Rhynchosia minima

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Distribution Map: Based on vouchered plant specimens only. View county names by placing the mouse cursor over a particular county.

Species Distribution Map
Family:FABACEAE
Species:Rhynchosia minima (L.) DC.
Common Name:Least Snout Bean
Habitat:**
Associated Ecological Communities:**
Growth Habit:Vine
Duration:Perennial
Category:Vascular
USDA Symbol:RHMI4
Plant Notes:Least Snout Bean is an herbaceous perennial member of the Bean family (Fabaceae). It is a twining vine up to four feet in length. The stems are slightly pubescent. The leaves are alternate, trifoliate, and pubescent. The leaflets are rhomboid to ovate. Flowers are produced in racemes from the axils of the mid- to upper leaves. Flowers number from 5-15 per raceme and are relatively widely spaced. Flowers are papilionaceous, consisting of a banner or standard petal, two wing petals, and two united keel petals. The petals are yellow in color with brown or purple streaks on the outer surface. The fruit is a one or two seeded legume. Least Snout Bean typically occurs on heavy clay soils, particularly those high in lime and phosphorus. It is pantropical in distribution, occurring in Asia, Africa, Australia, and the Americas. In the United States it is known from Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, New Mexico, and Texas. Both Alabama collections were made by Charles Mohr. He collected this species in Autauga County in July 1869 and Mobile County in July 1870. No other collections of this species occur for Alabama. On 29 August 2014, the species was rediscovered in the Black Belt region of Lowndes County, Alabama. The species occurred in dry sandy soil in full sun under a power line right-of-way. The population was quite extensive and extended for approximately 100 meters along the power line corridor. Both flowering and fruiting plants were observed. Least Snout Bean has been listed as “Historical” (not collected within the last 100 years) in Alabama. This species is relatively widespread in Florida and Louisiana, but infrequent in Mississippi and Georgia. The apparent rarity of this species in adjacent states and its long absence from Alabama is likely due to insufficient collections. This species should be looked for in open disturbed habitats on the Coastal Plain, particularly in the Black Belt region.--A. Diamond
Taxonomic Notes:**
Status:Native
References:**
Specimen: View specimen details in the Alabama Herbarium Consortium Specimen Database

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

FamilyFABACEAE - Pea/Bean family
Genus Rhynchosia
Species Rhynchosia minima (L.) DC. - Least Snout Bean

Citation

Citation Rhynchosia minima (Linnaeus) A.P. de Candolle, Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 2: 385. 1825.
Basionym: Dolichos minimus L. 1753.
Type: JAMAICA: St. Jaho de la Vega (lectotype: Sloane, Voy. Jamaica 1: t. 115(1). 1707). Lectotypified by Verdcourt, in Turland & C.E. Jarvis, Taxon 46: 469. 1997.

** Not applicable or data not available.

Synonyms

SynonymFull CitationBasionymType
Dolicholus minimus Dolicholus minimus (Linnaeus) Medikus, Vorles. Churpfaelz. Phys.-Oecon. Ges. 2: 354. 1787.Dolichos minimus Linnaeus 1753. 
Dolichos minimus Dolichos minimus Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 726. 1753. JAMAICA: St. Jaho de la Vega (lectotype: Sloane, Voy. Jamaica 1: t. 115(1). 1707). Lectotypified by Verdcourt, in Turland & C. E. Jarvis, Taxon 46: 469. 1997.
Glycine lamarckii Glycine lamarckii Kunth, in Humboldt et al., Nov. Gen. Sp. 6: 424. 1824. CUBA: Havana, s.d., Bonpland 1328 (holotype: P).
Glycine minor Glycine minor Lagasca y Segura, Elench. Pl. 8. 1816, nom. illegit.Dolichos minimus Linnaeus 1753. 
Glycine reflexa Glycine reflexa Nuttall, Gen. N. Amer. Pl. 2: 115. 1818. GEORGIA (mis-cited as Florida): Camden Co.: St. Marys, s.d., Baldwin s.n. (lectotype: NY). Lectotypified by Grear, Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 31: 76. 1978.
Rhynchosia aureoguttata Rhynchosia aureoguttata Andersson, Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Handl. 1853: 252. 1855. ECUADOR: Galapagos Islands: Charles Island, s.d., Andersson 379 (holotype: S).
Rhynchosia candollei Rhynchosia candollei Decaisne, Nouv. Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. 3: 473. 1834.  
Rhynchosia exigua Rhynchosia exigua Andersson, Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Handl. 1853: 252. 1855. ECUADOR: Galapagos Islands: Charles Island, s.d., Andersson 380 (holotype: S).
Rhynchosia mexicana Rhynchosia mexicana Hooker & Arnott, Bot. Beechey Voy. 287. 1841. MEXICO: Without data, Beechey s.n. (holotype: K; isotypes: C, NY, US).
Rhynchosia minima var. diminifolia Rhynchosia minima (Linnaeus) de Candolle, var. diminifolia Walraven, Brittonia 22: 85. 1970. FLORIDA: Monroe Co.: Big Pine Key, s.d., Walraven 163 (holotype: GA).
Rhynchosia minima var. lutea Rhynchosia minima (Linnaeus) de Candolle, var. lutea Eggers, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus. 13: 42. 1879. VIRGIN ISLANDS: St. Croix: Frederiksson, Dec. 1873, Eggers s.n. (holotype: ?; isotype: C).
Rhynchosia minima var. pauciflora Rhynchosia minima (Linnaeus) de Candolle, var. pauciflora Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 204. 1891. PUERTO RICO: Guayama, Mar 1874, Kuntze 569a (holotype: NY).
Rhynchosia punctata Rhynchosia punctata de Candolle, Prodr. 2: 385. 1825. FRENCH GUIANA: Without data, Patris s.n. (holotype: G-DC).
Rhynchosia rhombifolia var. timoriensis Rhynchosia rhombifolia (Willdenow) de Candolle, var. timoriensis de Candolle, Prodr. 2: 386. 1825.  

Specimens and Distribution

This species has been reported in the following counties by the herbaria listed. An overview of the individual specimens are provided in the table that follows. Click on the accession number to view details; click on column headers to sort; choose a county or herbaria to filter the specimen data.

Counties included on distribution map: Lowndes, Mobile

Counties represented by specimen data listed below:

Herbaria represented by specimen data listed below: ALNHS, TROY, UNA, UWAL

Range of years during which specimens were collected: -

Barcode / Accession No. County Coll. Date Collector &
Collection No.		 Herbarium &
Herbarium Name Used		 Image
TROY000042894 Lowndes 29 Aug 2014 Diamond, Alvin R.
25482		 TROY
Rhynchosia minima (Linnaeus) A.P. de Candolle
UWAL0030236 Lowndes 29 Aug 2014 Diamond, Alvin R.
25482		 UWAL
Rhynchosia minima (Linnaeus) A.P. de Candolle
TROY000042949 Lowndes 29 Aug 2014 Diamond, Alvin R.
25482		 TROY
Rhynchosia minima (Linnaeus) A.P. de Candolle
UWAL0030233 Lowndes 29 Aug 2014 Diamond, Alvin R.
25482		 UWAL
Rhynchosia minima (Linnaeus) A.P. de Candolle
ALNHS00003476 Lowndes 9 Sep 2015 Barger, T. Wayne
SP#2036		 ALNHS
Rhynchosia minima (L.) DC.
UNA00027586 Mobile _ Jul 1870 Mohr, Charles
s.n.		 UNA
Rhynchosia minima (L.) DC.
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