Pinus palustris

Distribution Map: Based on vouchered plant specimens only. View county names by placing the mouse cursor over a particular county.

Family:	PINACEAE
Species:	Pinus palustris Mill.
Common Name:	Longleaf Pine; Southern Pine
Habitat:	**
Associated Ecological Communities:	**
Growth Habit:	Tree
Duration:	Perennial
Category:	Vascular
USDA Symbol:	PIPA2
Plant Notes:	Longleaf Pine is a native evergreen needle-leafed tree in the Pine family (Pinaceae). It can be found in much of Alabama. Longleaf Pine occurs on the tops and upper slopes of ridges, in dry sandy or red clay uplands, in sandhills, and in pine flatwoods. It is a large tree reaching heights of 150 feet. The trunk is straight and the bark is orange-brown in color, flaking in scaly rectangular plates. The crown is rounded, often becoming flat topped with age. The branches are widely spaced and are often descending, with upcurved tips. Longleaf Pine is self-pruning, quickly losing the lower branches. Needle leaves occur in fascicles of 3. The leaves are 8-18 inches in length, straight to slightly twisted, and yellow-green in color. They are confined to areas near the tips of branches and surround the large silvery-white terminal buds. Pollen cones are about 1-3 inches in length and purple-brown in color. Seed cones are ovoid-cylindric in outline, 6-10 inches in length, red-brown in color, and with short stiff recurved prickles. The seed cones are nearly sessile, mature in 2 years, and quickly drop after releasing the seed. The seed are winged. The wood is dense, straight grained, and with few knots. It is a valued species for lumber, utility poles, pulpwood and naval stores. Longleaf Pine is unusual in that it spends the first 3-5 years of its life in a grass stage, with little vertical growth. During this period, it develops a large deep taproot. Once sufficient resources have been accumulated the stem rapidly elongates. Longleaf Pine is the state tree of Alabama. It is very fire dependent and was a major component of many ecosystems in Alabama. Due to fire suppression, over harvesting, and difficulties experienced in growing and planting seedlings on a commercial scale this species has disappeared from much of its former range.—A. Diamond.
Taxonomic Notes:	**
Status:	Native, FACU+ (NWI)
References:	**
Specimen:	View specimen details in the Alabama Herbarium Consortium Specimen Database

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

Family	PINACEAE - Pine family
Genus	Pinus
Species	Pinus palustris Mill. - Longleaf Pine; Southern Pine

Citation

Citation	Pinus palustris Miller, Gard. Dict. (ed. 8) Pinus no. 14. 1768.
Basionym:	**
Type:	**

** Not applicable or data not available.

Synonyms

Synonym	Full Citation	Basionym
Pinus longifolia	Pinus longifolia Salisbury, Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 398. 1796, nom. illegit.	Pinus palustris Miller 1768.
Pinus taeda var. palustris	Pinus taeda Linnaeus, var. palustris (Miller) Castiglioni, Viagg. Stati Uniti 2: 313. 1790.	Pinus palustris Miller 1768.
Pinus australis	Pinus australis F. Michaux, Hist. Arbr. Forest. 1: 64, pl. 6. 1810, nom. illegit.	Pinus palustris Miller 1768.

Specimens and Distribution

This species has been reported in the following counties by the herbaria listed. An overview of the individual specimens are provided in the table that follows. Click on the accession number to view details; click on column headers to sort; choose a county or herbaria to filter the specimen data.

Counties included on distribution map: Autauga, Baldwin, Bibb, Blount, Bullock, Butler, Calhoun, Chilton, Clarke, Clay, Cleburne, Coffee, Conecuh, Covington, Crenshaw, Dale, Elmore, Escambia, Etowah, Fayette, Geneva, Hale, Henry, Houston, Jefferson, Lauderdale, Lawrence, Lee, Macon, Marengo, Marshall, Mobile, Monroe, Montgomery, Pike, Randolph, Russell, Shelby, St. Clair, Sumter, Talladega, Tallapoosa, Tuscaloosa, Walker, Washington, Winston

Herbaria represented by specimen data listed below: ALNHS, AMAL, AUA, JSU, SAMF, TROY, UNA, UNAF, USAM, UWAL

Range of years during which specimens were collected: 1887 - 1997

Barcode / Accession No.	County	Coll. Date	Collector & Collection No.	Herbarium & Herbarium Name Used
AMAL00005556	Geneva	24 Mar 1969	Kral, Robert 33948	AMAL Pinus palustris Mill.
SAMF0007373	Covington	05 Apr 2021	Davenport, L.J. 6827	SAMF Pinus palustris P. Miller
AUA_ACC_71117	Clarke	15 May 2013	Horne, Howard E. SWS-219	AUA Pinus Palustris P. Mill.
JSU143886	St. Clair	04 Jul 1969	Ellard, Jerry s.n.	JSU Pinus palustris Miller
AUA_ACC_58505	Lee	24 Feb 1997	Ward, Jerome V.	AUA Pinus Palustris P. Mill.
JSU142604	Bibb	01 Apr 1999	Brodeur, Kristin R. 1648	JSU Pinus palustris Miller
ALNHS00000849	Monroe	06 Jul 2011	Barger, T. Wayne RH-285	ALNHS Pinus palustris P. Mill.
USAM000000672	Mobile	27 Feb 1969	Scott, D.L. 259	USAM Pinus palustris Miller
UWAL0030423	Bibb	07 Aug 2015	England, J. Kevin 5561	UWAL Pinus palustris Miller
TROY000014449	Crenshaw	03 Aug 2008	Diamond, Alvin R. 19711	TROY Pinus palustris Miller
JSU143900	Calhoun	13 Feb 1968	Brown, Dickie s.n.	JSU Pinus palustris Miller
JSU104631	Calhoun	17 Nov 1981	Landers, Joel s.n.	JSU Pinus palustris Miller
JSU104629	Cleburne	27 May 1995	Hruska, Susan E. 1306	JSU Pinus palustris Miller
UNA00029231	Walker	04 Dec 1949	Harvill, Jr., A.M. 6801	UNA Pinus palustris P. Mill.
AUA000029745	Calhoun	26 Mar 2016	Pruitt, S. 9	AUA Pinus Palustris P. Mill.
JSU104644	Marshall	02 Aug 1992	Spaulding, Daniel D. 2524	JSU Pinus palustris Miller
JSU104651	Shelby	04 Apr 1993	Whetstone, R. David 16282	JSU Pinus palustris Miller
TROY000037198	Marengo	09 Mar 2012	England, J. Kevin 3247	TROY Pinus palustris Miller
AMAL00019420	Calhoun	30 Aug 1994	Ballard, J. Mark 4781	AMAL Pinus palustris Miller
JSU104649	St. Clair	04 Jul 1969	Day, Randy s.n.	JSU Pinus palustris Miller
AUA_ACC_44587	Clarke	10 Sep 1975	Maddox, William K. 069	AUA Pinus Palustris P. Mill.
JSU143888	Calhoun	13 Jun 1969	Bigbee, Diane s.n.	JSU Pinus palustris Miller
UNA00029218	Mobile	27 Mar 1983	Nichols, Rita 25	UNA Pinus palustris P. Mill.
USAM000000670	Mobile	27 Feb 1969	Scott, D.L. 259	USAM Pinus palustris Miller
UWAL0010353	Marengo	09 Mar 2012	England, J. Kevin 3246	UWAL Pinus palustris Miller
UNA00029227	St. Clair	24 Jun 1951	Hollis, C.G. s.n.	UNA Pinus palustris P. Mill.
TROY000013612	Cleburne	30 Mar 1996	Moser, J.G. 89	TROY Pinus palustris Miller
UWAL0018983	Geneva	26 Aug 1998	Kral, Robert 87771	UWAL Pinus palustris Miller
JSU104627	Cleburne	01 Oct 1987	Alford, J. Erik 152	JSU Pinus palustris Miller
TROY000045048	Autauga	21 Mar 2017	Parker, Matthew R. 514	TROY Pinus palustris Miller
UWAL0036906	Autauga	23 Feb 2017	England, J. Kevin 7129	UWAL Pinus palustris P. Miller
UNA00060648	Tuscaloosa	22 Aug 1949	Harvill, Jr., A.M. 186	UNA Pinus palustris P. Mill.
TROY000000594	Butler	22 Mar 2004	Diamond, Alvin R. 14300	TROY Pinus palustris Miller
JSU104637	Calhoun	14 Jun 1985	Shipp, Frances R. 002	JSU Pinus palustris Miller
UWAL0014844	Bullock	21 Feb 2013	Dykes, Bailee 1510	UWAL Pinus palustris Miller
UNA00056844	Coffee	26 Dec 1998	MacDonald, John R. 12508	UNA Pinus palustris P. Mill.
JSU104653	Talladega	03 Jun 1980	Carlisle, N.J. s.n.	JSU Pinus palustris Miller
UNA00029217	Jefferson	11 Feb 1979	Meigs, Russell A. 15	UNA Pinus palustris P. Mill.
UNAF0000826	Lauderdale	19 Sep 1985	Canrtell, Lanetta 04342	UNAF Pinus palustris Miller
AUA000039761	Baldwin	30 Aug 1925	Wolf, Wolfgang 2264	AUA Pinus Palustris P. Mill.
JSU142605	Elmore	10 May 1980	Whetstone, R. David 10,082	JSU Pinus palustris Miller
AUA_ACC_35908	Bibb	26 Sep 1979	Beckett, Scott W. 306	AUA Pinus Palustris P. Mill.
UWAL0036909	Chilton	23 Feb 2017	England, J. Kevin 7126	UWAL Pinus palustris P. Miller
TROY000043815	Houston	28 Feb 2016	Diamond, Alvin R. 27209	TROY Pinus palustris Miller
JSU104633	Calhoun	26 Jul 1991	Naugher, Rhonda L. 287	JSU Pinus palustris Miller
JSU104626	Clay	11 Mar 1971	Laros, Alan R. s.n.	JSU Pinus palustris Miller
AUA_ACC_62283	Russell	8 Mar 2002	Gil, Glenda 2001-52	AUA Pinus Palustris P. Mill.
JSU143899	Calhoun	13 Feb 1968	Stuart, Martha s.n.	JSU Pinus palustris Miller
UNA00029214	Mobile	15 Mar 1887	Mohr, Charles s.n.	UNA Pinus palustris P. Mill.
JSU104625	Clay	30 Jul 1994	Ballard, J. Mark 4287	JSU Pinus palustris Miller
UNA00029215	Mobile	_ _ 1889	Mohr, Charles s.n.	UNA Pinus palustris P. Mill.
UWAL0001485	Lawrence	06 Sep 2008	England, J. Kevin 1032	UWAL Pinus palustris P. Mill.
UNA00029228	Winston	03 Jul 1949	Segars, Charles B. 41	UNA Pinus palustris P. Mill.
JSU104630	Etowah	11 Apr 1969	Cofield, Jan s.n.	JSU Pinus palustris Miller
UNAF0000832	Fayette	05 Sep 1984	Henderson, Taffy s.n.	UNAF Pinus palustris Miller
UWAL0002619	Escambia	26 Sep 2009	England, J. Kevin 2223	UWAL Pinus palustris Miller
JSU104641	St. Clair	12 May 1983	Whetstone, R. David 13193	JSU Pinus palustris Miller
AUA_ACC_22052	Clay	12 Apr 1970	Blankenchip, B.P.	AUA Pinus Palustris P. Mill.
JSU104643	Randolph	05 Jul 1969	Herren, Tommy s.n.	JSU Pinus palustris Miller
TROY000000655	Covington	28 Mar 2004	Diamond, Alvin R. 14314	TROY Pinus palustris Miller
JSU104642	St. Clair	12 May 1983	Nixon, Christopher F. 156	JSU Pinus palustris Miller
AUA_ACC_64143	Randolph	21 Mar 1987	Nixon, C.F. 3291	AUA Pinus Palustris P. Mill.
JSU104656	Washington	13 Sep 1997	Whetstone, R. David 18734	JSU Pinus palustris Miller
AUA_ACC_61724	Russell	8 Mar 2002	Gil, Glenda 2001-52	AUA Pinus Palustris P. Mill.
JSU104645	Jefferson	04 Jul 1969	Tudor, Jessica s.n.	JSU Pinus palustris Miller
TROY000042887	Montgomery	03 Jul 2015	Diamond, Alvin R. 26547	TROY Pinus palustris Miller
JSU104646	Jefferson	23 May 1985	Barber, J. Patrick 1492	JSU Pinus palustris Miller
TROY000013680	Butler	24 Mar 2008	Diamond, Alvin R. 18800	TROY Pinus palustris Miller
UWAL0001486	Baldwin	13 Sep 2008	England, J. Kevin 1116	UWAL Pinus palustris P. Mill.
UNA00029226	Mobile	26 Mar 1977	Sisk, A.D. 64	UNA Pinus palustris P. Mill.
JSU104635	Calhoun	19 Feb 1967	Collier, Gary s.n.	JSU Pinus palustris Miller
UNAF0000831	Lee	15 Mar 1962	Landers, Kenneth E. s.n.	UNAF Pinus palustris Miller
UWAL0033277	Henry	03 Mar 2016	Diamond, Alvin R. 27220	UWAL Pinus palustris Miller
UNA00029220	Mobile	26 Mar 1967	Deramus, Rebecca D1037	UNA Pinus palustris P. Mill.
AUA_ACC_45031	Conecuh	7 Feb 1987	Diamond, Alvin R. 3000	AUA Pinus Palustris P. Mill.
JSU143887	Randolph	05 Jul 1969	Herren, Tommy s.n.	JSU Pinus palustris Miller
TROY000000653	Coffee	24 Sep 1999	Martin, Brian H. 249	TROY Pinus palustris Miller
AMAL00005555	Calhoun	27 Apr 1988	Snowden, K.E. 268	AMAL Pinus palustris Miller
UNA00029213	Clarke	29 Sep 1995	Widder, Alicia D. 1	UNA Pinus palustris P. Mill.
UWAL0051464	Mobile	26 Mar 1967	Deramus, Rebecca D1037	UWAL Pinus palustris Miller
UNA00029229	Tuscaloosa	27 May 1974	Zeanah, Terry 49	UNA Pinus palustris P. Mill.
AUA_ACC_14738	Macon	10 Apr 1969	Gregory, J.M. 108	AUA Pinus Palustris P. Mill.
JSU104647	Jefferson	04 Jul 1969	Tudor, Jessica s.n.	JSU Pinus palustris Miller
TROY000043464	Henry	03 Mar 2016	Diamond, Alvin R. 27220	TROY Pinus palustris Miller
JSU104624	Etowah	11 Jul 1969	Pierce, Faye Nell s.n.	JSU Pinus palustris Miller
TROY000048863	Autauga	17 Jan 2019	Parker, Matthew R. 1871	TROY Pinus palustris Miller
AUA_ACC_37614	Macon	19 Nov 1981	Henderson, T. 806	AUA Pinus Palustris P. Mill.
UNA00029180	Tuscaloosa	28 May 1974	Lewis, Cynthia 50	UNA Pinus palustris P. Mill.
AUA_ACC_48177	Russell	12 Oct 1980	Jackson, Mike 019	AUA Pinus Palustris P. Mill.
UNA00029182	Tuscaloosa	27 May 1974	Cunningham, Alan 15345	UNA Pinus palustris P. Mill.
AUA_ACC_48283	Shelby	26 Oct 1980	Webb, A.L. 181	AUA Pinus Palustris P. Mill.
JSU104650	Shelby	27 Oct 1972	McCool, Jeff s.n.	JSU Pinus palustris Miller
TROY000000657	Dale	20 Sep 1997	Rundell, Hannelore 349	TROY Pinus palustris Miller
USAM000000673	Mobile	27 Feb 1969	Scott, D.L. 259	USAM Pinus palustris Miller
UWAL0030075	Montgomery	03 Jul 2015	Diamond, Alvin R. 26547	UWAL Pinus palustris Miller
TROY000013681	Conecuh	15 Mar 2008	Diamond, Alvin R. 18770	TROY Pinus palustris Miller
JSU104655	Tuscaloosa	09 May 1969	Morello, Sandra s.n.	JSU Pinus palustris Miller
JSU144255	Calhoun	06 Jun 1968	Landers, Kenneth E. s.n.	JSU Pinus palustris Miller
AMAL00008552	Butler	22 Mar 2004	Diamond, Alvin R. 14300	AMAL Pinus palustris P. Mill
JSU104632	Calhoun	28 Oct 1992	Spaulding, Daniel D. 3048	JSU Pinus palustris Miller
UNA00029230	Walker	15 Oct 1949	Harvill, Jr., A.M. 5841	UNA Pinus palustris P. Mill.
UWAL0001487	Sumter	11 May 1999	Stundon, T. B-171	UWAL Pinus palustris P. Mill.
UNA00062163	Conecuh	22 Mar 2004	Diamond, Alvin R. 14299	UNA Pinus palustris P. Mill.
JSU104634	Calhoun	13 Feb 1968	Knapp, Buddy s.n.	JSU Pinus palustris Miller
TROY000049777	Geneva	16 Feb 2017	Byrd, Cameron 740	TROY Pinus palustris Miller
UNAF0000830		19 Nov 1984	Weaver, Mark s.n.	UNAF Pinus palustris Miller
JSU104639	Blount	29 Apr 1993	Dasinger, Adam P. 68	JSU Pinus palustris Miller
AUA_ACC_46916	Tallapoosa	20 May 1978	Frank, Tim R. 65-9	AUA Pinus Palustris P. Mill.
UWAL0046899	Autauga	06 Aug 2019	Parker, Matthew R. 1871	UWAL Pinus palustris Miller
UNA00029222	Chilton	09 Jul 1987	Haynes, Robert R. 9218	UNA Pinus palustris P. Mill.
AUA_ACC_45882	Escambia	3 Apr 1971	Kirkland, Reo 004	AUA Pinus Palustris P. Mill.
JSU104652	Shelby	12 Oct 1996	Spaulding, Daniel D. 9367	JSU Pinus palustris Miller
TROY000000658	Dale	15 May 1995	McCarter, Robby 4	TROY Pinus palustris Miller
AUA_ACC_48106	Pike	14 Jan 1988	Diamond, Alvin R. 4061	AUA Pinus Palustris P. Mill.
TROY000037081	Bullock	21 Feb 2013	Dykes, Bailee 1510	TROY Pinus palustris Miller
UWAL0044339	Baldwin	28 Jun 1993	Walker, M.M. 178	UWAL Pinus palustris Mill.
TROY000000659	Pike	17 Mar 2000	Hall, James A. 175	TROY Pinus palustris Miller
AUA000042034	Bullock	20 Jun 2016	Barger, T. Wayne WLE-48	AUA Pinus Palustris P. Mill.
JSU104648	Jefferson	04 Jul 1969	Tudor, Jessica s.n.	JSU Pinus palustris Miller
TROY000000654	Conecuh	22 Mar 2004	Diamond, Alvin R. 14299	TROY Pinus palustris Miller
JSU104636	Calhoun	14 Jun 1985	Shipp, Frances R. 002	JSU Pinus palustris Miller
JSU143889	Talladega	24 Jun 1969	Wright, Sherry s.n.	JSU Pinus palustris Miller
AMAL00010736	Tallapoosa	13 Jun 2006	Barger, T. Wayne 224	AMAL Pinus palustris P. Mill.
JSU136032	St. Clair	04 Jul 1969	Ellard, Jerry s.n.	JSU Pinus palustris Miller
AUA_ACC_1188	Lee	18 May 1953	Walsh, C.S.	AUA Pinus Palustris P. Mill.
JSU104638	Calhoun	08 Feb 1967	Boone, W.E. (Bill) s.n.	JSU Pinus palustris Miller
UNA00050438	Lee	24 Mar 1997	Ward, J.V. 50438	UNA Pinus palustris P. Mill.
USAM000000671	Mobile	27 Feb 1969	Scott, D.L. 259	USAM Pinus palustris Miller
UWAL0038682	Jefferson	06 Oct 2018	England, J. Kevin 9576	UWAL Pinus palustris P. Miller
UNA00029224	Hale	11 Feb 1994	Mann, Carroll J. 7	UNA Pinus palustris P. Mill.
UWAL0046978	Autauga	21 Mar 2017	Parker, Matthew R. 514	UWAL Pinus palustris Miller
JSU104654	Tuscaloosa	25 Oct 1986	Alford, J. Erik s.n.	JSU Pinus palustris Miller
TROY000000656	Dale	03 Mar 2000	Pennington, Tiffany 383	TROY Pinus palustris Miller
JSU104628	Cleburne	01 Oct 1995	Hruska, Susan E. 1435	JSU Pinus palustris Miller
UNA00029221	Walker	04 Dec 1949	Harvill, Jr., A.M. 6801	UNA Pinus palustris P. Mill.
AUA000042456	Covington	30 Sep 2011	Pancake, Jr., Dale C. S.N.	AUA Pinus Palustris P. Mill.
JSU104640	Calhoun	14 Jun 1985	Shipp, Frances R. 002	JSU Pinus palustris Miller

View a List of All Ecological Communities

For more information, contact: Brian R. Keener, Ph.D.

Data last modified: 11/9/2024

Web Development: The Florida Center for Community Design + Research

A member of the University of South Florida family of PlantAtlas.org sites

Citation Information:

Keener, B.R., A.R. Diamond, T.W. Barger, L.J. Davenport, P.G. Davison, S.L. Ginzbarg, C.J. Hansen, D.D. Spaulding, J.K. Triplett, and M. Woods. 2024. Alabama Plant Atlas. [S.M. Landry and K.N. Campbell (original application development), Florida Center for Community Design and Research. University of South Florida]. University of West Alabama, Livingston, Alabama.

Data, text, and images licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License.

Pinus palustris

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Synonyms

Specimens and Distribution