Trillium reliquum

Distribution Map: Based on vouchered plant specimens only. View county names by placing the mouse cursor over a particular county.

Family:	MELANTHIACEAE
Species:	Trillium reliquum J.D. Freeman
Common Name:	Relict Trillium; Confederate Wakerobin
Habitat:	**
Associated Ecological Communities:	**
Growth Habit:	Herb
Duration:	Perennial
Category:	Vascular
USDA Symbol:	**
Plant Notes:	Relict Trillium is a native perennial in the Bunchflower family (Melanthiaceae). It can be found in a three east central and southeastern counties in Alabama. Relict Trillium grows in rich hardwood forests, in ravines, and along streams. It is a perennial from a stout rhizome. It has three leaf-like bracts at the apex of a short stem (2-4 inches). The stem is often decumbent or “S” shaped. The bracts are mottled in three colors of green with a silver green stripe down the midrib. The bracts are on or close to the surface of the leaf litter. The bracts are ovate to elliptic in outline, and widest near the middle. The flower is sessile at the center of the bracts. The flowers have a fetid odor. The sepals are often purplish in color and recurved at their tips. The petals are erect, elliptic to oblanceolate in outline, and dark purple in color. The petals often become yellowish-green as they age. The anther dehiscence is introrse (the anthers split along the side towards the interior of the flower). The fruit is a mealy capsule with several seed. The tan seed have a white, oily elaiosome along one side. Relict Trillium is an endangered species and is listed as an S2 species in Alabama (typically 6 to 20 occurrences, few remaining individuals, acres, or miles of stream, or factors demonstrably making it very vulnerable in the state). The common name refers to its distribution. It is found in small, isolated populations from South Carolina across Georgia to east Alabama. It was thought that the plant was at one time more common with a more continuous distribution. Relict Trillium resembles the more common Underwood’s Trillium (Trillium underwoodii Small). Like Underwood’s Trillium, the leaves have three colors of green on them with a silver-green stripe down the midrib. It is also short like Underwood’s Trillium, the leaves easily touching the leaf litter when bend down the stalk. It differs in the shape of the leaf, with those of Relic Trillium being more rounded and wi
Taxonomic Notes:	Listed as Federally Endangered as of 4 Apr 1988.
Status:	Native, Endangered-US, S2 (State Rank), G3 (Global Rank)
References:	Freeman, J.D. 1975. Revision of Trillium Subgenus Phyllantherum (Liliaceae). Brittonia 27: 1-62.
Specimen:	View specimen details in the Alabama Herbarium Consortium Specimen Database

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

Family	MELANTHIACEAE - Bunchflower family
Genus	Trillium
Species	Trillium reliquum J.D. Freeman - Relict Trillium; Confederate Wakerobin

Citation

Citation	Trillium reliquum J.D. Freeman, Brittonia 27(1): 21–24, f. 4–5. 1975.
Basionym:	**
Type:	USA: GEORGIA: Richmond Co., ry abundant in rich woods on the bluff-slope at mouth of a ravine in E-facing bluff of Savannah R. just above old canal locks, ca. 5 mi above August30 Mar 1968, John D. Freeman 625. (holotype: GH; isotypes: ALU, ASTC, AUA, BKL, BM,CM, DAV, DS, DUKE, F, FLAS, FSU, GA, IA, ILL, ISC, K, KANU, KSC, LAF, LL, MIN, MISSA, MO, NA, NCU, NSC, NY, OKL, OKLA, OS, OSC, OXF, P, PAC, PENN, PH, SIU, SMU, TENN, UARK, UC, US, VDB, WIS, WVA).

** Not applicable or data not available.

Synonyms

No synonyms exist for this species.

No synonyms exist for this species.

Specimens and Distribution

This species has been reported in the following counties by the herbaria listed. An overview of the individual specimens are provided in the table that follows. Click on the accession number to view details; click on column headers to sort; choose a county or herbaria to filter the specimen data.

Counties included on distribution map: Bullock, Henry, Lee

Herbaria represented by specimen data listed below: ALNHS, AMAL, AUA, TROY, UNA, UWAL

Range of years during which specimens were collected: -

Barcode / Accession No.	County	Coll. Date	Collector & Collection No.	Herbarium & Herbarium Name Used
AMAL00001232	Lee	27 Mar 2002	Keener, Brian R. 1972	AMAL Trillium reliquum J. D. Freeman
TROY000033045	Bullock	26 Apr 2011	Dykes, Bailee 21	TROY Trillium reliquum J.D. Freeman
AUA000000319	Bullock	20 Mar 1990	Diamond, Alvin R. 6731	AUA Trillium Reliquum J.D. Freeman
AUA000000322	Henry	8 Apr 1993	Diamond, Alvin R. 8562	AUA Trillium Reliquum J.D. Freeman
AUA000000324	Henry	6 Apr 1978	Freeman, John D. 968	AUA Trillium Reliquum J.D. Freeman
TROY000011292	Lee	20 Mar 2002	Brooks, Melissa s.n.	TROY Trillium reliquum J. D. Freeman
AUA000000317	Bullock	20 Mar 1990	Diamond, Alvin R. 672	AUA Trillium Reliquum J.D. Freeman
AMAL00023698	Lee	25 Mar 2001	Soehren, Eric C. 92	AMAL Trillium reliquum J.D. Freeman
TROY000032340	Bullock	24 Mar 2011	Dykes, Bailee 13	TROY Trillium reliquum J.D. Freeman
UNA00055776	Lee	27 Mar 2002	Keener, Brian R. 1972	UNA Trillium reliquum J.D. Freeman
UWAL0002530	Lee	20 Mar 2003	Brooks, Melissa s.n.	UWAL Trillium reliquum J. D. Freeman
AUA000000312	Bullock	20 Mar 1990	Diamond, Alvin R. 6739	AUA Trillium Reliquum J.D. Freeman
AUA000000320	Henry	28 Mar 1988	Allison, James R. 3046	AUA Trillium Reliquum J.D. Freeman
UNA00057132	Henry	19 Mar 2000	MacDonald, John R. 13765	UNA Trillium reliquum J.D. Freeman
AUA000000323	Henry	1 Apr 1992	Diamond, Alvin R. 8050	AUA Trillium Reliquum J.D. Freeman
TROY000030068	Bullock	20 Mar 1990	Diamond, Alvin R. 6731	TROY Trillium reliquum J. D. Freeman
AUA000000315	Bullock	27 May 1991	Diamond, Alvin R. 7400	AUA Trillium Reliquum J.D. Freeman
ALNHS00001754	Lee	22 Mar 2013	Barger, T. Wayne SP#900	ALNHS Trillium reliquum J.D. Freeman
AUA000000318	Bullock	2 Mar 1990	Diamond, Alvin R. 6672	AUA Trillium Reliquum J.D. Freeman
AUA000000321	Henry	13 Feb 1992	Diamond, Alvin R. 7890	AUA Trillium Reliquum J.D. Freeman
TROY000032336	Bullock	24 Mar 2011	Dykes, Bailee 12	TROY Trillium reliquum J.D. Freeman
AUA000020074	Lee	29 Mar 2006	Schotz, Alfred 2003	AUA Trillium Reliquum J.D. Freeman
UWAL0002821	Bullock	01 Apr 2011	Dykes, Bailee 15	UWAL Trilium reliquum J.D. Freeman
TROY000011291	Henry	19 Mar 2000	MacDonald, John R. 13765	TROY Trillium reliquum J. D. Freeman
AUA000000314	Bullock	22 Apr 1989	Diamond, Alvin R. 5844	AUA Trillium Reliquum J.D. Freeman
AMAL00001233	Henry	19 Mar 2000	MacDonald, John R. 13765	AMAL Trillium reliquum J. D. Freeman
TROY000011290	Bullock	19 Mar 1991	Freeman, John D. s.n.	TROY Trillium reliquum J. D. Freeman
UWAL0002819	Bullock	24 Mar 2011	Dykes, Bailee 13	UWAL Trilium reliquum J.D. Freeman
TROY000011289	Bullock	19 Mar 1999	Diamond, Alvin R. 11566	TROY Trillium reliquum J. D. Freeman
AUA000000313	Bullock	20 Mar 1990	Diamond, Alvin R. 6726	AUA Trillium Reliquum J.D. Freeman
TROY000032341	Bullock	01 Apr 2011	Dykes, Bailee 15	TROY Trillium reliquum J.D. Freeman
TROY000032339	Bullock	24 Mar 2011	Dykes, Bailee 14	TROY Trillium reliquum J.D. Freeman
AMAL00001231	Lee	30 Mar 2001	Threlkeld, Steven J.	AMAL Trillium reliquum J. D. Freeman
UWAL0002820	Bullock	24 Mar 2011	Dykes, Bailee 12	UWAL Trilium reliquum J.D. Freeman
ALNHS00006450	Henry	03 Apr 2019	Barger, T. Wayne SP#4309	ALNHS Trillium reliquum J.D. Freeman
AUA000000325	Lee	20 Mar 2003	Brooks, Melissa	AUA Trillium Reliquum J.D. Freeman
AUA000000316	Bullock	25 Apr 1990	Diamond, Alvin R. 6841	AUA Trillium Reliquum J.D. Freeman

View a List of All Ecological Communities

For more information, contact: Brian R. Keener, Ph.D.

Data last modified: 11/9/2024

Web Development: The Florida Center for Community Design + Research

A member of the University of South Florida family of PlantAtlas.org sites

Citation Information:

Keener, B.R., A.R. Diamond, T.W. Barger, L.J. Davenport, P.G. Davison, S.L. Ginzbarg, C.J. Hansen, D.D. Spaulding, J.K. Triplett, and M. Woods. 2024. Alabama Plant Atlas. [S.M. Landry and K.N. Campbell (original application development), Florida Center for Community Design and Research. University of South Florida]. University of West Alabama, Livingston, Alabama.

Data, text, and images licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License.

Trillium reliquum

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Classification

Citation

Synonyms

Specimens and Distribution