Malaxis unifolia

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Distribution Map: Based on vouchered plant specimens only. View county names by placing the mouse cursor over a particular county.

Species Distribution Map
Family:ORCHIDACEAE
Species:Malaxis unifolia Michx.
Common Name:Green Adder's Mouth
Habitat:**
Associated Ecological Communities:**
Growth Habit:Herb
Duration:Perennial
Category:Vascular
USDA Symbol:MAUN
Plant Notes:Green Adder's Mouth Orchid is a native perennial in the Orchid family (Orchidaceae). It can be found throughout Alabama. Green Adder's Mouth Orchid occurs in sphagnum bogs, in seeps, in moist hardwood or pine forests, and occasionally on drier sites, especially in pine woodlands. It is a perennial from a pseudobulb (a storage organ found in many orchids that results from the thickening of a section of stem between leaves). Plants are 4-10 inches in height and all parts of the plant are green in color. There is a single leaf located about midpoint on the stem. The leaf is ovate in outline, glabrous, and has an entire margin. The leaf has a prominent midrib and a sheathing base. Flowers are produced in a terminal flat-topped raceme. The raceme elongates into a cylinder as the flowers develop. The stalked flowers are resupinate (upside down), and green in color. The lip has three teeth at its apex. The lateral petals are linear and strongly recurved. As many as 160 flowers are produced in a raceme. The fruit is a capsule with many dust-like seed. Green Adder's Mouth Orchid is a fairly common orchid, but is often over looked because of its small size and drab color. Flowering may occur at any time from spring through autumn. As with most orchids, there is a symbiotic relationship with fungi in the soil. This makes the plants very difficult to grow or transplant. You should never dig wild native orchids!--A. Diamond
Taxonomic Notes:**
Status:Native, FAC+ (NWI)
References:**
Specimen: View specimen details in the Alabama Herbarium Consortium Specimen Database

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

FamilyORCHIDACEAE - Orchid family
Genus Malaxis
Species Malaxis unifolia Michx. - Green Adder's Mouth

Citation

Citation Malaxis unifolia Michaux, Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 157. 1803.
Basionym: **
Type: **

** Not applicable or data not available.

Synonyms

SynonymFull CitationBasionymType
Achroanthes unifolia Achroanthes unifolia (Michaux) Rafinesque, Med. Repos., ser. 2. 5: 352. 1808.Malaxis unifolia Michaux 1803. 
Malaxis bayardii Malaxis bayardii Fernald, Rhodora 38: 402. 1936. VIRGINIA: Nansemond Co.: Kilby, 11 Sep 1935, Fernald et al. 4851 (holotype: GH; isotypes: PH).
Malaxis grisebachiana Malaxis grisebachiana (Fawcett & Rendle) Fawcett & Rendle, Fl. Jamaica 1: 43, pl. 6, f. 18-23. 1910.Microstylis grisebachiana Fawcett & Rendle 1909. 
Malaxis ophioglossoides Malaxis ophioglossoides Muhlenberg ex Willdenow, Sp. Pl. 4: 90. 1805, nom. illegit.Malaxis unifolia Michaux 1803. 
Malaxis thlaspiformis Malaxis thlaspiformis A. Richard & Galeotti, Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., ser. 3. 3: 18. 1845.  
Microstylis grisebachiana Microstylis grisebachiana Fawcett & Rendle, J. Bot. 47: 7. 1909. JAMAICA
Microstylis ophioglossoides Microstylis ophioglossoides Eaton, Man. Bot. 3: 115, 347, 353. 1822, nom. illegit.Malaxis ophioglossoides Muhlenberg ex Willdenow 1805, nom. illegit.; Malaxis unifolia Michaux 1803. 
Microstylis ophioglossoides var. mexicana Microstylis ophioglossoides (Muhlenberg ex Willdenow) Eaton, var. mexicana Lindley, Edwards's Bot. Reg. 15: pl. 1290. 1829. MEXICO
Microstylis unifolia Microstylis unifolia (Michaux) Britton et al., Prelim. Cat. 51. 1888.Malaxis unifolia Michaux 1803. 

Specimens and Distribution

This species has been reported in the following counties by the herbaria listed. An overview of the individual specimens are provided in the table that follows. Click on the accession number to view details; click on column headers to sort; choose a county or herbaria to filter the specimen data.

Counties included on distribution map: Baldwin, Blount, Calhoun, Cherokee, Chilton, Clay, Cleburne, Conecuh, Covington, Cullman, DeKalb, Escambia, Etowah, Hale, Jackson, Jefferson, Lawrence, Lee, Macon, Madison, Monroe, Randolph, Russell, Sumter, Talladega, Tuscaloosa, Winston

Counties represented by specimen data listed below:

Herbaria represented by specimen data listed below: ALNHS, AMAL, AUA, JSU, SAMF, TROY, UNA, UNAF, UWAL

Range of years during which specimens were collected: 1874 - 1994

Barcode / Accession No. County Coll. Date Collector &
Collection No.		 Herbarium &
Herbarium Name Used		 Image
AUA_ACC_13991 Lee 30 Jun 1967 Hamilton, James H.
 AUA
Malaxis Unifolia Michx.
UNA00008563 Hale 21 Jun 1966 Williams, Norris H.
319		 UNA
Malaxis unifolia Michx.
AUA_ACC_43011 Lee 16 Jun 1972 Bloodworth, N.Beth
009		 AUA
Malaxis Unifolia Michx.
UNA00012843 Tuscaloosa 16 May 1874 Mohr, Charles
s.n.		 UNA
Malaxis unifolia Michx.
UWAL0011255 Lawrence 28 Apr 2012 England, J. Kevin
3372		 UWAL
Malaxis unifolia Michaux
JSU113512 Blount 29 May 1974 Atkinson, Tim A.
276		 JSU
Malaxis unifolia Michaux
AUA_ACC_34563 Covington 23 May 1979 Johnson, Kenneth G.
 AUA
Malaxis Unifolia Michx.
JSU113519 Cleburne 7 Oct 1994 Hruska, Susan E.
488		 JSU
Malaxis unifolia Michaux
AUA_ACC_30861 Lee 6 Jul 1973 Owen, J.T.
074		 AUA
Malaxis Unifolia Michx.
TROY000037499 Lawrence 28 Apr 2012 England, J. Kevin
3372		 TROY
Malaxis unifolia Michaux
AUA_ACC_11428 Lee 30 Jun 1967 Eichlin, Thomas D.
 AUA
Malaxis Unifolia Michx.
AUA_ACC_1948 Lee 10 May 1953 Speake, Dan W.
 AUA
Malaxis Unifolia Michx.
JSU113528 Lee 6 Jul 1973 Crance, G.H.
51		 JSU
Malaxis unifolia Michaux
JSU113511 Blount 6 Jul 1998 Keener, Brian R.
1176		 JSU
Malaxis unifolia Michaux
JSU113526 Jackson 22 Jun 1999 Brodeur, Kristin R.
2019		 JSU
Malaxis unifolia Michaux
JSU113513 Calhoun 29 Aug 1999 Spaulding, Daniel D.
10686		 JSU
Malaxis unifolia Michaux
JSU113530 Randolph 11 Oct 1985 Nixon, Christopher F.
1397		 JSU
Malaxis unifolia Michaux
JSU130636 Calhoun 18 Jun 1969 Landers, Kenneth E.
s.n.		 JSU
Malaxis unifolia Michaux
AUA_ACC_1947 Lee 10 May 1953 Arthur, Wayne
 AUA
Malaxis Unifolia Michx.
JSU113515 Calhoun 14 May 1974 Atkinson, Tim A.
202		 JSU
Malaxis unifolia Michaux
AMAL00001306 Cherokee 26 Aug 1995 Spaulding, Daniel D.
8718		 AMAL
Malaxis unifolia Michaux
UNA00008543 Talladega 21 Jun 1980 Meigs, Russell A.
879		 UNA
Malaxis unifolia Michx.
JSU113522 Cleburne 25 May 1994 Hruska, Susan E.
179		 JSU
Malaxis unifolia Michaux
UWAL0054295 Clay 25 Oct 2021 Keener, Brian R.
12348		 UWAL
Malaxis unifolia Michaux
JSU113529 Randolph Nixon, Christopher F.
1168		 JSU
Malaxis unifolia Michaux
JSU113521 Cleburne 9 Aug 1992 Ballard, J. Mark
518		 JSU
Malaxis unifolia Michaux
AUA_ACC_37071 Monroe 12 May 1981 O'Halloran, K.
142		 AUA
Malaxis Unifolia Michx.
UNAF0001581 Cullman 16 Jun 1992 Black, C. Dale
s.n.		 UNAF
Malaxis unifolia Michaux
UNA00008568 Calhoun 21 Jun 1980 Meigs, Russell A.
849		 UNA
Malaxis unifolia Michx.
JSU113525 Etowah 4 Jul 1995 Hodge-Spaulding, Lesley M.
4276		 JSU
Malaxis unifolia Michaux
JSU113514 Calhoun 19 Oct 1996 Ballard, J. Mark
7031		 JSU
Malaxis unifolia Michaux
UNA00008558 Chilton 09 Jul 1987 Haynes, Robert R.
9234		 UNA
Malaxis unifolia Michx.
AMAL00019306 Calhoun 19 May 1994 Ballard, J. Mark
3972		 AMAL
Malaxis unifolia Michaux
UNA00008553 Baldwin 02 Jun 1886 Mohr, Charles
s.n.		 UNA
Malaxis unifolia Michx.
AUA_ACC_22883 Lee 9 Oct 1971 Little, Jackie A.
067		 AUA
Malaxis Unifolia Michx.
JSU113523 Cleburne 19 May 1976 Atkinson, Tim A.
1488		 JSU
Malaxis unifolia Michaux
AUA_ACC_53637 Calhoun 28 Jul 1993 Hilton, Jarel L.
87		 AUA
Malaxis Unifolia Michx.
JSU113520 Cleburne 26 Oct 1994 Hruska, Susan E.
529		 JSU
Malaxis unifolia Michaux
JSU113527 Jackson 15 Jul 1998 Brodeur, Kristin R.
1052		 JSU
Malaxis unifolia Michaux
TROY000030864 Lee 19 May 1950 Davis, Donald E.
s.n.		 TROY
Malaxis unifolia Michaux
JSU113524 DeKalb 5 May 1994 Ballard, J. Mark
4053		 JSU
Malaxis unifolia Michaux
UNA00064963 DeKalb 11 May 2006 Keener, Brian R.
2872		 UNA
Malaxis unifolia Michx.
AUA_ACC_1949 Lee 19 May 1950 Davis, Donald E.
 AUA
Malaxis Unifolia Michx.
ALNHS00004088 Randolph 26 May 2016 Barger, T. Wayne
SP#2308		 ALNHS
Malaxis unifolia Michx.
UNA00008573 Madison 14 Aug 1979 Meigs, Russell A.
213		 UNA
Malaxis unifolia Michx.
AUA_ACC_37276 Sumter 3 Jun 1981 Henderson, T.
134		 AUA
Malaxis Unifolia Michx.
JSU113517 Clay 14 Jun 1993 Ballard, J. Mark
2784		 JSU
Malaxis unifolia Michaux
AUA000029739 Macon 26 May 2016 Birkhead, Roger
 AUA
Malaxis Unifolia Michx.
AUA_ACC_19615 Lee 1 Aug 1969 Moore, Harold D.
348-69		 AUA
Malaxis Unifolia Michx.
AUA000043195 Cullman 8 Jul 1920 Wolf, Wolfgang
617		 AUA
Malaxis Unifolia Michx.
JSU113531 Winston 17 Sep 1994 Spaulding, Daniel D.
6368		 JSU
Malaxis unifolia Michaux
UNA00023692 Escambia 16 Aug 1994 Haynes, Robert R.
9480		 UNA
Malaxis unifolia Michx.
JSU113518 Clay 24 May 1973 Whetstone, R. David
s.n.		 JSU
Malaxis unifolia Michaux
SAMF0006760 Jefferson 28 May 2017 Davenport, Lawrence J.
6547		 SAMF
Malaxis unifolia Michaux
UWAL0005448 Lee 19 May 1950 Davis, Donald E.
s.n.		 UWAL
Malaxis unifolia Michx.
UWAL0050943 Clay 27 Sep 1970 Dean, Blanche E.
303A		 UWAL
Malaxia unifolia
UWAL0044212 Baldwin 18 Apr 1994 Nation, N. Fred
309		 UWAL
Malaxis unifolia Michx.
JSU113516 Cherokee 18 Apr 1998 Spaulding, Daniel D.
10497		 JSU
Malaxis unifolia Michaux
ALNHS00004063 Randolph 26 May 2016 Barger, T. Wayne
SP#2308		 ALNHS
Malaxis unifolia Michx.
UNA00054348 Blount 06 Jul 1998 Keener, Brian R.
1176		 UNA
Malaxis unifolia Michx.
AMAL00007608 Russell 19 Jun 1978 Kral, Robert
62067		 AMAL
Malaxis unifolia Michaux
AUA_ACC_39924 Conecuh 18 Apr 1983 Diamond, Alvin R.
 AUA
Malaxis Unifolia Michx.
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