quercus no. 16. 1768.
Basionym: **
Type: **

** Not applicable or data not available.

Synonyms

SynonymFull CitationBasionymType
Dryopsila virens Dryopsila virens Rafinesque, Alsogr. Amer. 28. 1838.Quercus virens Rafinesque 1838, non Aiton 1789. 
Quercus andromeda Quercus andromeda Riddell, New Orleans Med. Surg. J. 9: 614. 1853. LOUISIANA: Livingston Par.: Springfield,
Quercus phellos var. obtusifolia Quercus phellos Linnaeus, var. obtusifolia Lamarck, Encycl. 1: 722. 1783.Quercus virginiana Miller 1768. 
Quercus phellos var. sempervirens Quercus phellos Linnaeus, var. sempervirens Marshall, Arbust. Amer. 124. 1785.  
Quercus sempervirens Quercus sempervirens Walter, Fl. Carol. 234. 1788. SOUTH CAROLINA
Quercus virens Quercus virens Rafinesque, Alsogr. Amer. 28. 1838, non Aiton 1789. "Florida to Louisiana",
Quercus virens Quercus virens Aiton, Hort. Kew. 3: 356. 1789, nom. illegit.Quercus virginiana Miller 1768. 
Quercus virginiana var. macrophylla Quercus virginiana Miller, var. macrophylla Sargent, Bot. Gaz. 65: 447. 1918. TEXAS: Atasacosa Co.: Atascosa River, Pleasanton, 23 Sep 1916, Palmer 1079 (holotype: A?).
Quercus virginiana var. virescens Quercus virginiana Miller, var. virescens Sargent, Bot. Gaz. 65: 446. 1918. FLORIDA: Alachua Co.: Gainesville, 17 Jun 1917, Harbison 48 holotype: A ?).

Specimens and Distribution

This species has been reported in the following counties by the herbaria listed. An overview of the individual specimens are provided in the table that follows. Click on the accession number to view details; click on column headers to sort; choose a county or herbaria to filter the specimen data.

Counties included on distribution map: Baldwin, Barbour, Bullock, Butler, Calhoun, Coffee, Conecuh, Covington, Cullman, Dallas, Geneva, Greene, Houston, Lawrence, Lee, Macon, Marengo, Mobile, Monroe, Montgomery, Pike, Sumter, Tuscaloosa, Washington

Counties represented by specimen data listed below:

Herbaria represented by specimen data listed below: ALNHS, AUA, JSU, SAMF, TROY, UNA, USAM, UWAL

Range of years during which specimens were collected: 1893 - 1980

Barcode / Accession No. County Coll. Date Collector &
Collection No.		 Herbarium &
Herbarium Name Used		 Image
AUA_ACC_63030 Pike 8 Jul 2002 Diamond, Alvin R.
13470		 AUA
Quercus Virginiana P. Mill.
UNA00032711 Mobile 15 Aug 1966 Deramus, Rebecca
D993		 UNA
Quercus virginiana P. Mill.
USAM000006955 Baldwin 11 Sep 1967 LeLong, Michel G.
3746		 USAM
Quercus virginiana Miller
AUA_ACC_55617 Mobile 1 Feb 1944 Rust, H.B.
72		 AUA
Quercus Virginiana P. Mill.
UNA00032786 Baldwin 13 Oct 1963 McDaniel, Sidney
3912		 UNA
Quercus virginiana P. Mill.
UWAL0005364 Conecuh 26 Mar 2011 Diamond, Alvin R.
21835		 UWAL
Quercus virginiana Miller
JSU124683 Baldwin 16 May 1969 Bozarth, Gene A.
s.n.		 JSU
Quercus virginiana Miller
UWAL0038597 Lawrence 01 Sep 2018 England, J. Kevin
9436		 UWAL
Quercus virginiana P. Miller
JSU124681 Baldwin 27 Sep 1985 Lawler, Carol L.
073		 JSU
Quercus virginiana Miller
AUA_ACC_41967 Macon 8 Aug 1981 Zauner, B.
107		 AUA
Quercus Virginiana P. Mill.
AUA_ACC_20405 Houston 30 Jul 1970 Moore, Harold D.
497		 AUA
Quercus Virginiana P. Mill.
UNA00032761 Mobile 20 Apr 1893 Mohr, Charles
s.n.		 UNA
Quercus virginiana P. Mill.
AUA_ACC_41612 Covington 22 Jul 1973 French, Tom W.
229		 AUA
Quercus Virginiana P. Mill.
UWAL0007766 Sumter 23 May 1984 Green
7		 UWAL
Quercus virginiana P. Mill.
UNA00032796 Baldwin 13 Oct 1963 McDaniel, Sidney
3913		 UNA
Quercus virginiana P. Mill.
AUA_ACC_3304 Baldwin 16 May 1964 Creel, John
 AUA
Quercus Virginiana P. Mill.
UWAL0007763 Covington 20 Jul 2009 Diamond, Alvin R.
20797		 UWAL
Quercus virginiana P. Mill.
JSU124682 Baldwin 22 Aug 1968 Landers, Kenneth E.
s.n.		 JSU
Quercus virginiana Miller
TROY000006058 Pike 08 Jul 2002 Diamond, Alvin R.
13470		 TROY
Quercus virginiana Miller
AUA_ACC_71025 Lee 18 Apr 2013 Hansen, Curtis J.
5784A		 AUA
Quercus Virginiana P. Mill.
UWAL0017495 Houston 23 Apr 2015 Diamond, Alvin R.
26224		 UWAL
Quercus virginiana Miller
JSU124689 Houston 22 Jun 1984 Whetstone, R. David
14186		 JSU
Quercus virginiana Miller
AUA_ACC_37611 Macon 8 Dec 1981 Henderson, T.
809		 AUA
Quercus Virginiana P. Mill.
TROY000006059 Washington 04 May 1991 Powers, Loren D.
10		 TROY
Quercus virginiana Miller
AUA_ACC_15121 Lee 19 Apr 1969 Roberson, B.J.
085		 AUA
Quercus Virginiana P. Mill.
TROY000006054 Covington 11 Jul 2001 Diamond, Alvin R.
12522		 TROY
Quercus virginiana Miller
UNA00032736 Baldwin 20 Apr 1964 McDaniel, Sidney
4195		 UNA
Quercus virginiana P. Mill.
UWAL0016161 Montgomery 27 Apr 2014 Diamond, Alvin R.
25022		 UWAL
Quercus virginiana Miller
USAM000006959 Mobile 05 May 1973 LeLong, Michel G.
7001.1		 USAM
Quercus virginiana Miller
UWAL0043572 Baldwin 30 Sep 2001 Larsen, Harry S.
929		 UWAL
Quercus virginiana Mill.
JSU124691 Lee 12 Mar 1968 Brown, Dickie
s.n.		 JSU
Quercus virginiana Miller
AUA_ACC_21457 Lee 16 Apr 1970 Wood, Kerry
042		 AUA
Quercus Virginiana P. Mill.
UNA00032756 Baldwin 28 Jan 1950 Stallard, W.A.
3		 UNA
Quercus virginiana P. Mill.
USAM000006954 Mobile 24 Apr 1969 Scott, D.L.
275		 USAM
Quercus virginiana Miller
UNA00060388 Pike 08 Jul 2002 Diamond, Alvin R.
13470		 UNA
Quercus virginiana P. Mill.
UNA00056064 Houston 13 Aug 1998 MacDonald, John R.
11716		 UNA
Quercus virginiana P. Mill.
AUA_ACC_47413 Covington 3 Oct 1987 Diamond, Alvin R.
3687		 AUA
Quercus Virginiana P. Mill.
TROY000006053 Covington 27 Jul 2004 Diamond, Alvin R.
14531		 TROY
Quercus virginiana Miller
AUA_ACC_2033 Lee 15 May 1953 Walsh, C.S.
 AUA
Quercus Virginiana P. Mill.
TROY000037209 Marengo 12 Jul 2012 England, J. Kevin
3654		 TROY
Quercus virginiana Miller
AUA_ACC_32940 Macon 11 Apr 1976 Sessler, Ann H.
020		 AUA
Quercus Virginiana P. Mill.
TROY000006051 Coffee 17 Sep 2006 Roberts, Carla
42		 TROY
Quercus virginiana Miller
USAM000006957 Baldwin 27 Sep 1975 LeLong, Michel G.
8761		 USAM
Quercus virginiana Miller
AUA_ACC_73709 Covington 22 Oct 2009 Hansen, Curtis J.
4546		 AUA
Quercus Virginiana P. Mill.
TROY000042090 Houston 23 Apr 2015 Diamond, Alvin R.
26224		 TROY
Quercus virginiana Miller
UWAL0011566 Bullock 02 Aug 2012 Dykes, Bailee
1136		 UWAL
Quercus virginiana Miller
UNA00032787 Tuscaloosa 03 Apr 1959 Williamson, Nelda Kathleen
s.n.		 UNA
Quercus virginiana P. Mill.
UWAL0007765 Monroe 04 Oct 2007 Diamond, Alvin R.
18460		 UWAL
Quercus virginiana P. Mill.
UWAL0051319 Conecuh 20 Mar 1973 Gonsoulin, G.
1941		 UWAL
Quercus virginiana Mill.
JSU124687 Baldwin 14 Apr 1973 Mason, Janet
123		 JSU
Quercus virginiana Miller
ALNHS00000341 Baldwin 20 Apr 2011 Barger, T. Wayne
Perd-698		 ALNHS
Quercus virginiana P. Mill.
AUA_ACC_17593 Baldwin 26 Jul 1969 Ellis, H.C.
111		 AUA
Quercus Virginiana P. Mill.
UWAL0030523 Covington 14 Nov 1986 Kral, Robert
73695		 UWAL
Quercus virginiana Mill.
JSU124684 Baldwin 22 Aug 1968 Landers, Kenneth E.
s.n.		 JSU
Quercus virginiana Miller
TROY000032719 Butler 31 Oct 2010 Diamond, Alvin R.
21686		 TROY
Quercus virginiana Miller
AUA_ACC_71026 Lee 18 Apr 2013 Hansen, Curtis J.
5784B		 AUA
Quercus Virginiana P. Mill.
UNA00032746 Mobile 23 Apr 1950 Crawford, Lloyd C.
990		 UNA
Quercus virginiana P. Mill.
UWAL0018986 Geneva 26 Aug 1998 Kral, Robert
87765		 UWAL
Quercus virginiana Miller
TROY000006052 Coffee 04 Sep 2000 Martin, Brian H.
926		 TROY
Quercus virginiana Miller
UWAL0036485 Greene 28 Oct 2017 England, J. Kevin
8616		 UWAL
Quercus virginiana Miller
UNA00062911 Covington 27 Jul 2004 Diamond, Alvin R.
14531		 UNA
Quercus virginiana P. Mill.
JSU124686 Baldwin 15 Oct 1982 Whetstone, R. David
12826		 JSU
Quercus virginiana Miller
TROY000038986 Montgomery 27 Apr 2014 Diamond, Alvin R.
25022		 TROY
Quercus virginiana Miller
AUA_ACC_10198 Lee 5 May 1962 Landers, K.E.
 AUA
Quercus Virginiana P. Mill.
UNA00032751 Mobile 27 Mar 1965 Deramus, Rebecca
D 334		 UNA
Quercus virginiana P. Mill.
JSU124685 Baldwin 22 Aug 1968 Landers, Kenneth E.
s.n.		 JSU
Quercus virginiana Miller
TROY000036144 Bullock 02 Aug 2012 Dykes, Bailee
1136		 TROY
Quercus virginiana Miller
SAMF0002288 Mobile 27 Apr 2002 Bowles, Mollie E.
39		 SAMF
Quercus virginiana P. Miller
AUA_ACC_71027 Lee 18 Apr 2013 Hansen, Curtis J.
5784B		 AUA
Quercus Virginiana P. Mill.
UNA00032731 Mobile 23 Apr 1950 Crawford, Lloyd C.
994		 UNA
Quercus virginiana P. Mill.
JSU124688 Calhoun 13 Sep 1992 Spaulding, Daniel D.
2825		 JSU
Quercus virginiana Miller
AUA_ACC_63782 Covington 27 Jul 2004 Diamond, Alvin R.
14531		 AUA
Quercus Virginiana P. Mill.
TROY000006057 Pike 10 May 1991 Porter, Walt
19		 TROY
Quercus virginiana Miller
USAM000006956 Mobile 14 May 1968 LeLong, Michel G.
4593		 USAM
Quercus virginiana Miller
TROY000006055 Dallas 07 Oct 2000 Bruner, Randy
1		 TROY
Quercus virginiana Miller
UNA00032782 Baldwin 24 May 1980 Haynes, Robert R.
7793		 UNA
Quercus virginiana P. Mill.
AUA000032705 Lee 18 Apr 2013 Hansen, Curtis J.
5784A		 AUA
Quercus Virginiana P. Mill.
UWAL0007764 Mobile 25 Oct 1997 Keener, Brian R.
481		 UWAL
Quercus virginiana P. Mill.
JSU124690 Lee 12 Mar 1968 Brown, Dickie
s.n.		 JSU
Quercus virginiana Miller
AUA_ACC_17594 Lee 1 Jul 1969 Miller, L.C.
090		 AUA
Quercus Virginiana P. Mill.
SAMF0002287 Mobile 23 Sep 1989 Green, LeAnne
56		 SAMF
Quercus virginiana P. Miller
TROY000032562 Conecuh 26 Mar 2011 Diamond, Alvin R.
21835		 TROY
Quercus virginiana Miller
AUA_ACC_36372 Barbour 28 Nov 1972 Allen, J.D.
195		 AUA
Quercus Virginiana P. Mill.
TROY000028249 Covington 20 Jul 2009 Diamond, Alvin R.
20797		 TROY
Quercus virginiana Miller
UNA00032797 Baldwin 15 Apr 1950 Segars, Charles B.
204		 UNA
Quercus virginiana P. Mill.
UWAL0011169 Marengo 12 Jul 2012 England, J. Kevin
3654		 UWAL
Quercus virginiana Miller
AUA_ACC_17625 Conecuh 3 Aug 1969 Weaver, Jimmy
125		 AUA
Quercus Virginiana P. Mill.
AUA000042974 Cullman 25 Nov 1919 Wolf, Wolfgang
 AUA
Quercus Virginiana P. Mill.
USAM000006958 Baldwin 27 Sep 1975 LeLong, Michel G.
8761		 USAM
Quercus virginiana Miller
AUA_ACC_64228 Mobile 1 Apr 1994 Mann, Carroll J.
99		 AUA
Quercus Virginiana P. Mill.
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