Medicago lupulina

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Distribution Map: Based on vouchered plant specimens only. View county names by placing the mouse cursor over a particular county.

Species Distribution Map
Family:FABACEAE
Species:Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
Common Name:Black Medick; Yellow Trefoil
Habitat:Disturbed soils in open areas.
Associated Ecological Communities:**
Growth Habit:Herb
Duration:Annual
Category:Vascular
USDA Symbol:MELU
Plant Notes: Black Medick is an introduced winter annual in the Bean family (Fabaceae). It occurs statewide in Alabama. Black Medick occurs in fields, along rail road tracks, on roadsides, in lawns, and in vacant lots. It is one of six species in the genus that occur in Alabama. Black Medick has prostrate or weakly ascending stems with alternate trifoliate leaves. At first glance it resembles some species of clover (Trifolium). At the base of each leaf is a pair of stipules. Dense clusters of small yellow flowers are produced from the leaf axils. Each individual flowers is similar to that of a pea. The flowers are replaced with coiled seed pods. The pods become black when mature and do not split to release the seed. Each pod contains a single seed that is kidney shaped. Black Medick was introduced from Eurasia for pasture fodder for livestock, for use as a green manure, and to stabilize that soil and prevent erosion. --A. Diamond
Taxonomic Notes:**
Status:Not Native, FACU (NWI)
References:**
Specimen: View specimen details in the Alabama Herbarium Consortium Specimen Database

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

FamilyFABACEAE - Pea/Bean family
Genus Medicago
Species Medicago lupulina Linnaeus - Black Medick; Yellow Trefoil

Citation

Citation MEDICAGO LUPULINA Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 779. 1753.
Basionym: **
Type: Without data (lectotype: LINN 933.10). Lectotypified by Ali, Taxon 17: 540. 1968.

** Not applicable or data not available.

Synonyms

SynonymFull CitationBasionymType
Lupularia parviflora Lupularia parviflora Opiz, Seznam 61. 1852, nom. illegit.Medicago lupulina Linnaeus 1753. 
Lupulina aurata Lupulina aurata Noulet, Fl. Bass. Sous-Pyren. 157. 1837.Medicago lupulina Linnaeus 1753. 
Medica lupulina Medica lupulina (Linnaeus) Scopoli, Fl. Carniol., ed. 2. 2: 88. 1772.Medicago lupulina Linnaeus 1753. 
Medicago corymbifera Medicago corymbifera W. L. E. Schmidt ex Schlechtendal, Linnaea 4: 74. 1829.  
Medicago cupaniana Medicago cupaniana Gussone, Fl. Sicul. Syn. 2: 362. 1844.  
Medicago lupulina var. corymbosa Medicago lupulina Linnaeus, var. corymbosa Seringe, in de Candolle, Prodr. 2: 172. 1825.  
Medicago lupulina var. cupaniana Medicago lupulina Linnaeus, var. cupaniana (Gussone) Boissier, Fl. Orient. 2: 105. 1872-1873.Medicago cupaniana Gussone 1844. 
Medicago lupulina var. glandulosa Medicago lupulina Linnaeus, var. glandulosa W. D. J. Koch, in Sturm, Deutschl. Fl. 5: 324. 1806.  
Medicago lupulina var. perennans Medicago lupulina Linnaeus, var. perennans Grossheim, Fl. Kavk. 2: 260. 1930.  
Medicago lupulina var. polystachya Medicago lupulina Linnaeus, var. polystachya Seringe, in de Candolle, Prodr. 2: 172. 1825.  
Medicago lupulina var. stipularis Medicago lupulina Linnaeus, var. stipularis (Wallroth) Hallier et al., in W. D. J. Koch, Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv., ed. 3. 534. 1891.Medicago stipularis Wallroth 1840. 
Medicago lupulina var. typica Medicago lupulina Linnaeus, var. typica Urban, Berh. Bot. Vereins Prov. Brandenburg 15: 52. 1873, nom. inadmiss.Medicago lupulina Linnaeus 1753. 
Medicago lupulina var. unguiculata Medicago lupulina Linnaeus, var. unguiculata Seringe, in de Candolle, Prodr. 2: 172. 1825.  
Medicago lupulina var. vulgaris Medicago lupulina Linnaeus, var. vulgaris W. D. J. Koch, Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv. 161. 1835, nom. inadmiss.Medicago lupulina Linnaeus 1753. 
Medicago lupulina var. willdenowiana Medicago lupulina Linnaeus, var. willdenowiana W. D. J. Koch, Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv. 161. 1835.Medicago willdenowii Boenninghausen 1824, non Merat 1812. 
Medicago lupulina var. willdenowii Medicago lupulina Linnaeus, var. willdenowii Ascherson, Fl. Brandenburg 1: 139. 1867, nom. illegit.Medicago lupulina Linnaeus, var. willdenowiana W. D. J. Koch 1835; Medicago willdenowii Boenninghausen 1824, non Merat 1812. 
Medicago stipularis Medicago stipularis Wallroth, Erst. Beitr. Fl. Hercyn. 260. 1840.  
Medicago willdenowii Medicago willdenowii Boenninghausen, Prodr. Fl. Monast. Westphal. 226. 1824, non Merat 1812.  
Medicula lupulina Medicula lupulina (Linnaeus) Medikus, Vorles. Churpfaelz. Phys.-Oecon. Ges. 2: 386. 1787.Medicago lupulina Linnaeus 1753. 
Melilotus lupulinus Melilotus lupulinus (Linnaeus) Trautvetter, Bull. Sci. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint- Petersbourg 8: 271. 1841, non Lamarck 1779.Medicago lupulina Linnaeus 1753. 

Specimens and Distribution

This species has been reported in the following counties by the herbaria listed. An overview of the individual specimens are provided in the table that follows. Click on the accession number to view details; click on column headers to sort; choose a county or herbaria to filter the specimen data.

Counties included on distribution map: Autauga, Baldwin, Bibb, Bullock, Butler, Calhoun, Chilton, Clarke, Coffee, Colbert, Conecuh, Coosa, Covington, Crenshaw, Cullman, Dale, Dallas, Escambia, Etowah, Fayette, Franklin, Geneva, Houston, Jackson, Jefferson, Lamar, Lawrence, Lee, Limestone, Macon, Madison, Marengo, Marshall, Mobile, Montgomery, Morgan, Pike, Randolph, Shelby, Sumter, Talladega, Tallapoosa, Tuscaloosa, Walker, Wilcox

Counties represented by specimen data listed below:

Herbaria represented by specimen data listed below: AUA, JSU, TROY, UNA, USAM, UWAL

Range of years during which specimens were collected: -

Barcode / Accession No. County Coll. Date Collector &
Collection No.		 Herbarium &
Herbarium Name Used		 Image
AUA000012535 Macon 29 JUN 1973 OWEN, J. T.
057		 AUA
MEDICAGO LUPULINA L.
JSU135512 Talladega 15 Oct 1994 J. M. Ballard
5273		 JSU
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
TROY000005413 Dale 01 May 2005 Alvin R. Diamond
15247		 TROY
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
TROY000005412 Crenshaw 30 Apr 2000 Alvin R. Diamond
11677		 TROY
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
AUA000012540 Montgomery 17 APR 1964 CREEL, JOHN
 AUA
MEDICAGO LUPULINA L.
TROY000005405 Baldwin 23 Mar 2006 Alvin R. Diamond
16183		 TROY
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
AUA000020062 Butler 21 JAN 2006 DIAMOND, JR., ALVIN R.
16129		 AUA
MEDICAGO LUPULINA L.
TROY000043010 Colbert 26 Jun 2014 J. Kevin England
5000		 TROY
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
JSU135500 Jefferson 2 Apr 1976 R. D. Whetstone
7995		 JSU
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
AUA000012527 Dale 1 MAY 2005 DIAMOND, JR., ALVIN R.
15247		 AUA
MEDICAGO LUPULINA L.
UWAL0014439 Colbert 26 Jun 2014 England, J. Kevin
5000		 UWAL
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
JSU135495 Franklin 6 Jun 1975 R. D. Whetstone
4450		 JSU
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
AUA000012546 Wilcox 20 MAY 1982 GUNN, SCOTT C.
650A		 AUA
MEDICAGO LUPULINA L.
JSU135509 Marshall 3 Apr 1992 D. D. Spaulding
1265		 JSU
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
USAM000006524 Mobile 19 Mar 1968 Michel G. Lelong
4226		 USAM
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
TROY000005415 Dale 23 Feb 1999 Hannelore Rundell
692		 TROY
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
JSU135498 Jackson 29 Jun 1996 J. M. Ballard
6031		 JSU
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
TROY000005406 Butler 07 Jan 2007 Alvin R. Diamond
17276		 TROY
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
JSU135496 Houston 24 Apr 1994 John R. MacDonald
7106		 JSU
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
TROY000005408 Coffee 03 May 2000 Brian H. Martin
677		 TROY
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
UWAL0013336 Coosa 30 May 2013 Diamond, Alvin R.
24145		 UWAL
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
AUA000012543 Randolph 16 JUN 1975 RUTLAND, DAVID W.
324		 AUA
MEDICAGO LUPULINA L.
TROY000005419 Montgomery 24 Feb 2006 Alvin R. Diamond
16143		 TROY
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
AUA000012518 Conecuh 24 MAR 1986 DIAMOND, JR., ALVIN R.
2208		 AUA
MEDICAGO LUPULINA L.
TROY000019363 Mobile 04 Mar 2007 Brian R. Keener
3338		 TROY
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
UNA00017618 Jefferson 9 May 1981 Charles N. Horn
209		 UNA
Medicago lupulina L.
JSU135505 Lawrence 23 May 1974 R. D. Whetstone
2804		 JSU
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
AUA000012519 Conecuh 17 MAR 1986 DIAMOND, JR., ALVIN R.
2099		 AUA
MEDICAGO LUPULINA L.
TROY000019362 Lamar 06 Apr 2002 Daniel D. Spaulding
11174		 TROY
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
JSU135493 Etowah 9 Jun 1975 R. D. Whetstone
4610		 JSU
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
AUA000038383 Morgan 11 Jun 2017 ENGLAND, J. KEVIN
8000		 AUA
MEDICAGO LUPULINA L.
JSU135492 Etowah 1 May 1992 D. S. Bailey
58		 JSU
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
UWAL0006958 Talladega 01 Mar 2008 Keener, Brian R.
4036		 UWAL
Medicago lupulina L.
AUA000012526 Dale 3 MAY 1992 DIAMOND, JR., ALVIN R.
8226		 AUA
MEDICAGO LUPULINA L.
UWAL0038794 Clarke 28 Feb 2016 Keener, Brian R.
9330		 UWAL
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
AUA000012537 Montgomery 10 MAY 1979 CRAWFORD, LLOYD C.
 AUA
MEDICAGO LUPULINA L.
TROY000037979 Coosa 30 May 2013 Alvin R. Diamond
24145		 TROY
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
UNA00017615 Mobile _ May _ Charles Mohr
s.n.		 UNA
Medicago lupulina L.
TROY000038890 Houston 13 Dec 2013 Alvin R. Diamond
24704		 TROY
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
TROY000005407 Butler 21 Jan 2006 Alvin R. Diamond
16129		 TROY
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
AUA000012538 Montgomery 21 DEC 2005 DIAMOND, JR., ALVIN R.
16090		 AUA
MEDICAGO LUPULINA L.
TROY000046168 Marengo 04 Jun 2010 J. Kevin England
2481		 TROY
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
UNA00017616 Mobile 27 Mar 1965 Rebecca Deramus
D 311		 UNA
Medicago lupulina L.
TROY000048329 Autauga 06 Feb 2018 Matthew R. Parker
1514		 TROY
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
USAM000006525 Mobile 16 Apr 1976 Michel G. Lelong
9127		 USAM
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
AUA000012534 Lee 24 JUL 1948 DUKE, F. M.
 AUA
MEDICAGO LUPULINA L.
JSU135508 Madison 11 May 1996 D. D. Spaulding
8343		 JSU
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
AUA000012533 Lee 3 AUG 1948 JONES, JACK C.
 AUA
MEDICAGO LUPULINA L.
UWAL0043374 Baldwin 17 May 2007 Larsen, H.S.
1619		 UWAL
Medicago lupulina L.
UWAL0007095 Sumter 8 Mar 2006 Skinner, Angie
14.1		 UWAL
Medicago lupulina L.
JSU135490 Etowah 27 May 1994 L. M. Hodge
1332		 JSU
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
AUA000012528 Dallas 9 MAY 1966 BURNS, EARL R.
 AUA
MEDICAGO LUPULINA L.
UNA00066616 Butler 7 Jan 2007 Alvin R. Diamond
17276		 UNA
Medicago lupulina L.
JSU135502 Jefferson 28 May 1984 J. P. Barber
631		 JSU
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
UNA00060472 Mobile 25 Dec 2002 Tad M. Zebryk
8148		 UNA
Medicago lupulina L.
JSU140957 Lee 10 May 1966 Robert Berry
s.n.		 JSU
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
UWAL0015817 Houston 13 Dec 2013 Diamond, Alvin R.
24704		 UWAL
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
UNA00017622 Mobile 1 Jun 1965 Rebecca Deramus
D500		 UNA
Medicago lupulina L.
JSU135513 Talladega 30 May 1973 R. D. Whetstone
1028		 JSU
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
AUA000012531 Lee 11 MAY 1966 SEARCY, JAMES W.
 AUA
MEDICAGO LUPULINA L.
JSU135491 Etowah 14 Jun 1974 T. A. Atkinson
314		 JSU
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
UWAL0046073 Autauga 06 Feb 2018 Parker, Matthew R.
1514		 UWAL
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
TROY000005414 Dale 15 May 1993 R. Austinhirst
45		 TROY
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
JSU135487 Calhoun 6 Apr 1970 Bill Boone
s.n.		 JSU
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
AUA000012523 Crenshaw 30 APR 2000 DIAMOND, JR., ALVIN R.
11677		 AUA
MEDICAGO LUPULINA L.
AUA000012542 Randolph 12 AUG 1972 POUNDERS, C. T.
189		 AUA
MEDICAGO LUPULINA L.
JSU135504 Limestone 29 Jun 1996 J. M. Ballard
5933		 JSU
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
TROY000005411 Crenshaw 05 May 2002 Alvin R. Diamond
13125		 TROY
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
TROY000005421 Pike 19 Mar 1997 Astrid Evers
15		 TROY
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
AUA000012529 Jefferson 10 MAY 1965 WRIGHT, LARRY
 AUA
MEDICAGO LUPULINA L.
TROY000005417 Macon 24 Apr 2006 Alvin R. Diamond
16281		 TROY
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
AUA000012539 Montgomery 24 FEB 2006 DIAMOND, JR., ALVIN R.
16143		 AUA
MEDICAGO LUPULINA L.
TROY000019273 Talladega 01 Mar 2008 Brian R. Keener
4036		 TROY
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
UNA00017617 Tuscaloosa 4 Apr 1981 Charles N. Horn
200		 UNA
Medicago lupulina L.
JSU135488 Cullman 20 Jun 1975 R. D. Whetstone
4785		 JSU
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
AUA000012517 Chilton 10 APR 2005 DIAMOND, JR., ALVIN R.
15079		 AUA
MEDICAGO LUPULINA L.
TROY000019361 Fayette 06 Apr 2002 Daniel D. Spaulding
11161		 TROY
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
JSU135494 Franklin 6 Jun 1975 R. D. Whetstone
4450		 JSU
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
UWAL0012787 Baldwin 13 Mar 2013 Barger, T. Wayne
1157		 UWAL
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
JSU135510 Marshall 3 Apr 1992 D. D. Spaulding
1269		 JSU
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
UWAL0014841 Bullock 31 Jan 2013 Dykes, Bailee
1487		 UWAL
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
AUA000012536 Macon 29 MAY 1988 DIAMOND, JR., ALVIN R.
4911		 AUA
MEDICAGO LUPULINA L.
JSU135484 Calhoun 21 Mar 1993 L. Weninegar
38		 JSU
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
AUA000012530 Lee 20 APR 1969 BURTON, DAN
 AUA
MEDICAGO LUPULINA L.
JSU135515 Walker 17 Apr 1982 R. D. Whetstone
9489		 JSU
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
TROY000049410 Escambia 07 Mar 2020 Alvin R. Diamond
29183		 TROY
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
UNA00068757 Talladega 1 Mar 2008 Brian R. Keener
4036		 UNA
Medicago lupulina L.
JSU135501 Jefferson 9 May 1984 J. P. Barber
216		 JSU
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
TROY000005420 Montgomery 21 Dec 2005 Alvin R. Diamond
16090		 TROY
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
JSU136053 Baldwin 20 Apr 2011 T. Wayne Barger
Perd-706		 JSU
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
UWAL0006963 Covington 10 Mar 2008 Diamond, A.R.
18744		 UWAL
Medicago lupulina L.
UNA00017620 Mobile 26 Feb 1966 Rebecca Deramus
D822		 UNA
Medicago lupulina L.
JSU135511 Shelby 4 Apr 1993 R. D. Whetstone
16246		 JSU
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
USAM000006526 Mobile 13 Mar 1968 Michel G. Lelong
4184		 USAM
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
TROY000037093 Bullock 31 Jan 2013 Bailee Dykes
1487		 TROY
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
UWAL0047023 Autauga 14 Mar 2017 Parker, Matthew R.
458		 UWAL
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
AUA000012520 Covington 4 MAY 1979 JOHNSON, KENNETH G.
 AUA
MEDICAGO LUPULINA L.
TROY000031534 Talladega 22 May 1976 David Rutland
3013		 TROY
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
JSU135497 Jackson 27 Jun 1998 K. R. Brodeur
938		 JSU
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
AUA000027080 Baldwin 20 APR 2011 BARGER, T. WAYNE
PERD-706		 AUA
MEDICAGO LUPULINA L.
TROY000019322 Sumter 10 Jul 2006 Brian R. Keener
3184		 TROY
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
AUA000012545 Talladega 18 MAY 1976 RUTLAND, DAVID W.
2958		 AUA
MEDICAGO LUPULINA L.
UNA00066624 Geneva 25 Jan 2007 Alvin R. Diamond
17285		 UNA
Medicago lupulina L.
JSU135503 Jefferson 28 May 1984 J. P. Barber
408		 JSU
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
TROY000046110 Wilcox 22 Feb 2018 Alvin R. Diamond
28075		 TROY
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
TROY000005410 Covington 25 Mar 2005 Alvin R. Diamond
15032		 TROY
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
AUA000012525 Crenshaw 27 MAY 1994 DIAMOND, JR., ALVIN R.
9188		 AUA
MEDICAGO LUPULINA L.
UNA00060085 Lawrence 19 Jan 2000 Kevin England
101		 UNA
Medicago lupulina L.
JSU135489 Etowah 28 May 1975 R. D. Whetstone
4095		 JSU
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
AUA000012544 Talladega 22 MAY 1976 RUTLAND, DAVID W.
3013		 AUA
MEDICAGO LUPULINA L.
JSU135514 Walker 13 Aug 1974 T. A. Atkinson
701		 JSU
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
UWAL0032875 Mobile 06 Mar 2010 England, J. Kevin
2256		 UWAL
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
JSU135507 Macon 30 Jun 1973 G. H. Crance
39		 JSU
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
UWAL0035111 Morgan 10 Jun 2017 England, J. Kevin
8000		 UWAL
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
JSU135483 Calhoun 22 Feb 1993 A. P. Dasinger
5		 JSU
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
AUA000012541 Pike 30 APR 1995 DIAMOND, JR., ALVIN R.
9541		 AUA
MEDICAGO LUPULINA L.
UNA00064488 Dale 1 May 2005 Alvin R. Diamond
15247		 UNA
Medicago lupulina L.
JSU135499 Jefferson 23 May 1985 J. P. Barber
1553		 JSU
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
UWAL0006957 Sumter 10 Jul 2006 Keener, Brian R.
3184		 UWAL
Medicago lupulina L.
JSU135480 Bibb 1 Apr 1999 K. R. Brodeur
1631		 JSU
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
TROY000005409 Coffee 10 Apr 2000 Brian H. Martin
543		 TROY
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
UWAL0002722 Marengo 04 Jun 2010 England, J. Kevin
2481		 UWAL
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
AUA000012516 Chilton 18 MAY 1976 RUTLAND, DAVID W.
2854		 AUA
MEDICAGO LUPULINA L.
TROY000005416 Geneva 25 Jan 2007 Alvin R. Diamond
17285		 TROY
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
AUA000012522 Covington 25 MAR 2005 DIAMOND, JR., ALVIN R.
15032		 AUA
MEDICAGO LUPULINA L.
UNA00059121 Tallapoosa 17 Mar 2002 D. D. Spaulding
11117		 UNA
Medicago lupulina L.
JSU135486 Calhoun 27 May 1982 R. D. Whetstone
11206		 JSU
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
AUA000012521 Covington 18 MAR 1988 DIAMOND, JR., ALVIN R.
4256		 AUA
MEDICAGO LUPULINA L.
TROY000019364 Tallapoosa 17 Mar 2002 Daniel D. Spaulding
11117		 TROY
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
JSU135481 Calhoun 20 Apr 1995 S. E. Hruska
655		 JSU
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
UWAL0006955 Marengo 05 May 1993 Harris, J.W.
s.n.		 UWAL
Medicago lupulina L.
JSU135482 Calhoun 4 Mar 1992 F. W. Clearman, Jr
31		 JSU
Medicago lupulina Linnaeus
UWAL0006956 Mobile 04 Mar 2007 Keener, Brian R.
3338		 UWAL
Medicago lupulina L.
AUA000012524 Crenshaw 30 APR 1995 DIAMOND, JR., ALVIN R.
9536		 AUA
MEDICAGO LUPULINA L.
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