Tilia americana var. heterophylla

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Distribution Map: Based on vouchered plant specimens only. View county names by placing the mouse cursor over a particular county.

Species Distribution Map
Family:MALVACEAE
Species:Tilia americana Linnaeus var. heterophylla (Ventenat) Loudon
Common Name:Mountain Basswood; White Basswood; Linden Tree
Habitat:**
Associated Ecological Communities:**
Growth Habit:Tree
Duration:Perennial
Category:Vascular
USDA Symbol:TIAMH
Plant Notes:White Basswood is a large native deciduous tree in the Mallow family (Malvaceae). It occurs throughout Alabama. White Basswood grows in ravines, in rich hardwood forests, in prairie woods, and along streams and rivers. It is a large tree with a mature height of 100-120 feet. Bark on young trees is smooth and light gray. On older trees the bark is gray and furrowed and is rough to the touch. Leaves are alternate and two-ranked. The leaf blade is orbicular or cordate in outline with serrate margins. The teeth of the margins are glandular. The upper surface of the leaf is dark green and the lower surface is glaucous. The bases of the leaves are often not symmetrical. Flowers are produced in drooping cymes. Each cyme has 10-20 flowers. The lower half of the peduncle of the cyme adheres to an elongated floral bract. Individual flowers have 5 cream colored sepals and 5 cream colored petals. The flowers are fragrant. The fruit is a round woody nutlet. Leaves often turn bright yellow in the autumn before falling. White Basswood is a good ornamental tree for landscapes with enough room for it. Charles Sargent, in The Silva of North America, said of it: "Few North American trees surpass it in beauty of foliage; and the contrast made by the snowy whiteness of the under surface of its ample leaves as they flutter on their slender stems, with the dark green of the Hemlocks and Laurels on the banks of rapid mountain streams produces one of the most beautiful effects which can be seen in the splendid forests which clothe the valleys of the southern Appalachian Mountains." Taxonomy of Basswoods in subject to much disagreement and debate. Some prefer to recognize several taxa at the species level, while others prefer to recognize them as varieties of the widespread American Basswood (Tilia americana Linnaeus). Southern Basswood (Tilia americana Linnaeus var. caroliniana (P. Miller) Castiglioni) is the other variety recognized as occurring in Alabama. It differs from White Basswood b
Taxonomic Notes:**
Status:Native
References:**
Specimen: View specimen details in the Alabama Herbarium Consortium Specimen Database

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

FamilyMALVACEAE - Mallow family
Genus Tilia
Species Tilia americana Linnaeus var. heterophylla (Ventenat) Loudon - Mountain Basswood; White Basswood; Linden Tree

Citation

Citation TILIA AMERICANA Linnaeus, var. HETEROPHYLLA (Ventenat) Loudon, Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 1: 375. 1838.
Basionym: Tilia heterophylla Ventenat 1800.
Type: SOUTH CAROLINA:

** Not applicable or data not available.

Synonyms

SynonymFull CitationBasionymType
Tilia americana subsp. heterophylla Tilia americana Linnaeus, subsp. heterophylla (Ventenat) E. Murray, Kalmia 13: 32. 1983.Tilia heterophylla Ventenat 1800. 
Tilia australis Tilia australis Small, Fl. S.E. U.S. 761, 1335. 1903. ALABAMA: Blount Co.: Without locality, 20 Jun 1897, Eggert s.n. (holotype: NY; isotype: MO).
Tilia caroliniana var. lata Tilia caroliniana Miller, var. lata (Ashe) Ashe, Torreya 31: 39. 1931.Tilia lata Ashe 1926. 
Tilia eburnea var. lasioclada Tilia eburnea Ashe, var. lasioclada (Sargent) Ashe, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 53: 31. 1926.Tilia lasioclada Sargent 1918. 
Tilia floridana var. australis Tilia floridana Small, var. australis (Small) Sargent, Bot. Gaz. 66: 435. 1918.Tilia australis Small 1903. 
Tilia heterophylla var. amphibola Tilia heterophylla Ventenat, var. amphibola Sargent, Bot. Gaz. 66: 507. 1918. FLORIDA: Gadsden Co.: River Junction, s.d., Harbison 1484 (holotype: A).
Tilia heterophylla var. michauxii Tilia heterophylla Ventenat, var. michauxii Sargent, Bot. Gaz. 66: 506. 1918.  
Tilia heterophylla var. microdonta Tilia heterophylla Ventenat, var. microdonta V. Engler, Monogr. Gatt. Tilia 135. 1909.  
Tilia heterophylla var. nivea Tilia heterophylla Ventenat, var. nivea Sargent, Bot. Gaz. 66: 507. 1918. FLORIDA: Gadsden Co.: River Junction, 19 Apr & 20 Jun 1917, Harbison 29 (holotype: A).
Tilia heterophylla var. tenera Tilia heterophylla Ventenat, var. tenera (Ashe) Ashe, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 53: 30. 1926.Tilia tenera Ashe 1917. 
Tilia lasioclada Tilia lasioclada Sargent, Bot. Gaz. 66: 502. 1918. GEORGIA: Richmond Co.: Slopes near the Savannah River 3 mi. below Augusta, 17 Jun & 23 Aug 1916, Harbison 8 (holotype: A).
Tilia lata Tilia lata Ashe, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 53: 30. 1926. ALABAMA: Winston Co.: Near Sipsey Fork Bridge between Addison and Houston, May 1923, Ashe s.n. (holotype: NCU?).
Tilia monticola Tilia monticola Sargent, Bot. Gaz. 66: 508. 1918. NORTH CAROLINA:
Tilia opposita Tilia opposita Ashe, Bull. Charleston Mus. 13: 27. 1917. GEORGIA: Rabun Co.:
Tilia tenera Tilia tenera Ashe, Bull. Charleston Mus. 13: 271. 1917. NORTH CAROLINA: Moore Co.: Near Jessup,
Tilia venulosa Tilia venulosa Sargent, Bot. Gaz. 66: 428. 1918. NORTH CAROLINA
Tilia eburnea Tilia eburnea Ashe, Bot. Gaz. 33: 231. 1902. NORTH CAROLINA: Polk Co.: Near Esmeralda Inn along the Hickorynut Creek, 10 Jul 1895, Ashe 142 (holotype: NCU; isotype: NY).
Tilia heterophylla Tilia heterophylla Ventenat, Anales Hist. Nat. 2: 68. 1800. SOUTH CAROLINA:
Tilia michauxii    

Specimens and Distribution

This species has been reported in the following counties by the herbaria listed. An overview of the individual specimens are provided in the table that follows. Click on the accession number to view details; click on column headers to sort; choose a county or herbaria to filter the specimen data.

Counties included on distribution map: Autauga, Bullock, Calhoun, Chambers, Cherokee, Clarke, Cleburne, Coosa, Crenshaw, Cullman, Dallas, Elmore, Etowah, Fayette, Franklin, Geneva, Henry, Houston, Lawrence, Lee, Lowndes, Madison, Montgomery, Pike, Russell, Shelby, St. Clair, Tuscaloosa, Wilcox, Winston

Counties represented by specimen data listed below:

Herbaria represented by specimen data listed below: ALNHS, AUA, JSU, SAMF, TROY, UNA, UWAL

Range of years during which specimens were collected: 1888 - 1998

Barcode / Accession No. County Coll. Date Collector &
Collection No.		 Herbarium &
Herbarium Name Used		 Image
AUA_ACC_3416 Houston 18 Apr 1936 Smith, E.V.
 AUA
Tilia Americana L. Var. Heterophylla (Vent.) Loud.
AUA_ACC_57462 Crenshaw 27 Aug 1995 Diamond, Alvin R.
9884		 AUA
Tilia Americana L. Var. Heterophylla (Vent.) Loud.
AUA_ACC_39494 Dallas 17 Jun 1982 Gunn, Scott C.
809		 AUA
Tilia Americana L. Var. Heterophylla (Vent.) Loud.
ALNHS00005128 Elmore 14 JUN 2017 Barger, T. Wayne
YLW-224		 ALNHS
Tilia americana L. var. heterophylla (Vent.) Loud.
UWAL0052220 Winston 16 Jul 2017 Keener, Brian R.
10271		 UWAL
Tilia americana var. heterophylla (Vent.) Loudon
UNA00010748 Cleburne 22 Jul 1968 Kral, Robert
31848		 UNA
Tilia heterophylla Vent.
UNA00069335 Etowah 29 Jun 2008 Keener, Brian R.
4664		 UNA
Tilia americana L. var. heterophylla (Vent.) Loud.
AUA_ACC_30331 Cleburne 17 May 1969 Gregory, J.M.
157		 AUA
Tilia Americana L. Var. Heterophylla (Vent.) Loud.
TROY000024375 Lowndes 22 Aug 2004 Kral, Robert
95550		 TROY
Tilia americana Linnaeus var. heterophylla (Ventenat) Loudon
AUA_ACC_18005 Cleburne 22 Jul 1968 Kral, Robert
31848		 AUA
Tilia Americana L. Var. Heterophylla (Vent.) Loud.
TROY000024185 Etowah 03 Jul 2002 Kral, Robert
92830		 TROY
Tilia americana Linnaeus var. heterophylla (Ventenat) Loudon
AUA_ACC_52658 Montgomery 15 Jun 1991 Diamond, Alvin R.
7464		 AUA
Tilia Americana L. Var. Heterophylla (Vent.) Loud.
UNA00050055 Geneva 10 May 1998 MacDonald, John R.
11197		 UNA
Tilia heterophylla Vent.
UWAL0030282 Pike 02 Sep 2015 Diamond, Alvin R.
26770		 UWAL
Tilia americana Linnaeus var. heterophylla (Ventenat) Loudon
UNA00010768 Lee 21 Jun 1980 Haynes, Robert R.
7871		 UNA
Tilia heterophylla Vent.
UNA00010753 Russell 24 Jun 1950 Crawford, Lloyd C.
1275		 UNA
Tilia heterophylla Vent.
AUA_ACC_14776 Cleburne 17 May 1969 Gregory, J.M.
157		 AUA
Tilia Americana L. Var. Heterophylla (Vent.) Loud.
TROY000009410 Wilcox 07 Aug 2007 Keener, Brian R.
3816		 TROY
Tilia americana Linnaeus var. heterophylla (Ventenat) Loudon
TROY000024178 St. Clair 29 Jun 2008 Keener, Brian R.
4680		 TROY
Tilia americana Linnaeus var. heterophylla (Ventenat) Loudon
JSU144041 Cleburne 31 May 1993 Hutchinson, Francine
1636		 JSU
Tilia americana Linnaeus var. heterophylla (Ventenat) Loudon
UNA00034178 Dallas 17 Jun 1982 Gunn, Scott C.
809		 UNA
Tilia heterophylla Vent.
UWAL0004294 Wilcox 07 Aug 2007 Keener, Brian R.
3816		 UWAL
Tilia americana L. var. heterophylla (Vent.) Loud.
UWAL0047094 Madison 25 May 2017 Schotz, Alfred
2196		 UWAL
Tilia americana L. var. heterophylla (Ventenat) Loudon
UWAL0047851 Lawrence 19 May 2008 England, J. Kevin
791		 UWAL
Tilia americana Linnaeus var. heterophylla (Ventenat) Loudon
AUA_ACC_13692 Lawrence 4 Jul 1966 Daly, Jr., Robert
 AUA
Tilia Americana L. Var. Heterophylla (Vent.) Loud.
UNA00010763 Clarke 22 Apr 1888 Mohr, Charles
s.n.		 UNA
Tilia heterophylla Vent.
UWAL0030052 Montgomery 04 Jun 2015 Diamond, Alvin R.
26451		 UWAL
Tilia americana Linnaeus var. heterophylla (Ventenat) Loudon
TROY000024170 Etowah 29 Jun 2008 Keener, Brian R.
4664		 TROY
Tilia americana Linnaeus var. heterophylla (Ventenat) Loudon
UWAL0004288 Etowah 29 Jun 2008 Keener, Brian R.
4662		 UWAL
Tilia americana L. var. heterophylla (Ventenat) Louden
UNA00010773 Coosa 22 Jun 1980 Davenport, Lawrence J.
2005		 UNA
Tilia heterophylla Vent.
UWAL0047191 Autauga 24 Aug 2017 Parker, Matthew R.
1147		 UWAL
Tilia americana Linnaeus var. heterophylla (Ventenat) Loudon
AUA000042022 Bullock 20 Jun 2016 Barger, T. Wayne
WLE-59		 AUA
Tilia Americana L. Var. Heterophylla (Vent.) Loud.
SAMF0003415 Calhoun 08 Jul 2013 Davenport, Lawrence J.
5514		 SAMF
Tilia americana Linnaeus var. heterophylla (Ventenat) Loudon
UNA00010728 Chambers 02 Jul 1979 Haynes, Robert R.
7382		 UNA
Tilia heterophylla Vent.
UWAL0030938 Henry 25 Aug 1998 Kral, Robert
87721		 UWAL
Tilia americana L var. heterophylla (Vent.) Loud
ALNHS00008316 Houston 12 Jul 2023 Barger, T. Wayne
SP#6142		 ALNHS
Tilia americana L. var. heterophylla (Vent.) Loud.
AUA_ACC_38102 Russell 8 Jul 1981 Zauner, B.
032		 AUA
Tilia Americana L. Var. Heterophylla (Vent.) Loud.
AUA000030684 Lee 6 May 2010 Hansen, Curtis J.
4654		 AUA
Tilia Americana L. Var. Heterophylla (Vent.) Loud.
UNA00010743 Montgomery 05 Jun 1969 Thomas, Joab L.
2168		 UNA
Tilia heterophylla Vent.
UNA00010758 Franklin 12 Jun 1892 Mohr, Charles
s.n.		 UNA
Tilia heterophylla Vent.
AUA_ACC_62596 Lee 2000 Anonymous
 AUA
Tilia Americana L. Var. Heterophylla (Vent.) Loud.
UNA00058834 Henry 12 May 1999 Kral, Robert
88382		 UNA
Tilia heterophylla Vent.
AUA000041185 Madison 25 May 2017 Schotz, Alfred
2196		 AUA
Tilia Americana L. Var. Heterophylla (Vent.) Loudon
AUA000043373 Cullman Jul 1904 Wolf, Wolfgang
971		 AUA
Tilia Americana L. Var. Heterophylla (Vent.) Loud.
AUA_ACC_49094 Henry 7 Jul 1988 Diamond, Alvin R.
5165		 AUA
Tilia Americana L. Var. Heterophylla (Vent.) Loud.
UNA00057932 Fayette 08 May 2002 Haynes, Robert R.
10231		 UNA
Tilia americana L. var. heterophylla (Vent.) Loud.
UNA00067109 Wilcox 07 Aug 2007 Keener, Brian R.
3816		 UNA
Tilia americana L. var. heterophylla (Vent.) Loud.
UWAL0047652 Montgomery 18 Aug 2017 Barger, T. Wayne
SP#3309		 UWAL
Tilia americana L. var. heterophylla (Vent.) Loud.
UNA00010733 Tuscaloosa 16 Oct 1982 Burckhalter, Robert
77		 UNA
Tilia heterophylla Vent.
JSU135891 Cherokee 31 May 1968 Landers, Kenneth E.
s.n.		 JSU
Tilia americana Linnaeus var. heterophylla (Ventenat) Loudon
AUA_ACC_47329 Russell 26 Jun 1981 Gates, William R.
15		 AUA
Tilia Americana L. Var. Heterophylla (Vent.) Loud.
TROY000009413 Lee 17 Jun 1978 Kral, Robert
62039		 TROY
Tilia americana Linnaeus var. heterophylla (Ventenat) Loudon
JSU144366 Madison 29 Jun 1969 Tudor, Jessica
s.n.		 JSU
Tilia americana Linnaeus var. heterophylla (Ventenat) Loudon
AUA_ACC_41847 Calhoun 15 Jul 1973 Spencer, S.K.
090		 AUA
Tilia Americana L. Var. Heterophylla (Vent.) Loud.
AUA_ACC_57461 Pike 27 Aug 1995 Diamond, Alvin R.
9885		 AUA
Tilia Americana L. Var. Heterophylla (Vent.) Loud.
AUA_ACC_33706 St. Clair 21 Jun 1978 Owsley, C.Michael
 AUA
Tilia Americana L. Var. Heterophylla (Vent.) Loud.
ALNHS00005199 Montgomery 18 AUG 2017 Barger, T. Wayne
SP#3309		 ALNHS
Tilia americana L. var. heterophylla (Vent.) Loud.
UNA00010738 Calhoun 24 May 1979 Haynes, Robert R.
7180		 UNA
Tilia heterophylla Vent.
UNA00021967 Calhoun 28 May 1974 Kral, Robert
53126		 UNA
Tilia heterophylla Vent.
AUA_ACC_62965 Cleburne 3 May 1957 Adams, W.H.
 AUA
Tilia Americana L. Var. Heterophylla (Vent.) Loud.
UNA00063507 Etowah 03 Jul 2002 Kral, Robert
92830		 UNA
Tilia heterophylla Vent.
AUA_ACC_22340 Cleburne 16 May 1970 Shehane, Ronnie
125		 AUA
Tilia Americana L. Var. Heterophylla (Vent.) Loud.
TROY000030668 Houston 18 Apr 1936 Smith, E.V.
s.n.		 TROY
Tilia americana Linnaeus var. heterophylla (Ventenat) Loudon
TROY000024172 Etowah 29 Jun 2008 Keener, Brian R.
4662		 TROY
Tilia americana Linnaeus var. heterophylla (Ventenat) Loudon
UWAL0004289 Etowah 29 Jun 2008 Keener, Brian R.
4664		 UWAL
Tilia americana L. var. heterophylla (Ventenat) Louden
UWAL0045238 Bullock 29 Aug 2017 Horne, Howard E.
4193		 UWAL
Tilia americana Linnaeus var. heterophylla (Ventenat) Loudon
TROY000050695 Lawrence 19 May 2008 England, J. Kevin
791		 TROY
Tilia americana Linnaeus var. heterophylla (Ventenat) Loudon
AUA_ACC_34841 Shelby 10 Jun 1977 Sessler, Ann H.
1557		 AUA
Tilia Americana L. Var. Heterophylla (Vent.) Loud.
TROY000042807 Pike 02 Sep 2015 Diamond, Alvin R.
26770		 TROY
Tilia americana Linnaeus var. heterophylla (Ventenat) Loudon
AUA_ACC_17112 Lee 4 Aug 1969 Mcvay, D.A.
187		 AUA
Tilia Americana L. Var. Heterophylla (Vent.) Loud.
TROY000042640 Montgomery 07 Jun 2015 Diamond, Alvin R.
26451		 TROY
Tilia americana Linnaeus var. heterophylla (Ventenat) Loudon
UWAL0004292 St. Clair 29 Jun 2008 Keener, Brian R.
4680		 UWAL
Tilia americana L. var. heterophylla (Ventenat) Louden
AUA000043370 Cullman 18 Jun 1919 Wolf, Wolfgang
 AUA
Tilia Americana L. Var. Heterophylla (Vent.) Loud.
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