Ambrosia trifida

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Distribution Map: Based on vouchered plant specimens only. View county names by placing the mouse cursor over a particular county.

Species Distribution Map
Family:ASTERACEAE
Species:Ambrosia trifida L.
Common Name:Giant Ragweed; Great Ragweed
Habitat:Open, disturbed sites.
Associated Ecological Communities:**
Growth Habit:Herb
Duration:Annual
Category:Vascular
USDA Symbol:**
Plant Notes:Giant Ragweed is a native herbaceous annual in the Sunflower family (Asteraceae). It can be found throughout Alabama. Giant Ragweed occurs along rivers and streams, along woodland margins, and in disturbed areas. It is an annual with a tap root. The stems are erect, branched, 3-12 feet in height, green in color, and ribbed. The leaves are opposite, petiolate, ovate to elliptic in outline, (un-lobed) palmately 3-5 lobed, with serrate margins. The leaves are pubescent with stiff hairs and gland dotted. Flowers are in heads. The staminate heads are arranged in terminal spikes or racemes. Pistillate heads occur in fascicles in the axils of the upper leaves. The staminate heads are stalked with a saucer shaped involucre. The staminate heads have 3-25-disc flowers, and the pistillate heads have a single disc flower. The flowers are yellowish-green in color. The fruit is a dark brown, beaked nutlet with a tough seed coat. The seed may remain dormant in the soil for many years awaiting a disturbance. The pollen of this plant is a major cause of hay fever. Giant Ragweed was cultivated by pre-Columbian Native Americans for the edible oil obtained from the seed. Seed from archaeological sites are 3-4 times as large as those of wild plants occurring today, indicating that they were selected for their size.--A. Diamond
Taxonomic Notes:**
Status:Native, FAC (NWI)
References:**
Specimen: View specimen details in the Alabama Herbarium Consortium Specimen Database

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

FamilyASTERACEAE - Aster family
Genus Ambrosia
Species Ambrosia trifida L. - Giant Ragweed; Great Ragweed

Citation

Citation Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 987. 1753.
Basionym: **
Type: Without data (lectotype: LINN 1114.1). Lectotypified by W. W. Payne, Trans. Wisconsin Acad. Sci. 58: 366. 1970.

** Not applicable or data not available.

Synonyms

SynonymFull CitationBasionymType
Ambrosia aptera Ambrosia aptera de Candolle, Prodr. 5: 527. 1836.  
Ambrosia integrifolia Ambrosia integrifolia Muhlenberg ex Willdenow, Sp. Pl. 4: 375. 1803. PENNSYLVANIA: Without data, Muhlenberg 442 (holotype: B-W).
Ambrosia simplicifolia Ambrosia simplicifolia Walter, Fl. Carol. 231. 1788. SOUTH CAROLINA
Ambrosia striata Ambrosia striata Rydberg, Brittonia 1: 96. 1931. COLORADO: Weld Co.: Windson, Aug 1901, Osterhout 2338 (holotype: NY).
Ambrosia trifida var. integrifolia Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus, var. integrifolia (Muhlenberg ex Willdenow) Torrey & A. Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 2: 290. 1842.Ambrosia integrifolia Muhlenberg ex Willdenow 1803. 
Ambrosia trifida var. aptera Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus, var. aptera (de Candolle) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 305. 1891.Ambrosia aptera de Candolle 1836. 
Ambrosia trifida var. heterophylla Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus, var. heterophylla Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 305. 1891. OHIO: Hamilton Co.: Cincinnati
Ambrosia trifida var. normalis Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus, var. normalis Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 305. 1891, nom. inadmiss.Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus 1753. 
Ambrosia trifida var. polyploidea Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus, var. polyploidea J. Rousseau, Naturaliste Canad. 71: 215. 1944. CANADA: Quebec: Near Montreal, cult. at Montreal, 23 Oct 1938, Morin et al. s.n. (holotype: MTJB).
Ambrosia trifida var. texana Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus, var. texana Scheele, Linnaea 22: 156. 1849. TEXAS
Ambrosia variabilis Ambrosia variabilis Rydberg, Brittonia 1: 97. 1931. SOUTH DAKOTA: Lawrence Co.: Deadwood, 4 Aug 1913, Carr 124 (holotype: NY).

Specimens and Distribution

This species has been reported in the following counties by the herbaria listed. An overview of the individual specimens are provided in the table that follows. Click on the accession number to view details; click on column headers to sort; choose a county or herbaria to filter the specimen data.

Counties included on distribution map: Autauga, Baldwin, Bibb, Blount, Bullock, Butler, Calhoun, Choctaw, Cleburne, Colbert, Conecuh, Coosa, Covington, Crenshaw, Dale, DeKalb, Escambia, Etowah, Fayette, Franklin, Greene, Hale, Jackson, Jefferson, Lauderdale, Lawrence, Lee, Lowndes, Madison, Marengo, Marshall, Monroe, Montgomery, Morgan, Perry, Pike, Randolph, Shelby, St. Clair, Sumter, Talladega, Tuscaloosa, Walker, Washington, Wilcox, Winston

Counties represented by specimen data listed below:

Herbaria represented by specimen data listed below: ALNHS, AMAL, AUA, BRIT, JSU, SAMF, TROY, UNA, UWAL

Range of years during which specimens were collected: 1880 - 2020

Barcode / Accession No. County Coll. Date Collector &
Collection No.		 Herbarium &
Herbarium Name Used		 Image
UWAL0050735 Jefferson 07 Sep 1984 Barber, J. Patrick
1050		 UWAL
Ambrosia trifida L.
AMAL00002605 Calhoun 04 Sep 1989 Spaulding, Daniel D.
277		 AMAL
Ambrosia trifida L.
UWAL0056535 Winston 26 Sep 2020 England, Kevin J.
11232		 UWAL
Ambrosa trifida L. var. trifida
BRIT73772 Coosa 16 Sep 2005 Diamond, Alvin R.
15763		 BRIT
Ambrosia trifida L.
JSU102965 Choctaw 13 Sep 1997 Higginbotham, Jerri W.
300		 JSU
Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus
AUA000001331 Lee 12 Aug 2005 Hansen, Curtis J.
2075		 AUA
Ambrosia Trifida L.
TROY000047713 Autauga 05 Oct 2018 Parker, Matthew R.
1804		 TROY
Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus
BRIT73778 Marshall 24 Aug 1974 Golden, Michael
s.n.		 BRIT
Ambrosia trifida L.
JSU102978 St. Clair 03 Sep 1982 Whetstone, R. David
12099		 JSU
Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus
UNA00044782 Greene 28 Sep 1962 Harper, Roland M.
4538		 UNA
Ambrosia trifida L.
AUA000001335 Pike 27 Sep 1994 Diamond, Alvin R.
9393		 AUA
Ambrosia Trifida L.
TROY000045631 Autauga 15 Sep 2016 Parker, Matthew R.
60		 TROY
Ambrosia trfida Linnaeus
AMAL00002606 Madison 22 Sep 1997 Threlkeld, Steven J.
1199		 AMAL
Ambrosia trifida L.
UNA00044784 Tuscaloosa 02 Oct 1975 Hoener, Fred K.
1310		 UNA
Ambrosia trifida L.
AUA000001323 Bibb 16 Sep 1976 Sessler, Ann H.
727		 AUA
Ambrosia Trifida L.
TROY000001388 Montgomery 16 Sep 2001 Diamond, Alvin R.
12663		 TROY
Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus
AMAL00008731 Pike 09 Oct 2003 Diamond, Alvin R.
14231		 AMAL
Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus
UWAL0013154 Morgan 10 Sep 2011 England, J. Kevin
3135		 UWAL
Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus
JSU102982 Talladega 23 Aug 1992 Ballard, J. Mark
551		 JSU
Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus
JSU102971 Jefferson 07 Sep 1984 Barber, J. Patrick
1050		 JSU
Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus
UWAL0046272 Autauga 05 Oct 2018 Parker, Matthew R.
1804		 UWAL
Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus
TROY000001384 Butler 17 Sep 2006 Diamond, Alvin R.
16906		 TROY
Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus
JSU102980 Shelby 11 Oct 1997 Spaulding, Daniel D.
10179		 JSU
Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus
UWAL0039140 Bullock 01 Oct 2016 Horne, Howard E.
3622		 UWAL
Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus
AUA000001326 Crenshaw 12 Sep 1996 Diamond, Alvin R.
10520		 AUA
Ambrosia Trifida L.
TROY000001386 Crenshaw 07 Sep 2000 Diamond, Alvin R.
12089		 TROY
Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus
JSU102977 Monroe 12 Sep 1997 Whetstone, R. David
18515		 JSU
Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus
JSU102963 Calhoun 05 Oct 1986 Lawler, Carol L.
1343		 JSU
Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus
UNA00013727 Wilcox 26 Sep 1880 Smith, Eugene A.
s.n.		 UNA
Ambrosia trifida L.
BRIT73780 Pike 09 Oct 1993 Diamond, Alvin R.
14231		 BRIT
Ambrosia trifida L.
AUA000001330 Lee 12 Aug 2005 Hansen, Curtis J.
2075		 AUA
Ambrosia Trifida L.
TROY000047901 Autauga 05 Oct 2017 Parker, Matthew R.
1362		 TROY
Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus
TROY000001389 Pike 09 Oct 2003 Diamond, Alvin R.
14231		 TROY
Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus
JSU102983 Talladega 02 Sep 1983 Whetstone, R. David
13613		 JSU
Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus
BRIT73781 Shelby 11 Oct 1997 Spaulding, Daniel D.
10179		 BRIT
Ambrosia trifida L.
UWAL0042842 Baldwin 09 Sep 2001 Larsen, Harry S.
821		 UWAL
Ambrosia trifida L.
TROY000001387 Dale 28 Sep 2000 Pennington, Tiffany
1032		 TROY
Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus
AUA000001324 Conecuh 25 Sep 1987 Diamond, Alvin R.
3649		 AUA
Ambrosia Trifida L.
TROY000045743 Autauga 13 Oct 2016 Parker, Matthew R.
175		 TROY
Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus
JSU102976 Monroe 12 Sep 1997 Whetstone, R. David
18464		 JSU
Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus
AUA000001337 Washington 9 Sep 1970 Moore, Harold D.
992		 AUA
Ambrosia Trifida L.
BRIT73774 Covington 05 Oct 1999 MacDonald, John R.
13580		 BRIT
Ambrosia trifida L.
AUA000001327 Escambia 1999 Searcy, Darryl
 AUA
Ambrosia Trifida L.
ALNHS00002989 Colbert 23 Sep 2014 Barger, T. Wayne
FH-564		 ALNHS
Ambrosia trifida L.
JSU102975 Marshall 04 Sep 1992 Spaulding, Daniel D.
2804		 JSU
Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus
AUA000001332 Lowndes 10 Sep 1970 Moore, Harold D.
1154		 AUA
Ambrosia Trifida L.
JSU102981 Talladega 14 Sep 1997 Ballard, J. Mark
7813		 JSU
Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus
UWAL0013772 Fayette 07 Sep 2009 Younghance, Steve L.
279		 UWAL
Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus
UNA00022770 Marengo 09 Sep 1993 Haynes, Chris G.
s.n.		 UNA
Ambrosia trifida L.
JSU102968 Etowah 20 Aug 1994 Hodge, Lesley M.
3077		 JSU
Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus
UWAL0050233 Pike 04 Oct 2018 Diamond, Alvin R.
28530		 UWAL
Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus
BRIT73775 Greene 08 Sep 1970 Moore, Harold D.
917		 BRIT
Ambrosia trifida L.
AUA000001333 Montgomery 1 Sep 1990 Diamond, Alvin R.
7093		 AUA
Ambrosia Trifida L.
UNA00044780 Bibb 11 Sep 1985 Horn, Charles N.
839		 UNA
Ambrosia trifida L.
SAMF0005200 Jefferson 23 Sep 2003 Davenport, Lawrence J.
2980		 SAMF
Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus
AUA000001334 Perry 8 Sep 1976 Sessler, Ann H.
587		 AUA
Ambrosia Trifida L.
BRIT73783 Talladega 14 Sep 1997 Ballard, J. Mark
7813		 BRIT
Ambrosia trifida L.
AMAL00010595 Coosa 16 Sep 2005 Diamond, Alvin R.
15763		 AMAL
Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus
UWAL0030484 Morgan 06 Sep 2015 England, J. Kevin
5676		 UWAL
Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus var. trifida
AMAL00021417 Randolph 17 Aug 1988 Nixon, Christoper F.
4170		 AMAL
Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus
JSU102974 Jefferson 14 Sep 1985 Barber, J. Patrick
1767		 JSU
Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus
TROY000036176 Bullock 31 Aug 2012 Dykes, Bailee
1184		 TROY
Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus
UWAL0011547 Bullock 31 Aug 2012 Dykes, Bailee
1184		 UWAL
Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus
TROY000030745 Wilcox 29 Aug 1960 Jones, Samuel B., Jr.
212		 TROY
Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus
AMAL00004505 Butler 17 Sep 2006 Diamond, Alvin R.
16906		 AMAL
Ambrosia trifida L.
UNA00054024 Blount 06 Sep 1997 Keener, Brian R.
371		 UNA
Ambrosia trifida L.
AUA000001329 Hale 8 Sep 1970 Moore, Harold D.
893		 AUA
Ambrosia Trifida L.
TROY000015970 Marengo 19 Sep 2008 England, J. Kevin
1153		 TROY
Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus
UWAL0046106 Autauga 05 Oct 2017 Parker, Matthew R.
1362		 UWAL
Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus
AUA000028947 Lauderdale 13 Aug 2009 Holt, Brian D.
SC-143		 AUA
Ambrosia Trifida L.
ALNHS00000808 Monroe 23 Aug 2011 Barger, T. Wayne
RH-325		 ALNHS
Ambrosia trifida L.
BRIT73776 Jackson 27 Aug 1993 DiPietro, Teresa
299		 BRIT
Ambrosia trifida L.
JSU102964 Calhoun 09 Sep 1980 Snow, David G.
102		 JSU
Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus
AUA000043778 Madison 13 Sep 2019 Hansen, Curtis J.
7752		 AUA
Ambrosia Trifida L.
BRIT73782 Sumter 05 Oct 1972 Kral, Robert
48758		 BRIT
Ambrosia trifida L.
AUA000030070 Morgan 6 Sep 2015 England, J. Kevin
5676		 AUA
Ambrosia Trifida L.
UNA00022765 Hale 29 Aug 1993 Haynes, Chris G.
s.n.		 UNA
Ambrosia trifida L.
SAMF0005201 Jefferson 09 Sep 2003 Davenport, Lawrence J.
2956		 SAMF
Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus
AUA000001338 Wilcox 29 Aug 1960 Jones, Jr., Samuel B.
213		 AUA
Ambrosia Trifida L.
BRIT73773 Covington 15 Jun 1999 MacDonald, John R.
13017		 BRIT
Ambrosia trifida L.
AMAL00002607 Madison 24 Aug 1996 Threlkeld, Steven J.
866		 AMAL
Ambrosia trifida L.
UNA00060559 Bibb 11 Sep 1985 Horn, Charles N.
839		 UNA
Ambrosia trifida L.
AUA000001336 Shelby 25 Sep 1977 Sessler, Ann H.
1870		 AUA
Ambrosia Trifida L.
TROY000015032 Coosa 16 Sep 2005 Diamond, Alvin R.
15763		 TROY
Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus
AMAL00002608 Montgomery 16 Sep 2001 Diamond, Alvin R.
12663		 AMAL
Ambrosia trifida L.
UWAL0051928 Madison 04 Oct 2020 England, J. Kevin
11255		 UWAL
Ambrosia trifida L.
JSU102966 Cleburne 15 Oct 1996 Hruska, Susan E.
1497		 JSU
Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus
JSU102973 Jefferson 14 Sep 1985 Barber, J. Patrick
1767		 JSU
Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus
UNA00044783 Greene 17 Sep 1966 Naugle, Helen E.
G 179		 UNA
Ambrosia trifida L.
JSU102972 Jefferson 17 Sep 1983 Whetstone, R. David
12454		 JSU
Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus
TROY000014560 Monroe 17 Sep 2007 Diamond, Alvin R.
18140		 TROY
Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus
JSU102979 Shelby 12 Oct 1996 Spaulding, Daniel D.
9329		 JSU
Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus
UWAL0034171 Walker 06 Sep 2015 Spaulding, Daniel D.
14447		 UWAL
Ambrosia trifida L.
AUA000001322 Autauga 7 Sep 1970 Moore, Harold D.
829		 AUA
Ambrosia Trifida L.
TROY000050105 10 Sep 2011 England, J. Kevin
3135		 TROY
Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus
JSU102969 Jackson 20 Aug 1998 Brodeur, Kristin R.
1308		 JSU
Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus
UNA00044781 Hale 02 Aug 1965 Maginness, Sherrie E.
s.n.		 UNA
Ambrosia trifida L.
BRIT73777 Madison 26 Aug 1986 Bryson, Charles T.
4970		 BRIT
Ambrosia trifida L.
AUA000001325 Coosa 16 Sep 2005 Diamond, Alvin R.
15763		 AUA
Ambrosia Trifida L.
UNA00062212 Pike 09 Oct 2003 Diamond, Alvin R.
14231		 UNA
Ambrosia trifida L.
UWAL0000437 Marengo 19 Sep 2008 England, J. Kevin
1153		 UWAL
Ambrosia trifida L.
JSU102967 DeKalb 02 Aug 1976 Whetstone, R. David
8832		 JSU
Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus
TROY000037720 Fayette 07 Sep 2009 Younghance, Steven L.
279		 TROY
Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus
UWAL0038735 Lawrence 01 Sep 2018 England, J. Kevin
9406		 UWAL
Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus
TROY000001385 Covington 05 Oct 1999 MacDonald, John R.
13580		 TROY
Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus
AMAL00021312 Marengo 19 Sep 2008 England, J. Kevin
1153		 AMAL
Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus
TROY000001383 Butler 14 Oct 2006 Diamond, Alvin R.
17083		 TROY
Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus
JSU102970 Jackson 23 Aug 1992 Clearman, F.W., Jr.
286		 JSU
Ambrosia trifida Linnaeus
AUA000001328 Greene 8 Sep 1970 Moore, Harold D.
917		 AUA
Ambrosia Trifida L.
BRIT73779 Franklin 26 Aug 1988 Kral, Robert
74840		 BRIT
Ambrosia trifida L.
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