Fraxinus caroliniana

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Distribution Map: Based on vouchered plant specimens only. View county names by placing the mouse cursor over a particular county.

Species Distribution Map
Family:OLEACEAE
Species:Fraxinus caroliniana Mill.
Common Name:Carolina Ash; Water Ash; Pop Ash
Habitat:**
Associated Ecological Communities:**
Growth Habit:Tree
Duration:Perennial
Category:Vascular
USDA Symbol:**
Plant Notes:Carolina Ash is a native deciduous tree in the Olive family (Oleaceae). It occurs in the southern two-thirds of Alabama. Carolina Ash occurs on river and stream banks, in alluvial woods and swamps, and around pond margins. It often grows in shallow standing water. It is a medium sized tree or large shrub, growing to 30 feet in height. It often has multiple trunks with swollen bases. Young branches are round in cross section, greenish-brown in color, and slightly pubescent. Older shoots are grey in color. Twigs are slightly flattened and swollen at the nodes and have scattered roundish white lenticels. The trunk has grey bark furrowed into shallow fissures and long narrow ridges. Leaves are opposite, petiolate, and odd pinnate with 5-7 leaflets. The leaflets are lanceolate to elliptic or oblong in outline, glabrous or sparsely pubescent, with shallowly serrate or crenate margins. The leaves are dark green above and lighter green or whitish below. Carolina Ash is dioecious, with separate male and female plants. The inconspicuous flowers lack petals and appear before the leaves. They are produced in drooping panicles from the axils of the old leaf scars. The fruit is a flattened samara that is elliptic to obovate in outline and often reddish in color. The samara is sometimes 3-angled and is winged to the base. Carolina ash is a small, crooked tree with limited commercial importance. The wood is lighter and softer wood than other ashes, and it is used mainly for pulp or sometimes for the construction of guitar bodies. Carolina Ash is a larval food plant for the Eastern tiger swallowtail butterfly (Papilio polyxenes).—A. Diamond.
Taxonomic Notes:**
Status:Native, OBL (NWI)
References:**
Specimen: View specimen details in the Alabama Herbarium Consortium Specimen Database

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

FamilyOLEACEAE - Olive family
Genus Fraxinus
Species Fraxinus caroliniana Mill. - Carolina Ash; Water Ash; Pop Ash

Citation

Citation Fraxinus caroliniana Miller, Gard. Dict. (ed. 8) Fraxinus no. 6. 1768.
Basionym: **
Type: USA: SOUTH CAROLINA: Cult. in England, without data (holotype: K).

** Not applicable or data not available.

Synonyms

SynonymFull CitationBasionymType
Calycomelia caroliniana Calycomelia caroliniana (Miller) Kosteletzky, Allg. Med.-Pharm. Fl. 3: 1004. 1834.Fraxinus caroliniana Miller 1768. 
Calycomelia pallida Calycomelia pallida (Bosc) Kosteletzky, Ind. Hort. Bot. Prag. 26. 1844.Fraxinus pallida Bosc 1809. 
Calycomelia platicarpa Calycomelia platicarpa (Michaux) Kosteletzky, Ind. Hort. Bot. Prag. 26. 1844.Fraxinus platicarpa Michaux 1803. 
Fraxinus americana var. caroliniana Fraxinus americana Linnaeus, var. caroliniana (Miller) D. J. Browne, Trees America 398. 1857.Fraxinus caroliniana Miller 1768. 
Fraxinus americana var. triptera Fraxinus americana Linnaeus, var. triptera (Nuttall) D. J. Browne, Trees America 399. 1857.Fraxinus triptera Nuttall 1818. 
Fraxinus caroliniana var. rehderiana Fraxinus caroliniana Miller, var. rehderiana (Lingelsheim) Sargent, J. Arnold Arbor. 2: 173. 1921.Fraxinus rehderiana Lingelsheim 1920. 
Fraxinus caroliniana var. latifolia Fraxinus caroliniana Miller, var. latifolia Roemer & Schultes, Syst. Veg. 1: 279. 1817.  
Fraxinus caroliniana var. platicarpa Fraxinus caroliniana Miller, var. platicarpa (Michaux) Lingelsheim, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 40: 221. 1908.Fraxinus platicarpa Michaux 1803. 
Fraxinus caroliniana var. pubescens Fraxinus caroliniana Miller, var. pubescens (M. A. Curtis) Fernald, Rhodora 39: 442. 1937.Fraxinus platicarpa Michaux, var. pubescens M. A. Curtis 1849. 
Fraxinus caroliniana subsp. cubensis Fraxinus caroliniana Miller, subsp. cubensis (Grisebach) Borhidi, Bot. Közlem 58: 176. 1971.Fraxinus cubensis Grisebach 1866. 
Fraxinus cordata Fraxinus cordata Rafinesque, Alsogr. Amer. 34. 1838. FLORIDA
Fraxinus cubensis Fraxinus cubensis Grisebach, Cat. Pl. Cub. 170. 1866. CUBA: Matanzas: Near Zarabanda, 1865, Wright 45 (holotype: GOET; isotype: K).
Fraxinus curvidens Fraxinus curvidens Hoffmannsegg, Verz. Pfl.-Kult., Nachtr. 2: 29, 118. 1828.  
Fraxinus floridana Fraxinus floridana (Wenzig) Sargent, N. Amer. Silva 14: 39. 1902.Fraxinus platicarpa Michaux, var. floridana Wenzig 1883. 
Fraxinus hybrida Fraxinus hybrida Lingelsheim, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 40: 220. 1908. FLORIDA: Duval Co.: Near Jacksonville, Aug 1890, Curtiss 2321 (lectotype: NY; isolectotypes: GH(2 shts)). Lectotypified by G. L. Nesom, Phytoneuron 2010(39): 6. 2010.
Fraxinus nigra subsp. caroliniana Fraxinus nigra Marshall, subsp. caroliniana (Miller) Wesmael, Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique 31: 113. 1892.Fraxinus caroliniana Miller 1768. 
Fraxinus nigrescens Fraxinus nigrescens Buckley, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14: 5. ("1862") 1863. TEXAS
Fraxinus nuttallii Fraxinus nuttallii Buckley, Proc. Acad. Nat. Hist. Philadelphia 12: 444. 1860. ALABAMA: Wilcox Co.: Without data, Buckley s.n. (holotype: PH?).
Fraxinus pallida Fraxinus pallida Bosc, Mém. Cl. Sci. Math. Inst. Natl. France 1808: 201. 1809.  
Fraxinus pennsylvanica subsp. cubensis Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marshall, subsp. cubensis (Grisebach) E. Murray, Kalmia 13: 6. 1983.Fraxinus cubensis Grisebach 1866. 
Fraxinus pennsylvanica var. cubensis Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marshall, var. cubensis (Grisebach) E. Murray, Kalmia 13: 6. 1983.Fraxinus cubensis Grisebach 1866. 
Fraxinus platicarpa Fraxinus platicarpa Michaux, Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 256. 1803. SOUTH CAROLINA:
Fraxinus platicarpa var. floridana Fraxinus platicarpa Michaux, var. floridana Wenzig, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 4: 185. 1883. FLORIDA: Without data, Cabanis s.n. (holotype: B?).
Fraxinus platicarpa var. oblanceolata Fraxinus platicarpa Michaux, var. oblanceolata M. A. Curtis, Amer. J. Sci. Arts 57: 408. 1849.SOUTH CAROLINA: Berkeley Co.: Along the Santee Canal, s.d., Ravenel s.n. (holotype: CHARL?; isotypes: GH, NY). 
Fraxinus platicarpa var. pubescens Fraxinus platicarpa Michaux, var. pubescens M. A. Curtis, Amer. J. Sci. Arts 57: 408. 1849. SOUTH CAROLINA: Berkeley Co.: Santee Canal, s.d., Ravenel s.n. (holotype: CHARL?; isotypes: GH, NY).
Fraxinus platicarpa var. triptera Fraxinus platicarpa Michaux, var. triptera (Nuttall) A. W. Wood, Class-Book Bot., ed. 1861. 598. 1861.Fraxinus triptera Nuttall 1818. 
Fraxinus profunda var. ashei Fraxinus profunda (Bush) Bush, var. ashei E. J. Palmer, J. Arnold Arbor. 13: 417. 1932. FLORIDA: Suwannee Co.: Near Hildreth, 15 May 1929, Ashe s.n. (holotype: NCU).
Fraxinus rehderiana Fraxinus rehderiana Lingelsheim, in Engler, Pflanzenr. 4(Heft 72): 42. 1920. VIRGINIA: Isle of Wight Co.: Banks of the Blackwater River near Zuni, 19 Aug 1905, Rehder s.n. (holotype: B?; isotype: GH).
Fraxinus triptera Fraxinus triptera Nuttall, Gen. N. Amer. Pl. 2: 232. 1818. SOUTH CAROLINA
Leptalix caroliniana Leptalix caroliniana (Miller) Rafinesque, Alsogr. Amer. 36. 1838, nom. alt.Fraxinus caroliniana Miller 1768. 
Leptalix cordata Leptalix cordata (Rafinesque) Rafinesque, Alsogr. Amer. 34. 1838, nom. alt.Fraxinus cordata Rafinesque 1838. 
Leptalix pallida Leptalix pallida (Bosc) Rafinesque, Alsogr. Amer. 33. 1838, nom. alt.Fraxinus pallida Bosc 1809.  
Leptalix platicarpa Leptalix platicarpa (Michaux) Rafinesque, Alsogr. Amer. 35. 1838, nom. alt.Fraxinus platicarpa Michaux 1803. 
Samarpses triptera Samarpses triptera (Nuttall) Rafinesque, New Fl. 3: 93. 1838 ("1836").Fraxinus triptera Nuttall 1818. 
Fraxinus caroliniana var. cubensis Fraxinus caroliniana Miller, var. cubensis (Grisebach) Lingelsheim, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 40: 221. 1908.Fraxinus cubensis Grisebach 1866. 
Fraxinus caroliniana var. oblanceolata Fraxinus caroliniana Miller, var. oblanceolata (M. A. Curtis) Fernald & B. G. Schubert, Rhodora 50: 188. 1948.Fraxinus platicarpa Michaux, var. oblanceolata M. A. Curtis 1849. 
Fraxinus pauciflora Fraxinus pauciflora Nuttall, N. Amer. Sylva 3: 61. 1849. GEORGIA: Charlton Co.: Near Trader's Hill, s.d., Baldwyn s.n. (holotype: PH).

Specimens and Distribution

This species has been reported in the following counties by the herbaria listed. An overview of the individual specimens are provided in the table that follows. Click on the accession number to view details; click on column headers to sort; choose a county or herbaria to filter the specimen data.

Counties included on distribution map: Autauga, Baldwin, Barbour, Bibb, Bullock, Butler, Choctaw, Clarke, Conecuh, Covington, Crenshaw, Dallas, Geneva, Henry, Houston, Macon, Marengo, Mobile, Pike, Sumter, Tallapoosa, Tuscaloosa

Counties represented by specimen data listed below:

Herbaria represented by specimen data listed below: ALNHS, AUA, JSU, SAMF, TROY, UNA, UWAL

Range of years during which specimens were collected: 1877 - 1989

Barcode / Accession No. County Coll. Date Collector &
Collection No.		 Herbarium &
Herbarium Name Used		 Image
AUA_ACC_72169 Dallas 11 May 2012 Keener, Brian R.
7251		 AUA
Fraxinus Caroliniana P. Mill.
TROY000035191 Houston 20 May 2006 Kral, Robert
97419		 TROY
Fraxinus caroliniana Miller
UNA00010636 Tuscaloosa 18 May 1989 Burckhalter, Robert
1632		 UNA
Fraxinus caroliniana P. Mill.
UWAL0038503 Mobile 24 Jul 1969 LeLong, Michel G.
s.n.		 UWAL
Fraxinus caroliniana Mill.
AUA_ACC_10697 Macon 5 Apr 1963 Hayes, A.W.
 AUA
Fraxinus Caroliniana P. Mill.
TROY000035259 Bullock 10 May 2012 Dykes, Bailee
679		 TROY
Fraxinus caroliniana Miller
TROY000021712 Crenshaw 19 Jun 2008 Diamond, Alvin R.
19447		 TROY
Fraxinus caroliniana Miller
UWAL0005301 Sumter 14 Sep 1993 Stanton, Lee E.
s.n.		 UWAL
Fraxinus caroliniana P. Mill.
UWAL0048199 Baldwin 01 Aug 2019 Soehren, Eric C.
624		 UWAL
Fraxinus caroliniana Mill.
UWAL0011404 Bullock 10 May 2012 Dykes, Bailee
679		 UWAL
Fraxinus caroliniana Miller
AUA000041135 Dallas 24 Aug 2010 Barger, T. Wayne
OC601		 AUA
Fraxinus Caroliniana P. Mill.
TROY000042101 Houston 23 Apr 2015 Diamond, Alvin R.
26241		 TROY
Fraxinus caroliniana Miller
JSU134810 Henry 2 May 1972 Kral, Robert
46195		 JSU
Fraxinus caroliniana Miller
UNA00062985 Conecuh 28 Apr 2004 Diamond, Alvin R.
14352		 UNA
Fraxinus caroliniana P. Mill.
AUA_ACC_58795 Bibb 10 Jul 1999 Smith, S.T.
 AUA
Fraxinus Caroliniana P. Mill.
TROY000047836 Autauga 03 May 2018 Parker, Matthew R.
1654		 TROY
Fraxinus caroliniana Miller
AUA000022725 Pike 28 Apr 2004 Diamond, Alvin R.
14362		 AUA
Fraxinus Caroliniana P. Mill.
UNA00041242 Tuscaloosa 31 Oct 1978 Haynes, Robert R.
6983		 UNA
Fraxinus caroliniana P. Mill.
UNA00066263 Butler 08 Jul 2006 Diamond, Alvin R.
16650		 UNA
Fraxinus caroliniana P. Mill.
AUA_ACC_37315 Clarke 4 May 1981 Henderson, T.
32		 AUA
Fraxinus Caroliniana P. Mill.
TROY000038716 Marengo 30 May 2012 England, J. Kevin
3588		 TROY
Fraxinus caroliniana Miller
UWAL0005299 Sumter 27 Apr 1993 Stanton, Lee E.
s.n.		 UWAL
Fraxinus caroliniana P. Mill.
UWAL0005266 Baldwin 03 Jun 2007 Keener, Brian R.
3650		 UWAL
Fraxinus caroliniana P. Mill.
AUA_ACC_47539 Conecuh 24 Oct 1987 Diamond, Alvin R.
3718		 AUA
Fraxinus Caroliniana P. Mill.
UWAL0010316 Marengo 30 Jun 2012 England, J. Kevin
3588		 UWAL
Fraxinus caroliniana Miller
TROY000007292 Butler 08 Jul 2006 Diamond, Alvin R.
16650		 TROY
Fraxinus caroliniana Miller
UWAL0010264 Dallas 11 May 2012 Keener, Brian R.
7251		 UWAL
Fraxinus caroliniana P. Mill.
UWAL0032150 Houston 07 May 2015 Diamond, Alvin R.
26313		 UWAL
Fraxinus caroliniana Miller
AUA_ACC_11186 Tallapoosa 27 Apr 1963 Rogers, Ken E.
 AUA
Fraxinus Caroliniana P. Mill.
TROY000041990 Houston 07 May 2015 Diamond, Alvin R.
26313		 TROY
Fraxinus caroliniana Miller
ALNHS00004177 Baldwin 15 Jun 2016 Barger, T. Wayne
SP#2606		 ALNHS
Fraxinus caroliniana P. Mill.
UWAL0034276 Covington 07 Oct 1994 Kral, Robert
84325		 UWAL
Fraxinus caroliniana Miller
UWAL0047216 Autauga 03 May 2018 Parker, Matthew R.
1654		 UWAL
Fraxinus caroliniana Miller
TROY000007291 Barbour 26 Jul 2000 Diamond, Alvin R.
11904		 TROY
Fraxinus caroliniana Miller
TROY000007294 Pike 28 Apr 2004 Diamond, Alvin R.
14362		 TROY
Fraxinus caroliniana Miller
TROY000039919 Dallas 11 May 2012 Keener, Brian R.
7251		 TROY
Fraxinus caroliniana Miller
UWAL0005300 Sumter 14 Sep 1993 Stanton, Lee E.
s.n.		 UWAL
Fraxinus caroliniana P. Mill.
UWAL0010785 Barbour 01 May 2012 Diamond, Alvin R.
23002		 UWAL
Fraxinus caroliniana Miller
SAMF0004604 Crenshaw 19 Jun 2008 Diamond, Alvin R.
19447		 SAMF
Fraxinus caroliniana P. Miller
ALNHS00000194 Baldwin 14 May 2003 Threlkeld, S.J.
1557		 ALNHS
Fraxinus caroliniana P. Mill.
TROY000044616 Geneva 17 Aug 2017 Byrd, Cameron
1420		 TROY
Fraxinus caroliniana Miller
TROY000007293 Conecuh 28 Apr 2004 Diamond, Alvin R.
14352		 TROY
Fraxinus caroliniana Miller
UNA00068844 Baldwin 03 Jun 2007 Keener, Brian R.
3650		 UNA
Fraxinus caroliniana P. Mill.
UWAL0010965 Houston 02 May 2007 Kral, Robert
97934		 UWAL
Fraxinus caroliniana Miller
AUA_ACC_63889 Conecuh 28 Apr 2004 Diamond, Alvin R.
14352		 AUA
Fraxinus Caroliniana P. Mill.
TROY000021711 Baldwin 03 Jun 2007 Keener, Brian R.
3650		 TROY
Fraxinus caroliniana Miller
ALNHS00002752 Geneva 20 May 2014 Barger, T. Wayne
SP#1376		 ALNHS
Fraxinus caroliniana P. Mill
UNA00062994 Pike 28 Apr 2004 Diamond, Alvin R.
14362		 UNA
Fraxinus caroliniana P. Mill.
UWAL0017486 Houston 23 Apr 2015 Diamond, Alvin R.
26241		 UWAL
Fraxinus caroliniana Miller
UWAL0018471 Houston 04 May 1987 Kral, Robert
73916		 UWAL
Fraxinus caroliniana Mill.
UNA00041238 Tuscaloosa 22 Jun 1877 Smith, Eugene A.
s.n.		 UNA
Fraxinus caroliniana P. Mill.
UNA00041234 Choctaw 09 Jul 1979 Haynes, Robert R.
7410		 UNA
Fraxinus caroliniana P. Mill.
UWAL0005267 Crenshaw 19 Jun 2008 Diamond, Alvin R.
19447		 UWAL
Fraxinus caroliniana P. Mill.
AUA_ACC_52619 Pike 14 Apr 1994 Diamond, Alvin R.
9059		 AUA
Fraxinus Caroliniana P. Mill.
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