Pinus glabra

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Distribution Map: Based on vouchered plant specimens only. View county names by placing the mouse cursor over a particular county.

Species Distribution Map
Family:PINACEAE
Species:Pinus glabra Walter
Common Name:Spruce Pine; Walter's Pine
Habitat:**
Associated Ecological Communities:**
Growth Habit:Tree
Duration:Perennial
Category:Vascular
USDA Symbol:PIGL2
Plant Notes:Spruce Pine is a native evergreen needle-leafed tree in the Pine family (Pinaceae). It can be found in the southern half of Alabama. Spruce Pine occurs on floodplains, in bottomland hardwood forests, in ravines, and on mesic hardwood slopes. It is a large tree reaching heights of 90 feet. The trunk is straight and the bark is gray in color. On young stems and branches the bark is smooth and tight, becoming scaly and flaking in irregular rectangular plates on older stems and trunks. The branches are whorled and lower limbs persist for some time, giving the tree a “cedar” or “Christmas-tree” appearance. Needle leaves occur in fascicles of 2. The leaves are 1.5-3 inches in length, straight to slightly twisted, and dark green in color. The needles have fine stomatal line on their surface and serrulate margins. They are soft and flexible in texture. Pollen cones are about 1/2 inch in length and purple-brown in color. Seed cones are lance-ovoid in outline, 1 ½- 2 ½ inches in length, red-brown in color, and unarmed or with weak recurved prickles. The seed cones are nearly sessile, mature in 2 years, and turn gray and persist on the tree after releasing the seed. The seed are winged. Spruce Pine is unusual in its ability to reproduce under a closed canopy, allowing it to persist in mature hardwood forests. It is the most shade tolerant of our native pines. Young trees are fire intolerant and easily killed by even low intensity fires. Although it grows into a large tree, the wood of Spruce Pine is brittle, close-grained, and nondurable. It has little value as a timber tree. Spruce Pine is occasionally sold as a landscape tree. It can be used as a specimen tree or as a screen. —A. Diamond.
Taxonomic Notes:**
Status:Native, FACW (NWI)
References:**
Specimen: View specimen details in the Alabama Herbarium Consortium Specimen Database

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

FamilyPINACEAE - Pine family
Genus Pinus
Species Pinus glabra Walter - Spruce Pine; Walter's Pine

Citation

Citation Pinus glabra Walter, Fl. Carol. 237. 1788.
Basionym: **
Type: USA: SOUTH CAROLINA: Oconee Co.: Seneca 16 May 1929, Palmer 35395 (neotype: GH; isoneotypes: MO, NY, US). Neotypified by D. B. Ward, J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 2: 481. 2008.

** Not applicable or data not available.

Synonyms

SynonymFull CitationBasionymType
Pinus mitis var. paupera Pinus mitis Michaux, var. paupera A. W. Wood, Class-Book Bot., ed. 1861. 660. 1861. GEORGIA

Specimens and Distribution

This species has been reported in the following counties by the herbaria listed. An overview of the individual specimens are provided in the table that follows. Click on the accession number to view details; click on column headers to sort; choose a county or herbaria to filter the specimen data.

Counties included on distribution map: Autauga, Baldwin, Barbour, Bullock, Butler, Choctaw, Clarke, Coffee, Conecuh, Covington, Crenshaw, Dale, Dallas, Elmore, Escambia, Geneva, Henry, Houston, Lee, Limestone, Macon, Marengo, Mobile, Monroe, Montgomery, Perry, Pike, Russell, Shelby, Washington, Wilcox

Counties represented by specimen data listed below:

Herbaria represented by specimen data listed below: ALNHS, AMAL, AUA, JSU, SAMF, TROY, UNA, UNAF, USAM, UWAL

Range of years during which specimens were collected: 1888 - 2019

Barcode / Accession No. County Coll. Date Collector &
Collection No.		 Herbarium &
Herbarium Name Used		 Image
AUA_ACC_49384 Henry 20 Jul 1988 Diamond, Alvin R.
5276		 AUA
Pinus Glabra Walt.
TROY000000649 Pike 06 Sep 2004 Diamond, Alvin R.
14685		 TROY
Pinus glabra Walter
USAM000000501 Monroe 22 Apr 1975 LeLong, Michel G.
8345		 USAM
Pinus glabra Walter
TROY000013690 Crenshaw 25 Sep 2007 Norman, James
4		 TROY
Pinus glabra Walter
USAM000000503 Escambia 08 Jun 1969 Kral, Robert
35161		 USAM
Pinus glabra Walter
UWAL0033221 Henry 17 Apr 2016 Diamond, Alvin R.
27311		 UWAL
Pinus glabra Walter
TROY000000632 Crenshaw 23 Oct 2003 Sasser, Telenna
11		 TROY
Pinus glabra Walter
AUA_ACC_43721 Conecuh 1 Sep 1985 Diamond, Alvin R.
1645		 AUA
Pinus Glabra Walt.
TROY000000637 Conecuh 25 Oct 2003 Diamond, Alvin R.
14246		 TROY
Pinus glabra Walter
UNA00062190 Conecuh 25 Oct 2003 Diamond, Alvin R.
14246		 UNA
Pinus glabra Walt.
AUA_ACC_55623 Butler 2 Feb 1944 Rust, H.B.
76		 AUA
Pinus Glabra Walt.
TROY000000627 Butler 01 Nov 2000 Hess, Emily
8		 TROY
Pinus glabra Walter
JSU104019 Choctaw 13 Sep 1997 Higginbotham, Jerri W.
268		 JSU
Pinus glabra Walter
AMAL00016960 Bullock 05 Mar 2009 Diamond, Alvin R.
20506		 AMAL
Pinus glabra Walt.
UWAL0012622 Henry 31 Mar 2013 Diamond, Alvin R.
23872		 UWAL
Pinus glabra Walter
TROY000000628 Butler 03 Nov 2000 Findley, Kris
4785		 TROY
Pinus glabra Walter
TROY000000639 Monroe 19 Nov 2005 Diamond, Alvin R.
16062		 TROY
Pinus glabra Walter
AUA_ACC_49852 Crenshaw 21 Jul 1989 Diamond, Alvin R.
6023		 AUA
Pinus Glabra Walt.
TROY000000650 Pike 18 Dec 2001 Diamond, Alvin R.
12837		 TROY
Pinus glabra Walter
USAM000000499 Monroe 22 Apr 1975 LeLong, Michel G.
8358		 USAM
Pinus glabra Walter
UNA00062244 Conecuh 01 Jan 2004 Diamond, Alvin R.
14276		 UNA
Pinus glabra Walt.
USAM000000497 Mobile 01 May 1969 LeLong, Michel G.
5081		 USAM
Pinus glabra Walter
UWAL0046989 Autauga 14 Mar 2017 Parker, Matthew R.
470		 UWAL
Pinus glabra Walter
UNA00029194 Montgomery 25 Jun 1950 Crawford, Lloyd C.
1287		 UNA
Pinus glabra Walt.
AMAL00019550 Monroe 19 Nov 2005 Diamond, Alvin R.
16062		 AMAL
Pinus glabra Walt.
AUA_ACC_43723 Conecuh 1 Sep 1985 Diamond, Alvin R.
1650		 AUA
Pinus Glabra Walt.
TROY000042291 Houston 26 Mar 2015 Diamond, Alvin R.
26049		 TROY
Pinus glabra Walter
UNA00062164 Geneva 28 Mar 2004 Diamond, Alvin R.
14310		 UNA
Pinus glabra Walt.
UWAL0001481 Bullock 05 Mar 2009 Diamond, Alvin R.
20506		 UWAL
Pinus glabra Walt.
TROY000000651 Pike 03 Dec 1995 Holmes, Jeanese
108		 TROY
Pinus glabra Walter
TROY000000640 Conecuh 01 Jan 2004 Diamond, Alvin R.
14276		 TROY
Pinus glabra Walter
AMAL00009513 Pike 06 Sep 2004 Diamond, Alvin R.
14685		 AMAL
Pinus glabra Walt.
UWAL0001482 Coffee 04 Oct 2008 Donaldson, M. Drew
1		 UWAL
Pinus glabra Walt.
TROY000000626 Barbour 06 Nov 2000 Green, Clint
1		 TROY
Pinus glabra Walter
TROY000035271 Bullock 10 May 2012 Dykes, Bailee
704		 TROY
Pinus glabra Walter
USAM000000498 Mobile 01 Dec 1980 Eberly, Steven
s.n.		 USAM
Pinus glabra Walter
TROY000026076 Bullock 05 Mar 2009 Diamond, Alvin R.
20506		 TROY
Pinus glabra Walter
UNA00029197 Clarke 25 Mar 1966 Thomas, Jerry P.
38		 UNA
Pinus glabra Walt.
USAM000000504 Baldwin 20 Apr 1974 LeLong, Michel G.
7636		 USAM
Pinus glabra Walter
UWAL0050591 Butler 19 Mar 1973 Gonsoulin, G.
1926		 UWAL
Pinus glabra Walt.
AUA_ACC_9433 Lee 14 Apr 1960 Jones, Jr., Samuel B.
515		 AUA
Pinus Glabra Walt.
TROY000033682 Barbour 03 Sep 2011 Ryan, Lauren
73		 TROY
Pinus glabra Walter
AUA_ACC_63371 Crenshaw 1 Jan 2004 Diamond, Alvin R.
14278		 AUA
Pinus Glabra Walt.
TROY000000646 Escambia 21 May 1995 Brittain, Cynthia L.
265		 TROY
Pinus glabra Walter
UNA00031271 Butler 25 Nov 1987 Burckhalter, Robert
s.n.		 UNA
Pinus glabra Walt.
AUA_ACC_45880 Perry 1 May 1971 Fuller, C.W.
046		 AUA
Pinus Glabra Walt.
TROY000000648 Montgomery 30 Dec 2000 Diamond, Alvin R.
12270		 TROY
Pinus glabra Walter
UWAL0047947 Russell 06 Mar 2020 England, J. Kevin
10718		 UWAL
Pinus glabra Walter
UNA00046170 Dale 08 Apr 1997 MacDonald, John R.
10243		 UNA
Pinus glabra Walt.
AMAL00008378 Covington 01 Jan 2004 Diamond, Alvin R.
14277		 AMAL
Pinus glabra Walt.
AUA_ACC_10140 Lee 17 Mar 1962 Landers, K.E.
 AUA
Pinus Glabra Walt.
TROY000043433 Washington 27 Jul 2012 England, J. Kevin
3824		 TROY
Pinus glabra Walter
UWAL0002000 Geneva 18 Feb 2010 Diamond, Alvin R.
21150		 UWAL
Pinus glabra Walt.
UWAL0002007 Pike 17 Feb 2010 Diamond, Alvin R.
21146		 UWAL
Pinus glabra Walt.
TROY000037437 Henry 31 Mar 2013 Diamond, Alvin R.
23872		 TROY
Pinus glabra Walter
AUA_ACC_65698 Monroe 19 Nov 2005 Diamond, Alvin R.
16062		 AUA
Pinus Glabra Walt.
SAMF0008146 Wilcox 08 Apr 2022 Davenport, L.J.
6926		 SAMF
Pinus glabra Walter
USAM000000482 Monroe 27 Apr 1975 LeLong, Michel G.
8407		 USAM
Pinus glabra Walter
TROY000000634 Wilcox 14 Oct 2001 Diamond, Alvin R.
12769		 TROY
Pinus glabra Walter
UNA00029204 Baldwin _ Jun 1893 Mohr, Charles
s.n.		 UNA
Pinus glabra Walt.
AMAL00016950 Coffee 04 Oct 2008 Donaldson, M. Drew
1		 AMAL
Pinus glabra Walt.
AUA_ACC_43720 Wilcox 1 Sep 1985 Diamond, Alvin R.
1666		 AUA
Pinus Glabra Walt.
TROY000000631 Covington 09 Mar 2002 Kral, Robert
92123		 TROY
Pinus glabra Walter
UNA00020177 Monroe 17 Nov 1991 Haynes, Robert R.
s.n.		 UNA
Pinus glabra Walt.
SAMF0006295 Autauga 16 Apr 1980 Davenport, Lawrence J.
1799		 SAMF
Pinus glabra Walter
UWAL0012087 Washington 09 Jun 2012 Keener, Brian R.
7307		 UWAL
Pinus glabra Walter
TROY000000636 Coffee 02 May 1998 Martin, Brian H.
3		 TROY
Pinus glabra Walter
AUA_ACC_69463 Covington 9 Jul 2009 Hansen, Curtis J.
 AUA
Pinus Glabra Walt.
TROY000000642 Crenshaw 01 Jan 2004 Diamond, Alvin R.
14278		 TROY
Pinus glabra Walter
AUA_ACC_71191 Clarke 17 Feb 2012 Barger, T. Wayne
SWS2		 AUA
Pinus Glabra Walt.
UWAL0006215 Conecuh 24 Sep 1982 Kral, Robert
69696		 UWAL
Pinus glabra Walt.
UNA00029198 Clarke 27 Jan 1964 Thomas, Joab L.
744		 UNA
Pinus glabra Walt.
JSU104020 Clarke 31 Oct 1997 Whetstone, R. David
18931		 JSU
Pinus glabra Walter
UNA00029195 Washington 29 Jan 1950 Stallard, W.A.
11		 UNA
Pinus glabra Walt.
SAMF0006296 Covington 21 Mar 1981 Davenport, Lawrence J.
2126		 SAMF
Pinus glabra Walter
AUA_ACC_10633 Lee 16 May 1963 Webster, H.L.
 AUA
Pinus Glabra Walt.
AUA_ACC_37597 Macon 9 Dec 1981 Henderson, T.
812		 AUA
Pinus Glabra Walt.
TROY000034551 Conecuh 24 Sep 1982 Kral, Robert
69696		 TROY
Pinus glabra Walter
AUA_ACC_63370 Covington 1 Jan 2004 Diamond, Alvin R.
14277		 AUA
Pinus Glabra Walt.
TROY000000633 Pike 02 Nov 2002 Belcher, Richard
9		 TROY
Pinus glabra Walter
TROY000041129 Elmore 14 Apr 2012 Pullen, Robert
381		 TROY
Pinus glabra Walter
ALNHS00001551 Clarke 17 Feb 2012 Horne, Howard E.
SWS-2		 ALNHS
Pinus glabra Walt.
AUA_ACC_50448 Crenshaw 27 Sep 1989 Diamond, Alvin R.
6430		 AUA
Pinus Glabra Walt.
TROY000000638 Crenshaw 17 Feb 2002 Diamond, Alvin R.
12909		 TROY
Pinus glabra Walter
UWAL0017925 Limestone 08 Nov 1985 Kral, Robert
73099.2		 UWAL
Pinus taeda L.
UNA00029196 Baldwin 24 May 1980 Davenport, Lawrence J.
1896		 UNA
Pinus glabra Walt.
AMAL00008379 Conecuh 01 Jan 2004 Diamond, Alvin R.
14276		 AMAL
Pinus glabra Walt.
AUA_ACC_64271 Pike 6 Sep 2004 Diamond, Alvin R.
14685		 AUA
Pinus Glabra Walt.
JSU104623 Monroe 11 Nov 1972 McCool, Jeff
s.n.		 JSU
Pinus glabra Walter
UNAF0000824 Lee 17 Mar 1962 Landers, Kenneth E.
04343		 UNAF
Pinus glabra Walter
UWAL0050696 Geneva 30 Mar 1968 Kral, R.
29950		 UWAL
Pinus glabra Walt.
TROY000038503 Washington 09 Jun 2012 Keener, Brian R.
7307		 TROY
Pinus glabra Walter
AUA_ACC_44104 Wilcox 2 Sep 1986 Diamond, Alvin R.
2844		 AUA
Pinus Glabra Walt.
AMAL00020039 Monroe 01 Mar 2011 Barger, T. Wayne
26		 AMAL
Pinus glabra Walter
TROY000000647 Geneva 28 Mar 2004 Diamond, Alvin R.
14310		 TROY
Pinus glabra Walter
UNA00029202 Clarke s.d. Mohr, Charles
s.n.		 UNA
Pinus glabra Walt.
AMAL00019508 Marengo 24 Sep 2008 England, J. Kevin
1217		 AMAL
Pinus glabra Walt.
UWAL0001483 Conecuh 25 Oct 2003 Diamond, Alvin R.
14246		 UWAL
Pinus glabra Walt.
TROY000000644 Dale 15 Dec 1999 Pennington, Tiffany
325		 TROY
Pinus glabra Walter
UNA00029200 Clarke 07 Nov 1982 Haynes, Robert R.
8688		 UNA
Pinus glabra Walt.
USAM000000505 Mobile 30 Mar 1974 LeLong, Michel G.
7496		 USAM
Pinus glabra Walter
UWAL0018271 Covington 05 Nov 1993 Kral, Robert
83412		 UWAL
Pinus glabra Walter
UWAL0056604 Escambia 16 Apr 2019 England, Kevin J.
10116		 UWAL
Pinus glabra Walter
UWAL0013369 Washington 27 Jul 2012 England, J. Kevin
3824		 UWAL
Pinus glabra Walter
TROY000013678 Monroe 20 Sep 2007 Diamond, Alvin R.
18275		 TROY
Pinus glabra Walter
AUA_ACC_22051 Macon 5 May 1970 Blankenchip, B.P.
 AUA
Pinus Glabra Walt.
UWAL0019614 Barbour 30 Mar 1986 Kral, Robert
73231		 UWAL
Pinus glabra Walt.
UNAF0000823 Baldwin 07 Nov 1984 Daly, Robert
04344		 UNAF
Pinus glabra Walter
UWAL0030633 Covington 14 Nov 1986 Kral, Robert
73701		 UWAL
Pinus glabra Walt.
UNA00026251 Marengo 05 Nov 1995 Burk, David H.
222b		 UNA
Pinus glabra Walt.
AUA_ACC_48284 Shelby 26 Oct 1980 Webb, A.L.
191		 AUA
Pinus Glabra Walt.
AUA_ACC_43719 Monroe 3 Sep 1985 Diamond, Alvin R.
1676		 AUA
Pinus Glabra Walt.
TROY000033070 Covington 09 Jul 2009 Hansen, Curtis J.
4121		 TROY
Pinus glabra Walter
UNA00029205 Baldwin s.d. Mohr, Charles
s.n.		 UNA
Pinus glabra Walt.
AUA_ACC_63374 Conecuh 1 Jan 2004 Diamond, Alvin R.
14276		 AUA
Pinus Glabra Walt.
UWAL0017597 Houston 26 Mar 2015 Diamond, Alvin R.
26049		 UWAL
Pinus glabra Walter
TROY000000643 Dale 20 Feb 2000 Prazinko, Brian F.
s.n.		 TROY
Pinus glabra Walter
UNA00056355 Coffee 02 Jan 1999 MacDonald, John R.
12514		 UNA
Pinus glabra Walt.
AUA_ACC_63442 Conecuh 25 Oct 2003 Diamond, Alvin R.
14246		 AUA
Pinus Glabra Walt.
JSU104018 Baldwin 10 Aug 1993 Spaulding, Daniel D.
4292		 JSU
Pinus glabra Walter
UWAL0017955 Clarke 10 Jun 1996 Kral, Robert
86038		 UWAL
Pinus glabra Walter
TROY000045009 Autauga 14 Mar 2017 Parker, Matthew R.
470		 TROY
Pinus glabra Walter
SAMF0006294 Clarke 27 Jan 1964 Thomas, Joab L.
744		 SAMF
Pinus glabra Walter
AUA_ACC_49526 Pike 6 Nov 1988 Diamond, Alvin R.
5625		 AUA
Pinus Glabra Walt.
UWAL0043485 Baldwin 11 Jul 2000 Larsen, Harry S.
465		 UWAL
Pinus glabra Walter
UNAF0000825 Monroe 11 Nov 1972 Landers, Kenneth E.
04345		 UNAF
Pinus glabra Walter
AUA_ACC_1186 Macon 22 Feb 1955 Moore, William H.
 AUA
Pinus Glabra Walt.
TROY000031869 Geneva 18 Feb 2010 Diamond, Alvin R.
21150		 TROY
Pinus glabra Walter
AUA_ACC_51145 Dale 18 Dec 1989 Diamond, Alvin R.
6630		 AUA
Pinus Glabra Walt.
UNA00062245 Covington 01 Jan 2004 Diamond, Alvin R.
14277		 UNA
Pinus glabra Walt.
USAM000000502 Baldwin 02 Mar 1973 LeLong, Michel G.
7426		 USAM
Pinus glabra Walter
TROY000046973 Henry 10 Jul 1984 Owsley, C. Michael
727		 TROY
Pinus glabra Walter
UNA00022804 Dallas 09 Apr 1993 Haynes, Chris G.
s.n.		 UNA
Pinus glabra Walt.
AMAL00008551 Geneva 28 Mar 2004 Diamond, Alvin R.
14310		 AMAL
Pinus glabra Walt.
AUA_ACC_43718 Butler 1 Sep 1985 Diamond, Alvin R.
1658		 AUA
Pinus Glabra Walt.
TROY000015820 Marengo 24 Sep 2008 England, J. Kevin
1217		 TROY
Pinus glabra Walter
UNA00029203 Crenshaw 21 Mar 1987 Haynes, Robert R.
8869		 UNA
Pinus glabra Walt.
UWAL0001484 Marengo 24 Sep 2008 England, J. Kevin
1217		 UWAL
Pinus glabra Walt.
TROY000037561 Clarke 27 Oct 2012 Jackson, Megan
7		 TROY
Pinus glabra Walter
USAM000000500 Mobile 12 Mar 1972 LeLong, Michel G.
6476		 USAM
Pinus glabra Walter
TROY000000641 Covington 01 Jan 2004 Diamond, Alvin R.
14277		 TROY
Pinus glabra Walter
AMAL00005554 Wilcox 14 Oct 2001 Diamond, Alvin R.
12769		 AMAL
Pinus glabra Walt.
UWAL0011407 Bullock 10 May 2012 Dykes, Bailee
704		 UWAL
Pinus glabra Walter
UNA00029210 Baldwin 20 Mar 1888 Mohr, Charles
s.n.		 UNA
Pinus glabra Walt.
TROY000000635 Coffee 12 Sep 1999 Martin, Brian H.
215		 TROY
Pinus glabra Walter
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